• 대한수학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.923-943
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• 1999

In this paper we consider functionals of the empirical age distribution of supercritical Bellman-Harris processes. Let f : R+ longrightarrow R be a measurable function that integrates to zero with respect to the stable age distribution in a supercritical Bellman-Harris process with no extinction. We present sufficient conditions for the asymptotic normality of the mean of f with respect to the empirical age distribution at time t.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.393-399
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• 1998

For minimizing wall thickness thinning of circular shells, a new stamping technology, the deep draw-ing process combined with ironing is approached and investigated. The design requirements for the deep drawing shells are to keep the optimum wall thickness with max. 10 percent thickness thinning of the initial blank thickness, to make uniform thickness strain distribution for the wall of circular shell and to improve the shape accuracy for the roundness and concentricity. In order to check the validity and effectiveness of proposed work, a sample process design is applied to a circular shell needed for a 4multi-stepped deep drawing. Through experiments, the variations of the thickness strain distribution in each drawing process are observed. Also a series of experiments are performed to investigate optimum process variables such as the geometry of tooling, radius and drawing rate. In particular, the advantage of current approach with ironing is shown in contrast to the conventional deep drawing process. From the results of proposed method, the optimum value of process variables are obtained, which contribute more uniform thickness strain distribution and better quality in the drawn product.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.35-47
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• 2021

Purpose: Retailing is a very special sector because it demonstrates the effectiveness of combined products and services to create business values. In this study, the author wants to investigate particular areas in the distribution sciences of the purchasing process in Coopmart (Saigon Coop-Vietnam), which is about sauces and seasoning. Research design, data and methodology: The data were collected by experts of Saigon coop, which first went through the Delphi method to choose criteria and sub-criteria for the Analytic Hierarchical Process (AHP). Results: After a long process of calculation based on AHP, the final supplier is chosen according to experts' interview; Masan is the most potential candidate to be the main supplier of sauces and seasoning to Coop mart. Therefore, it is necessary to apply the typical methods such as quantitative analysis of this process - AHP. With the aim of increasing the computational content of the evaluation process suppliers, especially the comparison of suppliers in the same industry as AHP has shown. This enables analyses of all the providers to be more scientific. Conclusions: Thus, this paper would help the facility managers ensure objectives to the reasonable decision, which can be based on AHP to get more information, implement plans and get strategic collaboration with suppliers.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.155-170
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• 1997

We propose an integer-valued MA(q) process with Poisson disturbance. Its various properties are discussed such as the joint distribution, time reversibility and regression. We derive the asymptotic distribution of autocovariance function and estimators of the parameters in the suggested model. We also consider the relationship between INMA(q) and M/D/.infty. processes.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.191-206
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• 2013

Application areas for Lifetime Performance Index(LPI), a kind of process capability index to be frequently used as a means of measuring process performance are illustrated with examples. Statistical properties for maximum likelihood and unbiased estimators of LPI are evaluated and discussed under Weibull distribution with known shape parameter. Furthermore, guidelines for selecting an estimator of LPI are also presented.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.179-193
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• 2012

The hydration of cement contributes to the performance characteristics of concrete, such as strength and durability. In order to improve the utilization efficiency of cement and its early properties, the particle size distribution (PSD) of cement varies considerably, and the effects of the particle size distribution of cement on the hydration process should be considered. In order to evaluate effects of PSD separately, experiments testing the isothermal heat generated during the hydration of cements with different particle size distributions but the same chemical composition have been carried out. The measurable hydration depth for cement hydration was proposed and deduced based on the experimental results, and a PSD hydration model was developed in this paper for simulating the effects of particle size distribution on the hydration process of cement. First, a reference hydration rate was derived from the isothermal heat generated by the hydration of ordinary Portland cement. Then, the model was extended to take into account the effect of water-to-cement ratio, hereinafter which was referred to as PSD hydration model. Finally, the PSD hydration model was applied to simulate experiments measuring the isothermal heat generated by the hydration of cement with different particle size distributions at different water-to-cement ratios. This showed that the PSD hydration model had simulated the effects of particle size distribution and water-to-cement ratio on the hydration process of cement with satisfactory accuracy.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.639-645
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• 2013

The aim of the study is to investigate the method to estimate a storage life of propelling charge on the decrease of muzzle velocity by stochastic gamma process model. It is required to establish criterion for state failure to estimate the storage life and it is defined in this paper as a muzzle velocity difference between reference value and maximum allowable standard deviation multiplied by 6. The relationship between storage time and muzzle velocity is investigated by nonlinear regression analysis. The stochastic gamma process model is used to estimated the state distribution and the life distribution for storage time for 155mm propelling charge KM4A2 because the regression analysis is a deterministic method and it can't describe the distribution of life for storage time.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.129-137
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• 1994

A rigid-viscoplastic finite element method has been used for modeling superplastic stretch/blow process design to improve thickness distribution. Punch velocity-time relationship of the stretch forming and pressure-time cycle of the blow forming for a given strain rate are calculated. A superplastic material is assumed to be isotropic and a plane-strain line element based on membrane approximation is employed for the formulation. The effects of the width, corner radius and height of the punch during stretch forming are examined for the final thickness distribution, and the process design to improve thickness distribution can be established.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2016

The law of large numbers, central limit theorem, and connection among binomial distribution, normal distribution, and statistical estimation require dynamics of continuous visualization for students' better understanding of the concepts. During this visualization process, the differences and similarities between statistical probability and mathematical probability that students should observe need to be provided with the intermediate steps in the converging process. We propose a visualization method that can integrate intermediate processes and results through Excel. In this process, students' experiences with dynamic visualization help them to perceive that the results are continuously changed and extracted from multiple situations. Considering modeling as a key process, we developed a classroom exercise using Excel to estimate the population mean and standard deviation by using a sample mean computed from a collection of data out of the population through sampling.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2004년도 Asia Display / IMID 04
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• pp.487-490
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• 2004

In order to simulate OLED evaporation process, modeling of directional distribution of the vaporized organic materials, film thickness distribution profile and pattern-mask shadow effect are required In accordance with many literatures; all of them except shadow effect modeling are studied and developed. In this paper, modeling algorithm of evaporation shadow is presented for process simulation of full-color OLED evaporating system. In OLED evaporating process the offset position of the point cell-source against the substrate rotation axis and the usage of the patterned mask are the principal causes for evaporation shadow. For geometric simulation of shadow using z-map, the film thickness profile, which is condensed on a glass substrate, is converted to the z-map data. In practical evaporation process, the glass substrate is rotated. This physical fact is solved and modeled mathematically for z-map simulation. After simulating the evaporation process, the z-map data can present the shadow-effected film thickness profile. Z-map is an efficient method in that the cross-sectional presentations of the film thickness profile and thickness distribution evaluation are easily and rapidly achieved.