• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.195-207
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• 2016

In this study, we examined the influence of the pigment characteristic and dyeing condition on dyeing properties and functionality by using Perilla Frutescens L. Britt extracts, in which ethanol, distilled water and NaOH solution were used as 3 different solvents. Changes in dyeing conditions include variations in dye concentration, dyeing temperature, time and pH on dye uptake, and K/S values were compared according to these changes. Additionally, color changes were observed according to the use and types of mordant. Ultraviolet-visible spectrum was utilized to investigate the pigment characteristic, and as a result, chlorophyll was identified in ethanol extract, whereas tannin was identified both in distilled water extract and NaOH solution extract. By using FT-IR analysis, these tannins in distilled-water-extract and NaOH solution extract were verified to be hydrolyzable tannin. When dyeing silk, dye uptake increased as dye concentration, dyeing temperature and time increased, while it decreased as pH of the extract increased. Fabrics dyed without a mordant produced Y-series colors, and fabrics dyed with mordants showed various colors depending on the mordant types. Even though color fastness to washing and light was unsatisfactory, fastness to rubbing and perspiration showed relatively high grade. Moreover, deodorant ability of dyed fabric improved.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제39권7호
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• pp.642-648
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 TiCl$_4$를 가수분해 시켜 제조한 비정질의 titanium hydrous gel과 Ba(OH)$_2$.8$H_2O$를 출발물질로 사용하였으며, 반응용매로써 1,4-butanediol과 distilled water를 이용하여 나노 사이즈 BaTiO$_3$분말을 제조하였다. 용매로써 사용된 1,4-butanediol과 distilled water의 부피비에 따라 입자의 크기를 조절할 수 있으며, 습식화학법의 단점이었던 분말의 응집을 최소화 시킬 수 있다. 그리고 22$0^{\circ}C$의 비교적 낮은 반응온도에서 분산성이 우수하고, 입도분포가 좁은 약 50~200nm의 barium titanate 나노 분말을 제조하였다.

• 약학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.490-494
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• 2005

The objective of this study is to provide the basic information for developing a high-value ginseng product using ginseng saponin and prosapogenin. In order to achieve such aim, Ginsenoside compositions of black ginseng (BG) extracts with various solvent conditions were examined by HPLC. The total saponin and the prosapogenin content of 95$\%$ ethyl alcohol extract were higher than that of the either 50$\%$ ethyl alcohol extract or distilled water extract. As a result, the order of the total saponin and the prosapogenin content was 1) 95$\%$ ethyl alcohol,2) 50$\%$ ethyl alcohol,3) the first and second mixture of 95$\%$ ethyl alcohol, distilled water, and 4) distilled water extract. In the case of fine black ginseng (FBG), the first and second mixture extracts of 95$\%$ ethyl alcohol and distilled water were the highest. In addition, the ratio of the protopanaxadiol group and the protopanaxatriol group (PD/PT) showed that the ratio of BG ranged from 0.304 to 0.601, while the ratio of FBG ranged from 1.166 to 1.657.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.3137-3146
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• 1973

This study was to investigate the effects of compaction, compressive strength and Atterberg limits in accordance with the temperatures changes. It was conducted on four soils-KJ, JJ, MH, SS-at temperatures of -1, 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, 19, $22^{\circ}C$. These tests were obtained the maximum dry density and the optimum moisture content of four soils in accordance with temperature changes by using distilled water and $CaCl_2$ 10% solution, and were put to the compressive strength tests on remolded specimens of soils compacted at the optimum moisture content. The result of the study can be summarized as follows; The maximum dry density increased with an increase in temperature, and the use of $CaCl_2$ 10% solution had higher maximum dry density than distilled water. The optimum moisture content decreased with an increase in temperature, and the use of $CaCl_2$ 10% solution had lower optimum moisture content than distilled water. The maximum compressive strength was shown high peak from $7^{\circ}C\;to\;15^{\circ}C$, and the use of $CaCl_2$ 10% solution had higher maximum compressive strength than distilled water. The liquid limit and plasticity index decreased with an increased in temperature. It is estimated that the use of $CaCl_2$ 10% solution can lower the minimum compacted temperature from $2^{\circ}C\;to\;4^{\circ}C$ in low temperature.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.120-132
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• 2020

