• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.157-163
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• 2022

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD), which encompasses alcoholic steatosis, alcoholic hepatitis, and alcoholic cirrhosis, is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although the economic and health impacts of ALD are clear, few advances have been made in its prevention or treatment. We recently demonstrated that the insect-derived antimicrobial peptide CopA3 exerts anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory activities in various cell systems, including neuronal cells and colonic epithelial cells. Here, we tested whether CopA3 inhibits ethanol-induced liver injury in mice. Mice were intraperitoneally injected with ethanol only or ethanol plus CopA3 for 24 h and then liver injury and inflammatory responses were measured. Ethanol enhanced the production of proinflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, interferon (IFN)-γ, and IL-10. It also induced hepatocyte apoptosis and ballooning degeneration in hepatocytes. Notably, all these effects were eliminated or significantly reduced by CopA3 treatment. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that CopA3 ameliorates ethanol-induced liver cell damage and inflammation, suggesting the therapeutic potential of CopA3 for treating ethanol-induced liver injury.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.9
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• pp.77-90
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• 2023

Today, crops face many characteristics/diseases. Insect damage is one of the main characteristics/diseases. Insecticides are not always effective because they can be toxic to some birds. It will also disrupt the natural food chain for animals. A common practice of plant scientists is to visually assess plant damage (leaves, stems) due to disease based on the percentage of disease. Plants suffer from various diseases at any stage of their development. For farmers and agricultural professionals, disease management is a critical issue that requires immediate attention. It requires urgent diagnosis and preventive measures to maintain quality and minimize losses. Many researchers have provided plant disease detection techniques to support rapid disease diagnosis. In this review paper, we mainly focus on artificial intelligence (AI) technology, image processing technology (IP), deep learning technology (DL), vector machine (SVM) technology, the network Convergent neuronal (CNN) content Detailed description of the identification of different types of diseases in tomato and potato plants based on image retrieval technology (CBIR). It also includes the various types of diseases that typically exist in tomato and potato. Content-based Image Retrieval (CBIR) technologies should be used as a supplementary tool to enhance search accuracy by encouraging you to access collections of extra knowledge so that it can be useful. CBIR systems mainly use colour, form, and texture as core features, such that they work on the first level of the lowest level. This is the most sophisticated methods used to diagnose diseases of tomato plants.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.49-57
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• 2014

This research is about analysis and evaluation of biodiversity of Suwon's street tree, then understanding the problem of it and finally finding a solution. Because the increasing damage of the street trees by disease and insects, insecticide is applied to prevent further damage. However, this insecticide is found to be cancer genic and causing hygienic threat to civilians. Therefore, by gathering Suwon's internal statistics about Suwon's street tree, the trees are divided into three categories, tall evergreen trees, deciduous trees, shrubs following Frank's 30-20-10 theory(1990). Also, according to species diversity index, the problem of disease and insect is researched in terms of biodiversity, and here we suggests solutions to counter such problems. According to the results, the trees planted in Suwon was found to be 31 families, 43 genus and 58 species. The most used kinds, almost 85% of the whole species, are found to be Rhododendron indicum (L.) Sweet, Buxus koreana Nakai ex Chung & al, Euonymus japonicus Thunb, Ligustrum obtusifolium Siebold & Zucc. Besides these, the rest of 15% of street trees had little variety. Therefore, it is necessary to plant tree variously and equally in terms of biodiversity. If this Frank's 10-20-30 solution is not enough to completely solve coulure problem, then further research will be done on soil properties, and local features for improvement of Suwon street tress.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.86-95
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• 2003

The object of this paper is to correct check the tree situation and quantity around highway. Also, those data utilize in order to establish plan about how to the long and short term landscape construction and maintain program. The result of this study can be summarized as follows; 1. Tree decrease rates for 8 branch offices were Jongbu(5.62%), Gangwon(4.32%), Chungcheong (3.35%), Honam(5.62%), Gyeongbuk(3.06%), Gyeongnam(5.60%), Seorak training center(0.31%), Headquarter(1.54%). Also decrease causes were traffic accidents(1.8%), air po11ution(4.7%), humid damage(0.9%), insect and disease(1.2%), wind and rainfall(3.4%), dry damage(3.5%), cold damage (1.0%), fire(3.1%), damage of the man and anima1(4.1%), remove bad tree(13.1%), bad rooting(9.5%) and etc.(53.7%). 2. Improve methods of tree death problems were regulation management(ferti1ize, irrigation and pesticide work), improvement of draining system, Pull out the weeds, Plant native plants, utilize organic matter fertilize and plant environment trees.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.110 no.2
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• pp.280-288
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• 2021

Understanding the occurrence characteristics of pine wilt disease (PWD) is essential for determining a suitable strategy to minimize the damage caused by PWD. Thus, in this study, we characterized various environmental conditions, including meteorological factors, geographical factors, and artificial factors influencing the occurrence of PWD. The occurrence data of PWD from May 2016 to April 2018 and spatial data of various environmental factors, including natural and anthropogenic factors, were collected. We evaluated the relative contribution of the environmental variables on the number of dead pine trees by PWD. In this study, among the 17 natural and anthropogenic factors, the factors affecting the occurrence of dead trees by PWD were verified. The results showed that altitude and temperature from May to August, among natural factors, and distance to building and forest road among anthropogenic factors were the most influential factors on the occurrence of PWD.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.30-33
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• 2004

