• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제85권4호
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• pp.302-312
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• 2022

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex and heterogeneous disease. Not all patients with COPD respond to available drugs. Identifying respondents to therapy is critical to delivering the most appropriate treatment and avoiding unnecessary medication. Recognition of individual patients' dominant characteristics by phenotype is a useful tool to better understand their disease and tailor treatment accordingly. To look for a suitable phenotype, it is important to understand what makes COPD complex and heterogeneous. The pathology of COPD includes small airway disease and/or emphysema. Thus, COPD is not a single disease entity. In addition, there are two types (panlobular and centrilobular) of emphysema in COPD. The coexistence of different pathological subtypes could be the reason for the complexity and heterogeneity of COPD. Thus, it is necessary to look for the phenotype based on the difference in the underlying pathology. Review of the literature has shown that clinical manifestation and therapeutic response to pharmacological therapy are different depending on the presence of computed tomography-defined airway wall thickening in COPD patients. Defining the phenotype of COPD based on the underlying pathology is encouraging as most clinical manifestations can be distinguished by the presence of increased airway wall thickness. Pharmacological therapy has shown significant effect on COPD with airway wall thickening. However, it has limited use in COPD without an airway disease. The phenotype of COPD based on the underlying pathology can be a useful tool to better understand the disease and adjust treatment accordingly.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.521-529
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• 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the factors affecting periodontal disease-related symptoms in adolescents using raw data from the 16th (2020) online survey on adolescent health. Methods: Data were collected from the survey entries, and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 21.0. A multi-sample chi-square test was performed to determine periodontal disease-related symptoms according to demographic characteristics, lifestyles, exercise habits, and psychological factors. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine factors affecting periodontal disease-related symptoms. Results: Periodontal disease-related symptoms were higher in female, high school-age adolescents, and those with lower economic status. Increased alcohol intake, having breakfast 3 days or less a week, ingesting sweet drinks and fast food three or more times a week, and zero water intake were found to have a greater effect on periodontal disease-related symptoms. Higher levels of stress, fewer hours of sleep, and feeling less healthy were also factors leading to increased periodontal disease-related symptoms. Conclusions: Adolescents have various factors that are associated with periodontal disease. A method to reduce rates of periodontal disease in adolescents should be developed, along with a school oral health education program.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.217-226
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• 2009

1. Objective To investigate characteristics of menstrual patterns according to Sasang Constitutional disease, and to utilize for diagnosis and treatment of Sasang Constitutional disease. 2. Method The recruited subjects were 430 women who convinced their Sasang Constitution by taking herbal medicine and improving of chief complaint. The items of data contain age at menarche, age at menopause, menstrual cycle, menstrual duration, cyclic regularity of menstruation, severity of menstrual pain, the worst day of menstrual pain, type of menstrual pain, amount of menstruation. 3. Results 1) Severity of menstrual pain, the worst day of menstrual pain, menstrual pain accompanied with nausea were significant among Sasang Constitutional diseases. 2) In Bae-chu-pyo-byeong disease (背椎表病證), Wi-wan-han disease (胃院寒證), So-eum disease (少陰證) and Tae-eum disease (太陰證), menstrual pain was severer than other diseases. 3) In Hae-yeok disease and So-yang-sang-pung disease (少陽傷風證), the worst day of menstrual pain was a day before menstruation. In Hyung-gyeok-yeol disease (胸膈熱證), Tae-eum disease (太陰證), So-eum disease (少陰證), the frequency of a day after menstruation in the worst day of menstrual pain was higher than other diseases. In Wi-wan-han disease (胃院寒證), Mang-yang disease (亡陽證), the frequency of two day after menstruation in the worst day of menstrual pain was higher than other diseases. 4) In So-yang-sang-pung disease (少陽傷風證), Mang-eum disease (亡陰證), Eum-heo-o-yeol diasese (陰虛午熱證), Ul-gwang disease (鬱狂證), Tae-eum disease (太陰證), So-eum disease (少陰證), the frequency of menstrual pain accompanied with nausea were higher than other diseases. 4. Conclusion Menstrual patterns, especially menstrual pain is different among Sasang Constitutional diseases. Assessing menstrual pain can be used for diagnosing Sasang Constitutional diseases, deciding treatment course, determinating prognosis.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.357-365
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• 2021

Purpose: A change in diagnosis from ulcerative colitis (UC) to Crohn's disease (CD) has been reported in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease; however, only a few clinical characteristics and predictors of this diagnostic change have been reported. We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics of patients with UC who underwent a change in diagnosis to CD and identify variables associated with the change. Methods: The medical records of pediatric patients with UC who were followed up at the National Center for Child Health and Development between 2006 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical data on disease phenotype, laboratory parameters, endoscopic findings, and treatment of patients whose diagnosis changed to CD (cCD) were compared to those of patients whose diagnosis remained UC (rUC). Results: Among the 111 patients initially diagnosed with UC, 11 (9.9%) patients were subsequently diagnosed with CD during follow-up. There was no significant difference between the cCD and rUC groups in terms of sex, age at initial diagnosis, and the extent and severity of disease at initial diagnosis. Albumin and hemoglobin levels were significantly lower in the cCD group than in the rUC group. The proportion of patients who required biologics was significantly higher in the cCD group than in the rUC group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Approximately 10% children initially diagnosed with UC were subsequently diagnosed with CD. Hypoalbuminemia and anemia at initial diagnosis and use of biologics could be predictors of this diagnostic change.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.471-480
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• 1998