Objectives: Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is defined as severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy (NVP) with weight loss, ketonuria, and electrolyte imbalance. Many NVP or HG patients get hard to take herbal medicine since the smell and taste of it. Therefore, the distilled herbal medicines are often used in clinical practice. A 32-year-old, 14-week pregnant female was admitted for 3 weeks at a Korean medicine hospital. She was experiencing HG accompanied by 19.61% (10 kg) weight loss, ketonuria, and electrolyte imbalance. The patient received Bosaeng-tang gagambang in its distilled form, acupuncture, electro-acupuncture, sticker needles, cupping, moxibustion, and hydration during admission. The severity and frequency of NVP, weight loss, and ketonuria significantly improved without any side effects. Before the therapy, she admitted to two obstetrics and gynecology hospitals, 1 week each, with no improvement. This case presents the therapeutic potential of Korean medicine including herbal medicine in its diluted form for HG and NVP.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.43-56
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• 2004

Objectives : In order to investigate effects and immune improvement of distilled red-ginseng herbal Acupuncture, expression of Cox-1, Cox-2, and mRNA of Bcl-2 and Bax were analyzed in A549 cell in vivo. Survival time and expression of cytokine mRNA were measured for the mice with Sarcoma-180 induced abdominal cancer. Methods : Balb/c mouse was treated with distilled red-ginseng Herbal Acupuncture at Wisu($BL_{21}$) and Chung- wan($CV_{12}$) to investigate anti-cancer effects and immune response. Results : 1. For expression of mRNA of Cox-1 using RT-PCR, the control group and the experiment groups didn't show significant differences. For Cox-2, both experiment groups and the normal group showed significant differences. 2. For expression of mRNA of Bcl-2 using RT-PCR, experiment groups showed slight decrease compared to the control group. For Bax, no significant changes were shown between the control group and experiment groups. 3. For survival time, all of experiment groups showed 11.1% increase compared to the control group. 4. For IL-2 and IL-4 productivity using Flow cytometry, all of experiment groups didn't show any significance. 5. For IL-2 productivity using ELISA, all of experiment groups didn't show any significance. 6. For expression of cytokine mRNA using RT-PCR, significant increase of IL.-2 and IL-4 were witnessed in the experiment group II compared to the control group. Significant increase of IL-10 was shown in all off experiment groups compared to the control group. Conclusion : According to the results, we can expect that distilled red-ginseng Herbal Acupuncture may be further effccts in anti-cancer and immune improvement if increasing concentration.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.97-108
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• 2005

Objectives : This study was to verify the effects of distilled cultivated wild ginseng herbal acupuncture(CWGHA) on diabetes by hematological analysis. Methods : Rats were fed with high fat diet for 8 weeks and the rats with hyperglycemia were selected for the experiment. Various treatments of distilled cultivated wild ginseng herbal acupuncture were administered intravenously and glucose, ${\beta}-lipoprotein,$ triglyceride, total-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, Free Fatty acid(FFA), TBARS, superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities in the liver were analyzed. Results : 1. Experiment group 3(0.1 ml of CWGHA was injected intravenously 10 times) showed significant decrease in serum glucose, ${\beta}-lipoprotein,$ triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol levels and liver TBARS compared to the control group, whileas showed significant increase in liver glutathione peroxidase activity. 2. Experiment group 2 and 3 (treated with 0.5 ml, 1 ml, respectively), showed significant decrease in serum FFA, total cholesterol and TBARS levels compared to the control group, and showed significant increase in liver superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. 3. Serum HDL-cholesterol didn't show significant changes in both experiment and control groups. Conclusions : Above results indicate that distilled cultivated wild ginseng herbal acupuncture plays significant role as a hypoglycemic agent and in lipid metabolism. Increase in the number of administrations yielded more significant results.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.820-826
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• 2012

