• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.117-127
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• 2008

Green algae are important primary producers in aquatic ecosystem, and they are sensitive test species in bioassay. Green algae are broadly used to assess the adverse effects of various chemicals by measuring the inhibition of metabolism, reproduction and survival. In this study, we extensively gathered domestic and foreign toxicity test methods conducted using green algae, which are distributed in Korean water environment. Selected eight domestic green algae were Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Desmodesmus subspicatus (=Scenedesmus subspicatus), Scenedesmus abundans, Scenedesmus acutus, Scenedesmus quadricauda, Podohedriella falcata (=Ankistrodesmus falcatus), Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (=Selenastrum capricornutum), and Chlorella vulgaris. Forty four test methods were collected from the standard test ones, government reports, SCI papers and Korean research papers. P. subcapitata and D. subspicatus are the most common test species recommended by the standard test methods. Initial cell density and dilution water were the main differences among the test methods we collected. We proposed the suitable ecotoxicity test methods based on domestic green algae in Korea. This study could be a fundamental basis to establish the ecotoxicity test methods by green algae distributed in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.93-97
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• 1981

It has long been believed for the presence of infectious coryza affecting serious economic loss in domestic poultry industry. However, the etiologic agent has not been isolated until quite recently. From 1979, several strains of Haemophilus-like organism were isolated from chickens with symptoms similar to infectious coryza, and their colonial morphology, growth requirement, biochemical properties and pathogenicity were assessed. In addition, serological properties of the isolates by cross hemagglutination inhibition test was also investigated. The results indicated that all the isolates were identified as Haemophilus gallinarum which had similar characteristics to the reference strains.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.281-288
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• 1999

Helicobacter species have been identified in or isolated from domestic carnivores, but their prevalence in different population of animals and their clinical significance are still unknown. This study was peformed to evaluate the prevalence of Helicobacter in clinically healthy dogs by urease test, culture, morphological examination and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Tissue samples from 70 dogs in Kangwon and Kyunggi areas from August 1998 to April, 1999, were examined. The detection rates of Helicobacter by urease activity of tissue-samples were 84.6%, 61.3% and 4.8 % in the fundus, the antrum and the duodenum, respectively. One strain of Helicobacter was isolated from the duodenum. It was identified as H canis by biochemical and morphorogical examination. The detection rates of Helicobacter by histological examination were 92.3%, 79.0% and 4.8% in the fundus, antrum and the duodenum, respectively. Helicobacter organisms were colonized more in the gastric pits than in the surface of epithelium, the gastric gland or the parietal cell. Although most of dogs were colonized with Helicobacter in tissue, gross lesions and specific histopathological lesions caused by Helicobacter in these tissues were not observed. The detection rate of Helicobacter by PCR was 78.6%. The histological examination was more sensitive than urease test, culture or PCR technique for the detection of Helicobacter.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.395-400
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• 2002

Lead is one of the most toxic metal and is detectable in practically all phases of environment and in all biological system. Transport, industrial and domestic waste products are the main sources of this pollutant. Ingested lead is rapidly absorbed and widely distributed throughout the body, causing extensive tissue damage. In this study, we chose the freshwater decapods Maceobrachium nipponnese as a sensitive indicator organism for environmental pollution. In order to investigate the possibility in use of $Na^+/K^+ATPase$ activity as a biomarker of lead pollution, we tested the acute toxicity of lead to Maceobrachium nipponnese. The $LC_{50}(96hr)$ value for lead in Maceobrachium nipponnese was found to be $446{\mu}g/L$ with the 95% confidence limits. The lead exposure group at $LC_{50}$ showed a significant $Na^+/K^+ATPase$ inhibition, depending on the exposure time. Comparision of several concentrations of lead revealed that the $Na^+/K^+ATPase$ activity in Maceobrachium nipponnese was significantly decreased in a concentration dependent manner. These results suggest that $Na^+/K^+ATPase$ activity in Maceobrachium nipponnese may possibly be used as a biomarker of lead pollution in aquatic ecosystem.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.9-12
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• 2007

Recently, research and development related to high strength concrete for the high rise and large scale reinforced concrete building has been actively promoted in worldwide by national and private research project. But, it is reported that violent explosive explosion would be happened when it was exposed in fire. In the existed study, a explosion in a reinforced concrete structure looses the organism by the different contraction and expansion of hardened cement paste and aggregate, and causes crack by thermal stress. In case of the Europe, Japan and America, they have studied the explosion for a long time. However it would hardly study the explosion in domestic, So it is needed base on mechanical properties of fire deterioration in high strength concrete. Therefore, this study is intend as an mechanical properties of specimen to high heating by heating and load test machine and $700^{\circ}C$. As a result, it is willing to propose fundamental data for quick and accurate diagnosis of deteriorated concrete structure by fire damage with experiment according to the design high strength concrete.

