• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.541-549
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• 2010

The present study researched morphological characteristics and analyzed the genetic diversity by using RAPD in Calanthe species, native plant in Jeju, Korea. Twenty-six samples were selected by flower color, and 19 horticultural traits were investigated to study morphological characteristics. The C. discolor had the smallest leaf, the length and width of dorsal sepal, lateral sepal, petal, central lip, lateral lip, and flower stalk length were shortest and/or smallest except the spur and ovary length in Calanthe species, but those of Calanthe discolor for. sieboldii (Dence.) Ohwi (Calanthe discolor for. sieboldii) were the largest and/or biggest, and those of variants were the intermediate between C. discolor and C. discolor for. sieboldii, but spur length was the longest in C. discolor, the shortest in C. discolor for. sieboldii, and intermediate in the variants. Ovary length in C. discolor was shortest and C. discolor for. sieboldii and variants were similar with each other. The flower colors of C. discolor were brownish red, the value of CIE Lab was between 40 and 50. The flower color of C. discolor for. sieboldii was yellowish; the value of CIE Lab was between 110 and 130. And variants had various colors between 50 and 70 in the value of CIE Lab. After analyzing multiple band patterns of PCR products, 154 bands were selected as polymorphic RAPD markers. The analysis of Genetic distance of Calanthe species using RAPD showed that C. discolor and C. discolor for. sieboldii are more distant from each other than variants, and demonstrated the fact that genetic position of variants is between the other two species.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.9 s.89
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• pp.1217-1223
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• 2007

I investigated the reproduction system of nine natural populations of P. discolor in Korea and two Mongolian P. conferta populations. The measurements of 19 quantitative or qualitative morphological characters were taken on each of total individuals directly from their natural habitats. Multivariate principal component analyses (PCA) were conducted to detect differences among populations consid-ering several characters simultaneously of variances using the statistical analysis system. 19 morpho-logical characteristics between Korean Potentilla species and Mongolian Potentilla species showed a slight heterogeneity of variance. The length of internodes (LFL and LSI) and characteristics of root (LLR and NOR) were shown a significant difference between two species (P<0.05). The number of ra-mets in P. conferta decreased with increasing geographic distance from viviparity. However, P. discolor has most ramets at distance intervals $60{\sim}80$ cm. In light conditions, P. discolor was significantly less resilience than P. conferta. In drought conditions, although there was not shown significant difference, P. conferta was less resilience than P. discolor. The core analysis indicates that P. conferta is the more resistant species than P. discolor and usually propagates by clonal growth during several strong envi-ronmental disadvantages such as drought events.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.341-345
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• 2008

Two orchid species of Calanthe discolor Lindl. and C. discolor for. sieboldii (Decne.) Ohwi, which have different form flower color and size. They were crossed in mid April by artificial pollination, and the F1 hybrid seeds were collected mid October. Germination of seeds was investigated on pre-treatment of seeds and under the various environmental conditions. Germination was promoted by moisture absorption and ultrasonic treatment of seeds. Dark culture of F1 hybrid seeds enhanced germination and protocorm formation, and development into seedlings compared with light culture. Although, plant growth regulators such as NAA and BA had a slightly promotive effect on seed germination and protocorm growth, regenerated seeding were showed abnormal growth patterns. Regenerated F1 hybrid plantlets were successfully transferred to pot.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.63-71
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• 2010

This study was carried out to analyze the vegetation and soil characteristic, and ordination between Calanthe discolor and C. sieboldii population, Jeju Island. The C. discolor population was classified into Cryptomeria japonica dominant population, Miscanthus sinensis dominant population, and C. discolor typical population. The C. discolor population was located in elevation of 156m to 430m, and C. sieboldii was located in elevation of 424m to 604m in Jeju Island. In the study sites, soil organic matter, nitrogen, exchangeable potassium, exchangeable calcium, exchangeable magnesium, cation exchange capacity, and soil pH were 30.05~53.58%, 0.74~1.64%, 0.80~1.95cmol$^+$/kg, 4.35~22.53cmol$^+$/kg, 4.00~6.63cmol$^+$/kg, 25.60~51.33cmol$^+$/kg, and 4.83~5.70, respectively. C. discolor population was found in the low elevation and steep sloped area that has less organic matter, total nitrogen, and cation exchange capacity than C. sieboldii population. C. discolor typical population was found in the high elevation area that has more organic matter and total nitrogen in the C. discolor. Miscanthus sinensis dominant population was found in the shade of west direction of japanese black pine. C. sieboldii was found in a high elevation and a gentle sloped area that has high percentage organic matter, total nitrogen, and cation exchange capacity.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.221-226
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• 2002

