• 무역상무연구
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• 제13권
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• pp.495-513
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• 2000

In this paper, I examined the terms of letter of credit and standard for examination of documents. In connection with the test of standard, I reviewed the bank's reasonable care, inconsistence and linkage between documents, non-documentary conditions and the treatment of discrepant documents. Traditionally credit law is founded on two principles such as the standards of strict of compliance and substantial compliance, but these standards are not consistency. Moreover although the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits(UCP) introduces a new standard for examination of documents by incorporating international banking practice, the standards for documentary compliance have created ambiguity. Accordingly, I suggest that the standard requires strict compliance between party concerned in letter of credit transactions but only requires international standard banking practice in customer relationship. Therefore the standard and the specific guideline should be prescribed in the next version of the UCP.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제20권
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• pp.317-341
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• 2003

The publication International Standard Banking Practice for the Examination of Documents under Documentary Letters of Credit (ISBP) is the product by a task force of the ICC Banking Commission. The ISBP is a practical complement to UCP 500, ICC’s universally used rules on documentary credits. The ISBP does not amend the UCP. It explains, in explicit detail, how the rules are to be applied on a day-to-day basis. It fills a needed gap between the general principles announced in the rules and the daily work of the documentary credit practitioner. By using the ISBP, document checkers can bring their practices in line with those followed by their colleagues worldwide. The result should be a significant reduction in the number of documents refused for discrepancies on first presentation.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.55-74
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• 2010

1. Causes of SSHL are deficiency of kidney, pathogen of wind, meridian of soyang and sutaeyang, and pathogen of fire. 2. Four methods are used to treat SSHL, heath cultivation, herbal medicine for internal use, external remedy and acumoxatherapy. 3. Meridians, those are related with treatment of SSHL, are Kidney Meridian(Chok-soyin), Triple energizer Meridian(Shou-soyang), Gallbladder Meridian(Chok-soyang), Large intestine Meridian(Shou-yangmyong) and Small intestine Meridian(Shou-taeyang). 4. Pokrong, Jolrong and Gualrong, those are appeared some oriental documentary records, are not same with SSHL correctly. 5. In oriental medically, Yirong contains SSHL except slow progress. To teat SSHL, it is helpful to investigate method according to each symptoms and conditions in oriental medical documentary records.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제21권
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• pp.73-97
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• 2003

In this paper, I examined the trends of standardization and electronization of trade documents and SWIFT network. Also, I reviewed on emerging electronic documentary credit for electronic payment and electronic presentation of documents. New international trade customs and practices are being established and changed as a result of the growth of the Internet and other on-line networks. At the same time there is increasing pressure to move from existing paper-based documentary credit to electronic documentary credit. Several projects devoted to development of an electronic letter of credit infrastructure have recently been proposed such as Bolero, SWIFTNet, UNeDocs and eUCP, etc. Yet, little can be done until the presentation process is electrified between traders and banks. Also, interbank communication of letters of credit has long been electronic, mainly through the SWIFT. However, it is not functioned between applicant and beneficiary, although the solution of SWIFTNet has recently been developed. The Banking Commission of International Chamber of Commerce established a working group consisting of experts in the related fields to prepare the appropriate rules as a Supplement to UCP 500 for Electronic Presentation: eUCP. The eUCP will provide the necessary rules for the presentation of the electronic equivalents of paper documents under letters of credit. Some problems of electronic presentation under the eUCP, exist such as format, presentation of electronic records and the way of beneficiary's notice for completeness under the Article e5 if more than one record is to be presented electronically by third parties. Therefore, it is encouraged to provide more detailed guide for eUCP Article e5.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.113-122
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• 2011