청송약수가 가진 Ca, Mg 등의 풍부한 미네랄 성분을 면 제조에 이용하기 위한 기초연구를 하였다. 실험결과를 증류수와 수돗물을 이용한 면과 비교하였다. 약수로 제조한 면을 증류수로 조리한 실험 결과, 중량, 부피, 수분흡수율, 탁도, 명도(L)에서 가장 큰 값을 보였으며, 적색도(a)는 가장 큰 음의 값을 나타내었다. 이는 약수를 이용할 때에 증류수나 수돗물보다 더 큰 중량, 부피, 수분흡수율, 탁도, 명도를 가진 초록색을 띤 조리된 면을 만들 수 있었다. 분산분석 결과, 중량과 부피에서 증류수로 제조된 면과 유의한 차이를 보였으며, 수분흡수율, 탁도, 명도(L), 적색도(a), 황색도(b)에서 증류수, 수돗물로 제조된 면과 유의한 차이를 보였다. 또한 시판 칼국수의 조리에 약수를 이용한 결과, 중량과 적색도(a)에서 증류수, 수돗물로 조리된 면과 유의한 차이를 보였으며, 무게, 부피, 명도(L)에서 증류수로 조리된 면과 유의한 차이를 보였다.

• 한국가금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가금학회 2006년도 제23차 정기총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.69-72
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• 2006

To investigate the manufacturing methods of surimi-like materials (SLM) from breast muscle of spent hen, the muscles were diced, chopped and washed with distilled water or sodium chloride solution at 0.1, 0.5 and 1% level and then washed with distilled water to extract myofibrillar protein. When used only distilled water to extract myofibrillar protein, washing was repeated 3 times followed by homogenization and centrifugation of breast muscle after each washing (CM; conventional method). Whereas, to extract myofibrillar protein using sodium chloride solution had sufficient to do 2 times washing by distilled water after 1 time washing by sodium chloride followed by homogenization and centrifugation of breast muscle after each washing (NM; new method). The both batter and cooked SLM gel from NM had significantly (p<0.05) lower redness compared with CM. Again, SDS-PAGE with sarcoplasmic protein fractions showed that the bands of phosphorylase had increased staining intensity in NM compared with CM. These results indicated that the brightness was related to sarcoplasmic protein fractions. SDS-PAGE with myofibrillar protein showed that the bands of myosin had increased staining intensity in NM compared with CM. Data implied that myofibrillar protein extraction with sodium chloride solution had the better adaptability for the breast muscle of spent hen then the commonly used distilled water method.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.859-871
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of the pigment characteristic and changes in dying conditions on the dying properties by extracting Chelidonium majus var. asiaticum using distilled water and ethanol as solvents. Changes in dying conditions include variations in dye concentrations, dyeing temperatures and time on dye uptake, and K/S Value was compared according to these changes. Additionally, color changes were observed through mordant. Ultraviolet-visible spectrum was used to investigate the pigment characteristic, and as a result, tannin was identified in distilled-water-extract, whereas berberine and chlorophyll were identified in ethanol-extract. In FT-IR analysis, tannin in distilled-water-extract was verified as hydrolyzable tannin. For ethanol extract, chlorophyll was verified through absorption band of C-H, which is aliphatic spectrum around $2920cm^{-1}$ and $2850cm^{-1}$. From GC/MS analysis, oil components as well as terpine compounds were detected in ethanol-extract, and this, in turn, brings expectation regarding functionality. When dying in silk, dye uptake increased as concentration of the extract increased, and the optimum dyeing temperature and time were $40^{\circ}C$ and 60 minutes respectively. Dyed fabrics' colors were all basically Y-series colors, and adjustment in brightness and revelation of khaki color were also available depending on the type of the mordant. Color fastness, except for washing fastness, was good in silk dyed with distilled-water-extract. Thus, it can be concluded that by selecting the right extracting method and by doing proper dyeing and mordant according to the needs, these dyed fabrics can be used as eco-friendly, functional clothing material.