This study was undertaken in order to estimate the accuracy of disease code of the Korean National Medical Insurance Data and disease the characteristics related to the accuracy. To accomplish these objectives, 2,431 cases coded as notifiable acute communicable diseases (NACD) were randomly selected from 1994 National Medical Insurance data file and family medicine specialists reviewed the medical records to confirm the diagnostic accuracy and investigate the related factors. Major findings obtained from this study are as follows : 1. The accuracy rate of disease code of NACD in National Medical Insurance data was very low, 10.1% (95% C.I. : 8.8-11.4). 2. The reasons of inaccuracy in disease code were 1) claiming process related administrative error by physician and non-physician personnel in medical institutions (41.0%), 2) input error of claims data by key punchers of National Medical Insurer (31.3%) and 3) diagnostic error by physicians (21.7%). 3. Characteristics significantly related with lowering the accuracy of disease code were location and level of the medical institutions in multiple logistic regression analysis. Medical institutions in Seoul showed lower accuracy than those in Kyonngi, and so did general hospitals, hospitals and clinics than tertiary hospitals. Physician related characteristics significantly lowering disease code accuracy of insurance data were sex, age group and specialty. Male physicians showed significantly lower accuracy than female physicians; thirties and fortieg age group also showed significantly lower accuracy than twenties, and so did general physicians and other specialists than internal medicine/pediatric specialists. This study strongly suggests that a series of policies like 1) establishment of peer review organization of National Medical Insurance data, 2) prompt nation-wide expansion of computerized claiming network of National Medical Insurance and 3) establishment and distribution of objective diagnostic criteria to physicians are necessary to set up a national disease surveillance system utilizing National Medical Insurance claims data.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.30-38
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• 2019

Background: Police officers' stress perception, frequency of stressful events (stressors), and police work characteristics may contribute to poor sleep quality through different mechanisms. Methods: We investigated associations of stress severity (measured by stress rating score) and frequency of stressors with sleep quality and examined the influence of police work characteristics including workload, police rank, prior military experience, and shift work on the associations. Participants were 356 police officers (256 men and 100 women) enrolled in the Buffalo Cardio-Metabolic Occupational Police Stress Study from 2004 to 2009. A mean stress rating score and mean frequency of stressors occurring in the past month were computed for each participant from the Spielberger Police Stress Survey data. Sleep quality was assessed using the global score derived from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index survey. Linear associations of the stress rating score and frequency of stressors with sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index global score) were tested. Age, sex, race/ethnicity, and smoking status were selected as potential confounders. Results: The stress rating score was positively and independently associated with poor sleep quality (${\beta}=0.17$, p = 0.002). Only workload significantly modified this association (${\beta}=0.23$, p = 0.001 for high workload group; p-interaction = 0.109). The frequency of stressors was positively and independently associated with poor sleep quality (${\beta}=0.13$, p = 0.025). Only police rank significantly modified the association (${\beta}=0.007$, p = 0.004 for detectives/other executives; p-interaction = 0.076). Conclusion: Both police officers' perception of stress severity and the frequency of stressors are associated with poor sleep quality. Stress coping or sleep promotion regimens may be more beneficial among police officers reporting high workloads.

• 대한중풍순환신경학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.32-40
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• 2011

Objective : The aim of this study was to examine Differences of overall characteristics depending on Symptom Severity in Acute Stroke Patient Method : We studied hospitalized patients within 10days after their ictus who were admitted at Kyunghee University Oriental Medical Center from May 2011 to October 2011. We compared the general characteristics of acute stroke patient according to Scandinavian Stroke Scale score Result : The patient who had mild severity show significant difference for FBS, PP2, Homocysteine, Exercise, Tongue color, Mouth dryness, Chest discomfort, Constipation, Stool hardness. Conclusion : The above result contribute to predict severity of stroke symtoms according to risk factor and general condition of patients. Also, After occurrence of stroke, We will can block worsening of symptoms progression. Further studies will be needed to observation of follow up studies about progression of stroke among acute stroke patients with a serious disability.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.419-422
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• 2011

Severe tick infestation was found in a hare in a suburban area of Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China. We sampled ticks and identified them based on their morphologic characteristics. Three species, Ixodes sinensis, which is commonly found in China and can experimentally transmit Borreliia burgdorferi, Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides, and Haemaphysalis longicornis which can transmit Lyme disease were detected with an optical microscope and a stereomicroscope. Risk of spreading ticks from suburban to urban areas exists due to human transportation and travel between the infested and non-infested areas around Nanchang.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.203-217
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• 2000

This review describes the overall knowledges of parkinson's disease. There are involved the causes. chemical characteristics, clinical features including tremor. bradykinesia, and rigidity. evaluation of movement disorders. and physical therapy of parkinson's disease. People who are diagnosed with parkinson's disease experience movement disorders that, if not managed, can lead to considerable disability. Before treated with parkinson's disease, it is important to recognise the pathogenesis of that. Then we need to develop physiotherapeutic programs based on the pathophysiology of parkinson's disease.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a global pandemic for over 2 years. During the Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant-predominant period in South Korea, confirmed cases among children and adolescents surged. This review found that, although younger children may be less susceptible to COVID-19 than adolescents, more research is needed on the role of children and adolescents in the disease's spread. Detailed epidemiological information about the transmissibility of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) strain in children and adolescents is currently scarce, and more research is needed on the role of children and adolescents in disease's spread. There may be a difference in the proportion of cases with severe disease requiring hospitalization depending on the dominant mutant strain; however, COVID-19 generally presents with a mild-to-moderate course in children aged 5-11 years old.