• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.837-848
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• 2006

This paper presents the test results of biological aerated filtration(BAF) process to replace activated sludge process by enhancing treated effluent quality and reducing the costs. In BAF process both BOD and SS compounds in wastewater are degraded and removed by biological reaction and filtration. Upflow BAF with expanded polypropylene media and downflow BAF with ceramic media were used to investigate the effects of hydraulic and organic loads on effluent quality. As a result, in BAF processes which has different media, upflow BAF reactor shows 5% higher efficiency than downflow BAF and this phenomena caused by backwashing methods and operational conditions. The results of influence factors analyzed by Factor Analysis Method in BOD and SS treatment efficiency are the size of media, hight of media bed and type of media. The quantitative effects of media size are 5.73% in TBOD, 5.78% in SBOD and 7.65% in TSS, so we confirmed the main factor is media size.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.1738-1746
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• 2016

This study is on moving images among the various media created by the screen-based image media in the multimedia age. Moving images shown in the image media are reinterpreted in various forms and are necessary to have a conceptual definition as expression media to meet the changes. Therefore, the study identified the conceptual definition of moving images from the perspective of objects, and subdivided them into the visual cognitive area to satisfy the recent characteristics of visual media. It also suggested the guidelines required for analyzing the image media based on the results of the case analysis of 8 different works.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.36
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• pp.5-35
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• 2014

This study attempts to give a review of social media users' choice of a particular name for the sake of signaling identity cues and interaction with the others. The social media names could be classified into different categories such as traditional/cultural anthroponyms, nicknames and fictitious IDs etc. Out of these categories, it is the phenomenon of choice and construction of fictitious social media IDs by Pakistani social media users which has been reviewed and scrutinized in this particular article. This study examined fictitious IDs of Pakistani social media users from Critical Discourse Analysis and System Functional Linguistics perspectives and demonstrates how nationalistic, ethnic and religious identities are negotiated, constructed, deconstructed and reconstructed by the social media users through a particular ID choice.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.171-184
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• 2018

Social media has been integrated into a part of travel industry. Subsequently, it has influenced tourists' travel behavior. Prior studies claim that individuals have different behaviors regarding the use of social media for travel purposes. With lack of studies focusing on age group, the objective of this study is to determine whether there is a difference in the motivation among three generations in using social media for the sake of sharing travel experiences. Finding shows that all generations use social media with similar motivation for travel purposes. They have high motivation in obtaining travel information before the trip and in sharing memorable travel experiences through social media. They also wanted to keep such information as personal document during and after the traveling.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.65-82
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• 2019

This study examines the relationship between social media advertisement and customer interest in the context of luxury brands. Further, this study investigates the effective ways to utilize visual types (pictorial advertisement and video advertisement) and contents types (website link and hash-tag) in social media advertising by proposing a time-series model to estimate the long-term effect of social media advertising on social search. We find that the pictorial advertisements are more effective than video advertisements, which provides a different result from previous existing research. In addition, advertisements using hashtags are more effective than web links due to efficiency of the search feature. Finally, since the number of brand fans also have a positive effect on advertising interest, it is essential to utilize social media advertising for the enhancement of customers' interests. Confirming that the effectiveness of social media advertising varies depending on how the visual contents and text are presented, this research can help marketing managers to assess predicted outcomes of using various methods of social media advertising.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.43-58
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• 2020

This study examines media used for information in the East Asian countries of China, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore, using data from the World Values Survey. The sharing of Confucian culture may lead to a uniform media structure across these nations. Another possibility is technological determinism, which would also lead to similarity across nations. However, it is possible that countries are at different stages of technology development and will eventually become more similar. An opposing notion is that differences in other values among nations predict digital media use. To examine the evidence considering these possibilities, we factor analyze each population's use of nine traditional and digital media to see how similar the structures are. What results is a three-dimensional solution for four out of five countries, except Singapore, which has a more simple two-dimensional structure. Analysts regard Singapore as the most digitally connected society, which raises the question as to whether it is higher on a technological development trajectory, to which other countries may transition. Perhaps a more simple media use structure is an adaptation to increasing information load. As well, as mobile devices have become a primary means of accessing the range of traditional and social media, it may have an expanded role in reducing media channel entropy. In terms of frequency of media use, Singapore is highest, while China is the lowest. Singapore stands out in high mobile use, and China for low Internet use. There appear to be developmental differences across the nations. Regressions on Internet use for 18 values indices find different values predictors in the East Asian countries, ruling out Confucianism as producing similar media patterns.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.857-871
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• 2017

