• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07c
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• pp.1627-1628
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• 2006

In this paper, mesoporous only platinum electrode and micro pore platinum electrode with mesoporous Pt are fabricated and characterized on a silicon substrate to check their usability as enzymeless sensing electrodes for developing non-disposable glucose sensors integrated with silicon CMOS read out circuitry. Since most of electrochemical glucose sensors are disposable due to the use of the enzymes that are living creatures, these are limited to use in the in-vivo and continuous monitoring system applications. The proposed mesoporous Pt electrode with approximately 2.5nm in pore diameter and 150nm in height was fabricated by using a nonionic surfactant $C_{16}EO_8$ and an electroplating technique. The micro pore Pt electrode with mesoporous Pt means the mesoporous Pt electrode fabricated on top of micro pore arrayed Pt electrode with approximately $10{\mu}m$ in pore diameter and $80{\mu}m$ in height. The measured current responses at 10mM glucose solution of plane Pt, micro pore Pt, micro pore with mesoporus Pt, and mesoporous Pt electrodes are approximately $9.9nA/mm^2$, $92.4nA/mm^2$, $3320nA/mm^2$ and $44620nA/mm^2$, respectively. These data indicate that the mesoporous Pt electrode is much more sensitive than the other Pt electrodes. Thus, it is promising for non-disposable glucose sensor and electrochemical sensor applications.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.37 no.8
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• pp.1117-1129
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• 2013

The sizing system for Korean Standard of Disposable Protective Coveralls (DPC) uses the ISO sizing system without modification even though the user suitability for Koreans is unverified. This study provides useful information to improve the size standard of Korean DPC by analyzing measurement DPC data from Korean men and women. The distribution of Korean measurements shows that the size sections were unsuitable for Korean men and women for a protective clothing size standard. Body types were categorized into five types based on a cluster analysis of representative men's and women's measurement factors. Two clusters mostly consisted of men, two other clusters mostly consisted of women, and the other cluster relatively evenly consisted of men and women. Therefore, characteristic body measurements and measurement distribution differences were identifiable for men and women. In conclusion, an unmodified ISO protective clothing size standard is unsuitable for Korean men and women and may cause fit problems. This study shows that a Korean Standard of protective clothing is beneficial for protective clothing manufacturers and wearers if smaller size intervals are added for women and the difference in the distribution of men and women is reflected in the current sizing system. ISO is appropriate to use a Korean Standard in this global era, however, it should be reviewed to provide improved Korean data.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.157-168
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• 2021

As a recent global economic trend, the subscription economy is rapidly expanding along with the growth of non-face-to-face online shopping. This study tried to verify the factors influencing online subscription for disposable consumer goods through behavioral reasoning theory. 344 questionnaire responses were collected through a survey in Korea and empirical analysis was performed. As a result of the analysis, value of openness was found to have a positive effect on attitude, reason for adoption and reason against adoption. Reason for adoption showed a positive effect on attitude and adoption intention. Reason against adoption showed a negative effect on attitude but it has no impact on adoption intention. Attitude showed a positive effect on adoption intention. Finally price consciousness and quality barrier was found to the most important factors of reason for adoption and reason against adoption respectively. The results of this study can contribute to subscription companies establishing their marketing strategies. Future research can be conducted with various subscription products and additional variables.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.153-162
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was assessed to investigate the change of subjective and/or objective symptoms and the light transmittance of lens caused by the use longer than recommended wearing time of daily disposable circle contact lenses (circle lens) in dry eyes. Methods: Three daily disposable circle lenses made of etafilcon A, hilafilcon B, and nelfilcon A were applied on 30 dry eyes with smaller tear volume than normal eyes in their twenties free from any eye diseases by when subjects complained any kind of discomfort. On the first and the last days of lens wearing, subjective discomfort, blinking rate, lens centration on corneal surface and visible light transmittance of lens were recorded at every case and compared. Results: The circle lens wearers complained subjective discomfort and quit the lens wearing when they wore the circle lens longer than 10 hours even though there were some difference according to the lens materials of daily disposable circle lens. However, around 20% of dry eyes could wear the circle lens made of non-ionic materials longer than 40 hours. Dry eyes showed most sensitive feeling of subjective discomfort against the circle lens made of etafilcon A among three different lens materials. On the last day of lens wearing, the representative subjective discomforts were irritation, stiffness, dryness and tiredness. When the subjects wore circle lens more than the recommended time, blinking rate was significantly increased about 20~30% regardless of lens materials when it compared with the values right after lens wearing. On the last day of lens wearing, the vertical direction of lens centration was shifted to pupil center however, its distribution in horizontal direction was wide compared with the distribution right after lens wearing. Especially, the centration of etafilcon A lens was unstable. Furthermore, the visible light transmittance of 3 different circle lenses in dry eyes has significantly been reduced around 15% averaged. Conclusions: From these results, it was known that the increase of dryness and stiffness caused by overusage of daily disposable circle lens induced excess irritation and decreased visible light transmittance and caused significant more blinking, which provoked lens decentration. It was also revealed that dry eyes showed sensitive reaction subjectively and objectively against the overusage of circle lens made of high water content/ionic lens material even there were some difference of the degree depending on the individual and the lens material. Thus, this research can be suggested as the basic reference for the education about some unexpected problems and the side effect caused by the wearing of circle lens in dry eyes.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.1881-1883
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• 2009