• Korean Association of Arts Management
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• no.58
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• pp.121-152
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• 2021

This study attempted to analyze the effect of the color series of artworks installed as environmental stimuli in commercial spaces on the satisfaction of visitors and the moderating effect of the relationship. To this end, based on the SOR model of Stimulate-Organism-Response applied to burial environment research in the field of environmental psychology, and the preceding research using the SOR model, artwork color series(S)-mood and spaace amenity(O)-A research framework for satisfaction(R) was developed. In the experiment, an online questionnaire was conducted for domestic college students and graduate students by producing images with two conditions depending on the case where warm colors and cold colors were installed for the color series of artworks. As a result of verifying the difference in satisfaction of respondents corresponding to the two conditions through regression analysis, it was found that the warm color(vs. cold color) of the artwork color series induces higher visitor satisfaction. In addition, as a result of verifying the controlling factors of mood and space amenity variables in this relationship of influence, a significant moderating effect was found when the positive mood of warm colors(vs. cold colors) in the artwork color series was felt higher than the average. And, of the four types of space amenity, it was found that a significant moderating effect appeared when only comfort and aesthetics were measured as moderating variables. The result of this study proves that the warm color series of artworks that stimulate the physical environment of commercial spaces has a more positive effect on the satisfaction of visitors than the cold color series, and this is reinforced by positive mood, comfort, and aesthetics. It adds understanding and provides useful implications for marketing strategies for building an effective spatial image.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.641-646
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• 2022

There are concerns about the environmental release of living modified organism (LMO) maize created to increase yields. In fact, there are cases in which LMO crops for feed have been leaked in Korea to form autoite colonies, and concerns about LMO spill are intensifying. In this study, the possibility of environmental outflow and occurrence of native organisms was analyzed using maize feed and seeds distributed in Korea. In the evaluation of the possibility of spontaneous occurrence of maize in the event of an unintentional release of maize feed made by crushing maize, the incidence rate of maize was 0.01%, which was extremely low compared to the germination rate of maize seeds. A survey of the dormant rate of maize showed that all maize seeds collected every month were dead. In the germination rate test by temperature using Daehak wax corn and Kwangpyeongok, high germination rates were found at 20℃ and 30℃, and relatively low germination rates were found at 10℃ and 40℃. In addition, all germination tests showed a higher germination rate Daehak wax corn than Kwangpyeongok. The difference between domestic and overseas cultivation maize was confirmed through a survey on the agricultural properties of three varieties of maize. The data obtained through this experiment could be the basis for the evaluation of the weediness potential of environmental risk assessment and technology to suppress the occurrence of autoite in preparation for future LMO spills.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.149-153
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• 2000

We have constructed a recombinant baculovirus, Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcNPV), containing green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene from the jellyfish, Aequorea victoria, and transferred it into the domestic silkworm Bombyx mori larvae for the production of visible transgenic silkworm of living organism. When one day-old fifth instar female larvae were injected with the recombinant AcNPV of 1x10$^{5}$ plaque forming units, the bright glow of GFP was detected in the recombinant AcNPV-infected larvae and in the newly hatched larvae of the next generation. Our findings demonstrate that the viral replication was detected in the silkworm treated with the recombinant ACNPV and the gfp gene was expressed under the transcriptional control of the polyhedrin gene promoter, Furthermore, the gfp gene was transmitted to the next generation, suggesting that this system can be applied for the development of transgenic silkworms.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.470-479
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• 2004

The experimental conditions and relationships between parameters such as organic matter, aeration volume, aeration time, and precipitation time for the effective treatment of domestic wastewater were investigated. With the batch systems, the adsorption amount of unit microbe was measured with the change of MLSS concentration, precipitation time, and aeration amount. Theoretical adsorption amount of microbes was then numerically formulated by use of a SPSS multiple analysis as follows: $$Y=-0.0106(X_1)+0.07310(X_2)+42.705(X_3)+62.700$$ In this study, the amount of organisms to be removed in the range of MLSS concentration 2,000~4,500 mg/l were examined. In order to investigate the optimal condition of nitrification, the upper water in the biosorption stage was used as the initial experiment water. The results showed that the C/N ratio was 1.5 and the reaction time for the optimal nitrification was 1.5 hr. When the adsorption efficiency for microbe biosorption was 66%, the optimum denitrification efficiency was 83.3%. When the optimum parameters obtained from the batch experiment were applied to the lab-scale operation, the total retention time from the flow-in to flow-out was 10 hours and the removal efficiency was 93.8% for $COD_{cr}$ and 80.9% for TN. For the full-scale operation, the total retention time was 9.0 hours and the removal efficiency was 94.4% for BOD, 89.6% for $COD_{cr}$, 88.0% for TN, and 86.2% for TP.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.242-248
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• 2000

Since the official allowance of bottled water at Korean domestic market in 1995, Pseudomo~zas aemginosu has been detected from 2.3% and 1.2% of source and products of bottled water sa~nple tested, respectively. according to the nation-wide dala froin May 1995 to December 1996. Therefore, P aeivginosa was the second most important parameter, next to colifoi~ns, anlong the bacieriological parameters regulated for bonled water. The official standard method initially adopted the Japanese officlal method and Standard Methods of the US, w~hich is using aspai-agiii-acetamid mnedia(A-A method). how eve^; the method showed low specificity regardless of the high sensitivity. The $42^{\circ}C$ growth test was the best biochemical featu1-e differentiating the P uelarginosu 6-om P aei-uginosa-like species such as P puririir and P Jhoi.escens amo1zg the other characierisiics such as fluorescence pigment_ pyocyanin, casein hy&olysis, etc. Thel-efore, addition of the $42^{\circ}C$ growth Lest in advance ofthe biochemical identification test, when sainple is positive by A-A method, should strengthen the spec~IiclQ w~tli ~ninin~um addition of testing load.