This experiment was conducted to establish the mass propagation system of Calanthe discolor Lindley. When the Calanthe discolor seeds were sown in Murashige and Skoog medium, the percentage of germination was 65％. Seedlings grew more rapidly in the liquid medium than the solid medium. All regenerated plantlets were survived in acclimatized condition of 70% shade and more than 80％ humidity. Also, we found out that the 88% of survival ratio could be achieved in containing soil mixture of vermiculite and perlite as same as amount.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.497-499
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• 1999

Distribution analysis on natural habitats for the genus Calanthe in Mt. Halla of Cheju province revealed that C. discolor and C. sieboldii were found mostly in the range of 120~400 m and 300~600 m above the sea level, respectively. C. bicolor was found in 300~400 m where both C. discolor and C. sieboldii were overlapped. The present morphological assessments showed that C. discolor had the smallest sizes of leaves and floral parts, C. had the largest, while C. bicolor had the intermediate between the above mentioned two species. Flower colors of C. discolor were brownish red and simple white, and that of C. sieboldii was merely golden yellow, whereas C. bicolor had a diverse mixed colors originated from the other two species. The specific distribution of natural habitats and morphological characteristics of three Calanthe species led the suggestion that C. bicolor can be regarded as new species derived originally from natural hybridization between C. discolor and C. sieboldii.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.354-357
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• 2007

Three compounds (1-3) were isolated from the roots of Potentilla discolor (Rosaceae). The structure of compounds 1-3 were elucidated as stigmast-5-en-3-ol $({\beta}-sitosterol,\;1),\;2,19{\alpha}-dihydroxy$-2-oxo-urs-1,12-dien-28-oic acid (fupenjic acid, 2), 3-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranosylstigmast-5-en-3-ol (${\beta}-sitosterol\;{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside, 3) based on physical and spectroscopic data. $^{13}C-NMR$ assignments were completed by 2D-NMR technique. The three compounds were firstly isolated from Potentilla discolor.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.68-75
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• 2017

We investigated the effects of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and culture medium on embryo swelling and germination of Calanthe discolor Lindl., and established a method for determining the swelling and protocorm formation of C. discolor seeds via in vitro examination of immature seeds. Treatment of immature seeds with NaOCl greatly enhanced the extent of embryo swelling and protocorm formation of immature zygote embryos compared to seeds without NaOCl treatment. The effects of the culture media were also evaluated with regard to embryo swelling and protocorm formation of in vitro cultured seeds with and without NaOCl treatment. Additionally, the effects of white fluorescent light and red and blue LEDs lights on seedling growth in in vitro culture were examined. The most suitable condition for seedling growth after 12 weeks of culture was the red LEDs light with POM medium. These results show effective asymbiotic germination and growth of C. discolor.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.898-903
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• 2006

The genetic diversity and population structure of fifteen Potentilla discolor Bunge populations in Korea were determined using genetic variations at 19 allozyme loci. Fourteen of the 19 loci (73.7%) showed detectable polymorphism. Genetic diversity at the species level and at the population level was high ($H_{ES}\;=\;0.215$, $H_{EP}\;=\;0.196$, respectively), whereas the extent of the population divergence was relatively low $(G_{ST}\;=\;0.069)$. Total genetic diversity values $(H_T)$ varied between 0.0 and 0.656, giving an average overall polymorphic loci of 0.292. The interlocus variation of genetic diversity within populations $(H_S)$ was high (0.274). On a per locus basis, the proportion of total genetic variation due to differences among populations $(G_{ST})$ ranged from 0.010 for Pgm-2 to 0.261 for Pgd-2 with a mean of 0.069, indicating that about 6.9% of the total allozyme variation was among populations. Wide geographic ranges, perennial herbaceous nature and the persistence of multiple generations are associated with the high level of genetic variation in P. discolor. The estimate of gene flow based on $G_{ST}$ was high among Korean populations of P. discolor (Nm = 3.36).

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.141-143
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• 1999

Genetic relationship of Calanthe discolor, C. sieboldii, and C. bicolor for elucidating the classification was investigated. Electrophoretic zymograms for either peroxidase or esterase isozymes indicated that bands of C. bicolor appear in the zone where those of C. discolor and C. sieboldii are located. Genetic relationship among the three Calanthe species using RAPD analysis showed that C. discolor and C. sieboldii are more distant each other than C. bicolor, demonstrating the genetic position of C. bicolor between the other two. It was assumed that C. bicolor is a natural hybrid between C. discolor and C. sieboldii.