• 한국디지털정책학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.129-144
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• 2004

The purpose of this paper is to identify current trends in the sport industry in Korea, U.S. and Japan and to also analyze the potential of the sport industry in the 21st Century. This paper analyzes the current sport related index of Korea, U.S. and Japan and the effect of scientific development. Scientific development has provided prosperity to modern societies and has thus increased the personal disposable income and leisure time available to people living in these societies, Many people spend their?leisure time on sports related activities and the number is growing day by day and this situation makes the sports market a very attractive and important business sector in the world. Considering the increase of household income and leisure time and the introduction of a five-day working week system, the sports market potential growth will be considerable and it is certain the demand for sports related activities, services and products will also show increases in the 21st Century. This paper estimates that sports expenditures could be estimated at $10 billion in Korea, $150 billion in U.S and 4.3 billion yen in Japan. The general trends currently in action in the sport industry estimate that these numbers are growing rapidly and the relative importance of the sport industry among all industries is becoming one of the most important new emerging markets in the world.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.167-174
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• 2010

This paper aims to examine the status of sizing specifications for disposable sanitary pads on the market and to offer information on product design that reflect the requests of consumer by gathering opinion through the practical experience of consumers. Seventy-six varieties of sanitary pads on market are measured and the evaluations of wearing comfort were investigated by the questionnaire and interview for sixty three varieties of sanitary pads. As a result, they were classified into five sizes related with length but vaguely related with thickness and width. Thickness is distinguished by the compressibility that is marked as slim or ultra slim by the same brand. However, there is no sizing consistency for all products. The result shows that there is some confusion for consumers to choose desired sizes, In addition, the perception of wearing is categorized into four factors that are product performance, size and fit, wearing feeling and margin of action, and adhesive property and wrapping. The manufacturing specifications for the sanitary pads on domestic market, the requests of consumers for sanitary pad design modifications, and proposals for follow-up studies were figured out through this research.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.19-31
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• 2001

This study examined the effect of environmental alteration and prompts on recycling behavior. An A-B-BC with a control condition design was employed. Subjects in this study were college students, professors, and employees at a university building. After a baseline phase, environmental alteration was I effect in the next phase and both environmental alteration and prompts were in effect in the final phase for the control condition. The environmental alteration consisted of providing four separation containers for the paper cups, cans recyclable paper, and the disposable on each floor in the building. The prompts consisted of providing the information about the importance of environmental preservation and how to separate the materials in the appropriate containers using an information board and pamphlets. The dependent variables were (1) the number of cans collected in can container, (2) the number of paper cups collected in cup container, (3) the rate of correct separation of cans, (4) the rate of correct separation of paper cups, and (5) the weight of disposable. The rates of correct separations of cans and paper cups were obtained by calculating the percentage of thenumber of recyclable cans and paper cups in the corresponding containers. The results indicated that environmental alteration had positive effects on all the dependent variables. Also, when the prompts were added to the environmental alteration, the incremental effect of the prompts was demonstrated. The implications and limitations of theses findings were discussed and the direction of future studies was also proposed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.457-467
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• 2015

The demand for coverall-type protective clothing are increasing in many industrial fields; however, it is impossible to evaluate the wearers' apparel fit because there is no commercialized pattern in the market. This study produces a manual for the process of acquiring patterns by separating PPE products into pieces to provide information on acquiring patterns. The analysis was on coverall-type non woven protective clothing in the domestic market, and 4 panels examined the validity, reliability, and efficiency of various possible methods on each step of process. Five steps were conducted to acquire patterns removing wrinkles, marking seams lines, separating seams, and pattern completing. The process of converting these into pattern files was designed through three procedures of digitizing, editing, and exporting and detailed stages. Fitting tests were undertaken, real patterns by actual modeling and pattern files by virtual modeling; all showed similar forms with outfits wearing ready-made protective coveralls. This study sought the most efficient and objective method of virtual modeling and proposed it as a manual. It is expected for the pattern reverse-designing manual through products analysis presented in this study that would be a helpful addition of information to the pattern tracing of pattern-less clothing products.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.261-272
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• 2014

Home appliances go through a couple of packaging stages from the plant to consumers. The primary packaging, inner packaging for each part, happens for protection after products leave the plant. The secondary packaging happens in the unit of product, ensuring cushioning packaging to protect products from movement. The final tertiary packaging is for transportation and delivery. Each stage of product packaging, however, costs a lot of money because of disposable packaging materials used in each stage including vinyl, tapes, Styrofoam, and corrugated cardboards. Discarded packaging materials also cause environmental problems. In an effort to come up with a measure to solve those problems, this study proposed a plan to minimize logistics costs with semi-permanent packaging materials to replace disposable ones including Styrofoam, vinyl, and corrugated cardboards in the stages of inner packaging, cushioning packaging, product unit-based packaging, and transportation. The study also developed a model to cut down logistics costs by reducing various packaging stages including the primary, secondary, and tertiary stage only to the secondary one through module-type products instead of the transportation- and delivery-type ones, as well as demonstrated the excellence of the study through numerical analysis.