미디어의 영상은 우리의 생활 속에 일부가 되어있으며, 사람들은 다양한 영상으로부터 정보를 얻기도 하고 판단이나 행동의 근거로 삼기도 한다. 특히 시사다큐멘터리는 사회적으로 중요한 이슈에 대해 정보를 제공할 뿐만 아니라, 찬성과 반대의 의견을 형성시키기도 한다. 영상을 통해서 전달되는 인터뷰는 얼굴 표정, 몸짓 등을 직접 보여줌으로써 신뢰감과 사실성이 뛰어나 강력한 전달 효과를 가지게 된다. 따라서 인터뷰의 영상 표현법의 차이에 따라 수용자에게 전달되는 메시지의 영향력이 다르게 나타날 수 있으므로, 인터뷰 영상의 표현법에 대한 연구는 중요하다. 본 연구는 인터뷰의 영상표현에 대한 실증적 연구를 위하여 국내 3개 방송사의 대표적인 시사다큐멘터리 프로그램에서 각각 5편씩 총 15편을 선택하여, 다큐멘터리에 나오는 인터뷰 샷 전체에 대한 정량적 분석을 시도하였다. 영상표현의 분석틀로 선행연구에서 공통으로 사용된 형태, 색, 움직임, 깊이를 인터뷰영상에 적합하게 유형화하였다. 분석결과 시사다큐멘터리의 인터뷰는 취재원보호를 위한 영상표현이 과반수에 가까웠으며, 샷의 형태는 버스트샷과 함께 클로즈업을 많이 사용되었다. 즉흥적 인터뷰가 많아서 현장 조명을 이용하여 색을 만들었고, 고정된 촬영보다는 핸드헬드 기법을 이용한 움직임이 나타났다. 또한 와이드렌즈의 사용으로 화면의 깊이감은 나타나지 않았다.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제37권
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• pp.89-106
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• 2008

Since the implementation of International Standard Banking Practice(ISBP) in 2003, ICC Publication No. 645 has become an invaluable help to the documentary credit practitioners including banks, companies, transportation and insurance companies etc. However, with the approval of UCP 600 in October 2006, it has become necessary to provide an updated version of the ISBP. It should be emphasized that this ISBP is an updated version as opposed to a revision of ICC Publication No. 645. The new ISBP has been implemented concurrently with UCP 600 since July 1st, 2007. The first necessity was to replace UCP 500 article numbers with those of UCP 600. Second, where it was felt proper, the contents of some paragraphs that appear in ICC Publication No. 645 and that have been covered in UCP 600 have been removed from the updated version of the ISBP. This explains the reduction in the number of paragraphs from 200 to 185. The international standard banking practices documented in the new ISBP are consistent with UCP 600. This ISBP does not amend UCP 600. It explains how the practices articulated in UCP 600 are applied by documentary practitioners. The new ISBP and the UCP 600 should be read in their entirety and not in isolation. It should be kept in mind that any terms in a documentary credit which modifies or excludes the applicability of a provision of UCP 600 may also have an impact on the international standard banking practices. Consequently, when parties concerned must take into account any terms in a documentary credit that expressly modifies or excludes a rule contained in UCP 600.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2014년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.513-515
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• 2014

차세대 영상기술인 Ultra High Definition(이후 UHD)는 보다 높은 임장감을 향해온 제작자와 수용자의 오랜 요구 속에서 태동했다. 역사를 통해 입증되듯이 매체의 변화는 세계를 바라보는 관점과 구체적인 콘텐츠의 변화를 가져왔다. 따라서 UHD의 등장도 독자적인 제작기술이 요구되리라 예상되는 것이다. 이에 본 논문에서는 영상콘텐츠 가운데 다큐멘터리를 중심으로 UHD영상기술에 따른 제작과정의 변화를 연구하고자 한다. 보다 세부적으로 고해상도, 확장된 화면 등의 UHD영상기술이 다큐멘터리 영상제작에서 가져올 변화와 사실성의 전달이라는 다큐멘터리와의 합목적성에 대해 분석하고자 한다. 또한 문제점으로 예상되는 촬영소재의 선택, 방대해진 데이터에 따른 백업과 후반작업 상에서의 개선점에 대해서도 탐구하고자 한다. 이상의 연구계획을 통해 다큐멘터리 제작에서의 UHD영상기술이 가져올 수 있는 발전적 측면을 도출하여 기술의 발전에 따른 콘텐츠 제작의 발전에 기여하고자 한다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.9-17
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• 1985

The pur[pose of this study is to investigate the research method and to provide a guide to the ways in which researcher, interested in costume history, can obtain in formation. There are comparison, induction, observation, awnalysis, experience and synthesis in method of science. Firstly, comparative research is to ascertain the accumulated evidence. Secondly, we can compare with historical phenomenon. A research intend to verify the hypothesis based upon the sources of information. It is an available method to investigate the costumes and adornments in the past. Whatever the approach, the researcher much discribe the facts objectively. Historical research has been approached in many warys in the field of costume. There are visual and documentary sources. Visual sources are paintings, sculptutre, frescoes, coins, potteries, medals, mosaics, wall paintings, stained glasses, seals, tapestries, illustrations, photographs, movies, and fashion dolls. Documentary sources are archives, letters, diaries, literature, wardrobe accounts, sumpturary laws, newspapers, and recollections.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제10권
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• pp.349-375
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• 1997

• 무역상무연구
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• 제9권
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• pp.153-186
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• 1996