Until now, occurrence of rice stripe virus (RSV) is limitted in southern part of Korea. However, recently the occurrence of RSV is increased and spreaded in central part of Korea including Chungcheong and Kyonggi province. It is very difficult to distinguish RSV symptoms on virus symptom physiological damage of rice. We detected RSV viral RNA from infected rice and its insect vector Laodelphax striatellus using specific primer of RSV-polymerase and coat protein gene with reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. The result of RT-PCR, we observed specific band including RSV-polymerase (1,,023 bp) and CP (969 bp) in both host of rice and insect vector.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.32-38
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• 1960

Since the peculiar virus disease of chinese date tree (Zizyphus jujuba Mill. var. inermis Rehd.) has been noted in South Korea around 1950, 70% to 80% of the economically important trees have been either completely destroyed or infected with the virus, severe damage has been noted, particularly, across the area ranged from middle east to the middle part of Korea, including Seoul area. Yoon-Koock-Byung in 1958 first reported the disease and descirbed it might be caused by a kinds of yellows. But he did not conform in his paper that the disease is pecisely caused by yellows virus. The authors, hereby intend to identify the true cause of the desease of the chinese data tree by studying the external symptoms of the disease and the internal morphological characteristics of the diseaset plant which shows various abnormalities in contrast to the healthy checks. In view of fact that leaves of the infected plants become yellowish in color similar to the peach yellows, aster yellows, it is likely to be identifiable as the common yellows. Furthermore, the abnormal characteristics observed by the authors are as follow: The floral organs such as petals, sepals, stamens, and pistil turn into vegetative leaves, the leaves on heavily infected plant appear as small sized one and also showing as a common witch's broom like symptom. There are also an occuring of numerous advantitious shoots developed from both of stems and roots. The amount of photosynthetic starch grains increases in parenchymatous cells, necrosis takes place in mesophyll, Particularly, Palisade Parenchyma in the leaves of infected plants are distinguished in contrast to the healthy checks. From the symptoms and the present experimetns described above, the authors are believed that the disease of chinese data tree is not caused by the yellows. It appears the disease is rather similar to the symptoms of sandal spike virus which was noted in India early in this centry. But the host plant of standal disease, Santalum albun L. and the insect vector, Jassus indicus Wal., have never been reported in Korean flora and the founa. The termperature and the otehr environmental factors is quite different Korea and India. Thus the authors believe that the peculiar disease must be an endemic new virus origin in Korea and must be called as "shoot cluster disease of chinese date tree."

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.295-298
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• 2014

Oak wilt caused by Raffaelea quercus-mongolicae was first noticed in South Korea in 2004 and, ever since, its distribution and damage have been increasing. To screen a fungicide effective for oak wilt control by tree injection, laboratory and field experiments were conducted. Ten fungicides and one antibiotic were examined in vivo for their effectiveness in restricting the growth of R. quercus-mongolicae and R. quercivora (Japanese oak wilt pathogen) isolates. To the Korean isolates of R. quercus-mongolicae, chlorothalonil showed the highest fungicidal effects, followed by benomyl and propiconazole. To the Japanese one, propiconazole was highest in the fungicidal effectiveness, followed by benomyl and bitertanol. Propiconazole was selected for field-testing of its control efficacy because it showed good fungicidal effects in vitro and systemic activity. The control efficacy in the field was 87.5% in the first year of injection and 66.7% in the second year, indicating the fungicidal effects last at least over one year.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.482-488
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• 2005

Oxidant stress is well-known for a pivotal parameter related to neuro-inflammatory diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and ALS (Lou Gehrig's disease). In order to effectively screen for anti-inflammatory agents, we first established the infrastructure of high throughput screening for anti-oxidant agents from medicinal insect library extracted with water, methanol, ethanol, and dimethyl sulfoxide. By the screening system, we found that Tenodera angustipennis Saussure, Pyrocoela rupa Olivier and Papilio maackii Mntris had strong anti-oxidant activity. Moreover, Tenodera angustipennis Saussure and Tenodera aridifolia (Stoll) exhibited protection effects of cellular damage by treatment of an oxidant hydrogen peroxide. Together, the results suggest that some selected hits could be a potential agent against neuro-inflammation, although the in vivo studies should be clearly tested.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.607-612
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• 1999

Cigarette smoking is the potential risk factor for lung cancer and chronic pulmonary disease, as well as inflammatory bowel disease and reproductive malfunction. Nicotine and tar have been im plicated as a major factor in the pathogenesis of the diseases. Nicotine increases heart rate and blood pressure due to stimulation sympathetic neurotransmission and tar also accounts for the severe damage of peridontal diseases and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Portulaca oleracea, which contains significant amount of K+, noradrenaline and dopamine as well as various nutrients, has been used for many medicinal purposes and one of which is the detoxification of insect or snake toxins. The purpose of this study was to investigate the action of Portulaca oleracea extracts on the reduction of harmful materials of tabacco. The reduction percentages were measured in the presence and absence of each solvent extract of Portulaca oleracea using reversed C18 column of HPLC. Nicotine reduction effects were obtained from aqueous, methanol and chloroform extracts of Portulaca oleracea as 89%, 55% and 51%, respectively. The results suggest that the polar extracts of Portulaca oleracea affects the reduction of nicotine which is responsible for many diseases.