• 영어영문학
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• 제64권1호
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• pp.77-94
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• 2018

This paper examines William and Ellen Craft's Running a Thousand Miles for Freedom (1860)-a narrative of the enslaved couple's escape from Macon to Philadelphia in the guise of a white male master and a colored slave. Expanding Judith Adler's notion of "travel as performed art," my reading of Running focuses on the Crafts' stratagems of transvestism-crossing boundaries not only of gender, but also of race, class, and disability. If travel can be understood as a form of performed art, then why not address a traveler as a performance artist? I present William and Ellen's role-playing in Running as performers of crossing borders and categories, or, as "fugitive performers," since the couple's story never reaches its final arrival but narrates an eternal run-away, far more than "a thousand miles to freedom." Using social stereotypes of race and gender to disguise, William and Ellen plot, write, choreograph, play, and recite on the moving stages and manipulate the others-especially white American audiences-who accompany the couple's run-away and those who were responsible for the cultural drama-a tragedy of American slavery. Becoming "fugitive performers," William and Ellen de-essentialize and debunk the nineteenth-century America's firm belief in distinct color line between black and white, and in the high yet unstable bars between male / female, abled / disabled, master / slave, and freedom / slavery. The Crafts alert their contemporaries and readers by presenting the complex and permeable boundaries of race, gender, class, social and cultural ability.

• 의료법학
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.3-48
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• 2021

2020년에 선고된 주요 판결들 중에는, 독감 및 코로나 백신 접종 부작용으로 시의성이 있는 아나필락시스와 관련하여 의료진의 과실을 인정한 사례와 부정한 사례가 있었고, 기존에도 판례를 통해 인정된 적은 있지만 드문 사례로서 수인한도를 넘어설 만큼 불성실하게 진료를 한 경우 그러한 과실을 별도의 불법행위로 인정하여 위자료 지급을 인정한 판결이 선고되었다. 또한, 손해배상 범위 산정과 관련하여, 맥브라이드를 기준으로 노동능력상실률을 산정해온 관행을 깨고 항소심에서 대한의학회 장애평가기준에 따라 장해율을 산정한 판결이 있었으며, 전화 진료를 비롯한 원격의료는 의료법상 허용되지 않는다는 대법원의 입장을 명확히 하였다는 점에서 의미 있는 판결이 있었다. 설명의무에 관하여는 확립된 법리 위에 개별 사건에서 설명의무 이행 여부를 판단하는 구체적 기준에 관한 세부적인 내용이 더해지는 과정으로 보이며, 진료기록 기재와 관련하여서는 사후기재의 의심이 강하게 들더라도 증명방해에 해당하지 않는다고 판단하였다. 그 외에도, 사실관계가 동일함에도 심급에 따라 과실 및 인과관계 판단이 달라진 판결들에서 원심판결과 대상판결의 차이점을 비교하였으며, 최근 의사의 업무상과실치사상에 대하여 실형이 선고되는 사례가 늘고 있는 상황에서 1심에서 실형을 선고하면서 구체적으로 그 이유에 관하여 설명한 판결을 다루었다.

• 한국임상보건과학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.126-132
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• 2014

Purpose. Because traditional statistics approach had limitations in learning future forecasting and major factors causing occupational injuries in each industry, this paper develops a model forecasting and evaluating occupational injury rate by using a system dynamics model through the analysis of the industry injury statistics and the project for industry injury prevention. Method. The model of this paper consists of 12 total models such as a model of employees, of industrial disaster victims, of injury rate, etc.; In the analysis of firm size, it is classified and developed according to 12 groups on the basis of the number of employees, and in the analysis of industrial classification, it is done according to 10 total business fields such as manufacturing business, construction one, etc. Results. This paper suggests the methodology which forecasts industry injury rate by business field and size on the basis of developed model, and evaluates an industry injury prevention project from various angles. Conclusions. This paper deduced problem through the analysis of an industry injury by business fields and a comparative analysis of foreign cases, and analyzed to affect industry injury prevention by industry. And it also analyzed actual condition of industry injury, and did a difference in the level of safety consciousness according to the general characteristics of workers and occupational safety and health education related characteristics. In result, this paper suggests that analyzing occupational injury related factors, a safety budgetary allocation, and industry injury related factors can reduce illness costs such as employees' injury and medical care, and also assist cost for a disability.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.6-10
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• 2007

Objective : The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of bone cement augmentation of pedicular screwing in severe osteoporotic spondylolisthetic patients. Methods : Twenty patients with spondylolisthesis (8 : spondylolytic spondylolisthesis 12 : degenerative spondylolisthesis) who had undergone pedicular screwing and interbody fusion for osteoporotic lumbar spine (T-score on bone mineral density<-3.0) from 2002 to 2005 were reviewed. Mean age was 62.3 years with 3 male and 17 female patients. Average follow-up period was 14 months. Average T-score on bone mineral density (BMD) was -3.62. After decompression of neural elements, about 6cc of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) was injected into the each vertebral body through transpedicular route. All patients underwent one level interbody fusion and pedicular screw fixation. Clinical outcome was assessed using Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) on the last clinical follow-up. In addition, a modified MacNab's grading criteria was used to objectively assess patient's outcome postoperatively. Radiographic analysis of sagittal contour was assessed preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and at final follow-up including fusion rate. Results : Eighteen of 20 patients were graded as excellent or good according to the modified MacNab's criteria. An significant improvement of ODI was achieved in both groups. Mean sagittal angle at the preoperative state, postoperative state and at the last follow-up state was $11.0^{\circ},\;20.1^{\circ}$ and $18.3^{\circ}$, respectively, with mean sagittal angle correction gain $7.3^{\circ}$. Firm fusion was achieved in all patients. There were one compression fracture above the fused segment after 6 months follow-up and one case of seroma. But there were no postoperative complications related to bone cement leakage and pedicular screwings such as screw pullout or screw cut-up. Conclusion : Bone cement augmentation of pedicular screwing can be an effective procedure for osteoporotic lumbar spine in spondylolisthetic patients.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제50권
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• pp.157-172
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• 2002

장애인고용에 관한 기존의 연구들에서는 장애인의 학력수준이나 성(性)의 차이에 따라 노동시장에서 각각 다른 특성을 갖는 장애인 집단을 하나의 동일체로 간주하여 논의를 진행하는 경우가 많았다. 하지만 이러한 접근방식은 장애인 노동시장구조에 관한 연구에서 빠트려서는 안될 또 다른 중요한 측면을 간과해 장애인 노동시장내의 집단간 단절과 같은 노동시장내의 구조적 문제해결에는 큰 도움을 주지 못할 우려가 있다. 현실적으로는 한국의 장애인 노동시장은 학력, 성(性), 장애유형 및 장애정도 등과 같은 여러 변수의 특성에 따라 각기 다른 구조적 모습을 나타낸다. 따라서 본 연구는 이러한 실태에 근거하여 장애인의 고용이나 임금에 관한 접근을 기존 연구들에서와는 달리 노동시장의 단층구조적(斷層構造的) 측면에서 시도하고자 한다. 한국 장애인 노동시장의 단층성에 관한 실증분석을 위해 원 자료(raw data)는 노동부 공단의 "2000년 장애인근로자 실태조사" 결과를 이용하고, 분석기법으로는 MDFA(Multiple Discriminant Function Analysis) 기법을 사용한다.