The major substrates used in soilless growing media are peat moss and perlite, where peat moss is a limited and expensive natural resource. Determination of appropriate substrates based on technical and economic feasibility is the vital aspect of research and the key to success in any soilless production system. This research work was performed to evaluate different low-cost and sustainable alternative substrate as soilless growing media for horticulture plant. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of sawdust species and steam treatment, for physico-chemical properties and growth of horticultural plant. This study involves the physical and chemical characterization and growth test of four substrate (pine sawdust, oak sawdust, steamed pine sawdust and steamed oak sawdust) in order to evaluate their use as components of growing media. Steamed oak sawdust ($121^{\circ}C$, 30 min) showed adequate physical and chemical properties compared to peat moss for their use as growing media. The growing media were prepared using different mixture proportion to grow Brassica campestris L., Festuca arundinacea and Lespedeza cyrtobotrya Miq. The highest germination, stem length and leaf area of Brassica campestris L., Festuca arundinacea and Lespedeza cyrtobotrya were observed in 30 minute steamed oak sawdust mixture growing media. The steam treatment condition of sawdust used in the growing media significantly positive affected the germination, the stem length and the leaf area.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.186-194
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• 2011

This manuscript aims to study on the strategy in conversion of media to movie as the second exit for consumption on the webtoon and it can strengthen the position of webtoon as the orignal work. This was just since webtoon had been adapted in other media. The characteristics of media in webtoon can be merit but is variable because the characteristics of media between movie and webtoon are entirely different. , webtoon had storytelling with impressive characters as the component which was proper to media of movie in comparison of the precedent works whose media had been converted from the original webtoon. In case of movies whose media had been converted from the original webtoon, it is inevitably to be dramatized by a director because it is converted to completely different media. The discriminative factors of storytelling are largely owed to the variation of the simple lined characters and structure of storytelling. These could make receivers understand easily when they watch the movie . And then, it had a role as the mechanism that receivers satisfied their expectation. Finally, the movie was succeed with these reasons.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.224-230
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• 1973

The culture used wheat bran as media for four kind of mold strains such as Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus kawachii, Aspergillus usamii and Rhizopus javanicus to examine which strain could higher the activity of amylase most which is used for alcohol fermentation. It also provided three different kind of wheat bran media containing starch of 47%, 51% and 55% respectively for each strain. For each media it also added three different kind of nitrogen sources; ammonium sulfate, casein, and ammonium sulfate and casein equally mixed. Each nitrogen source added was subordinately differentiated into three different percentages, 2%, 4% and 6% respectively, except the 2% for the ammonium sulfate. The results obtained were summarized as follows (1) The activity of ${\alpha}-amylase$ was highest in the media of starch value 47% of wheat bran with 6% of casein added. (2) The activity of ${\beta}-amylase$ was highest in the media of starch value 51% of wheat bran with 2% of the equal mixture of ammonium sulfate and casein added. (3) The activities of both ${\alpha}-amylase$ and ${\beta}-amylase$ of Aspergillus usamii were highest in the media of starch value 47% wheat bran with no addition of nitrogen source. (4) Of the four strains examined, the activities of ${\alpha}-amylase$ and ${\beta}-amylase$ cultured in Rhizopus javanicus were both relatively higher. (5) The activities of ${\alpha}-amylase$ and ${\beta}-amylase$ of the strains examined became lower as the percentage of starch contents increased except in Rhizopus javanicus.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.55
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• pp.119-139
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• 2011

This study investigated the general perception of government public relations practitioners in the Noh Moo Hyun and Lee Myung Bak administrations toward media relations and false reports. It examined whether these government public relations practitioners' perceptions are different according to changing government public relations circumstances. This study also investigated how the perceptions of public relations practitioners toward media relations in two different governments affect the overall perception toward false reports. The results showed that the two groups had different perspectives toward media relations, false reports and the causes of false reports. Moreover, the perspectives toward media relations influenced their opinions about false reports. However, they had similar opinions about the way of preventing false reports.