• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.37-49
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• 2016

Purpose: This research is performed through the analysis of the dental technology students' life-style factors of their daily lives that have a close relation with health, and the self-reported symptoms which are related to psychosomatic diseases, for the production of basic data for the change of life-styles and the development of educational programmes. Methods: This research has been performed through questionnaires from the beginning of October of 2014 till the end of November through the Dental Technology students of G-do, chosen by random sampling method after informed consent, where out of the 270 papers, 258 results were used for the analysis. Results: Firstly, the results of the research was as follows: Non-smokers accounted for 61.2%, student who did not do regular physical activities accounted for 50.4%, students who had sleeping hours of 6 to 7 hours accounted for 35.7%, students who eat snacks accounted for 63.2%, students who eat breakfast once to twice a week accounted for 30.6%, students who had an average number of drinks of once to twice a week accounted for 39.9%, and students with BMI of '$18.5^{\circ}{{\neq}}22.9$' accounted for 56.2%, being the highest. Secondly, in gender, smoking (p<.001), regular physical activity (p<.001), BMI (p<.001), eat snacks (p<.05), average number of drinks (p<.05), and of the health check-up, eat breakfast (p<.05), of the year level, eat snack (p<.01), BMI (p<.01), hours of sleep (p<.05), of major satisfaction, regular physical activity (p<.01), and BMI (p<.05), and there was a significant statistical difference, but there were no significant statistical difference in religion. Thirdly, of the bodily self-reported symptoms of the correlation analysis within the life-style variables and the self-reported symptoms, multiple subjective symptoms (I), respiratory (A), eye and skin (B), and digestive organs (C) were the highest in the correlation analysis with regular physical activity (p<.01), and of mental health, impulsiveness (H), mental instability (J), and depression (K) showed highest results in correlation analysis with regular physical activity (p<.01, p<.05), lie scale (L) and irregular and life (G) with eat breakfast (p<.01), and aggressiveness (F) with BMI (p<.01), showed highest results in correlation analysis. Fourthly of the Dental technology students' bodily self-reported symptoms, life-style factors which had a statistically significant effect appeared to be regular physical activity (p<.001) and BMI (p<.05), and of the mental self-reported symptoms, causes that did not have statistically significant effect appeared to be regular physical activity (p<.05) and eat breakfast (p<.05). Conclusion: This research concludes that in order to develop correct life-style habits for health promotion and reduce self-reported symptoms related to the Dental Technology students' diseases, education for the recognition of the necessity of self health promotion must be conducted, and a education programme scheme for the Dental technology curriculum for practicing the correct life-style habits in daily life is required.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.133-140
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• 2017

Purpose: This study compares the effects of treadmill gait training accompanied by visual feedback and general treadmill gait training on the gait and balance ability of patients with chronic stroke. Methods: A total of 11 patients with chronic stroke were randomly divided into either the treadmill gait training accompanied by visual feedback group (six patients) or the general treadmill gait training group (five patients). The gait and balance ability of the two groups were measured before and after the interventions using the functional reach test, the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, Berg's balance test, and the Biodex balance test. The treadmill gait training accompanied by visual feedback group performed the exercise under the supervision of a therapist after first being provided with a hat and a goal that was devised for the purpose of providing visual feedback information. The interventions were applied to the respective groups for four weeks. For the statistical analysis, we conducted a Mann-Whitney test to compare the results between the two groups. Additionally, the Wilcoxon test was used to compare the results from before and after the intervention in each group. Results: The treadmill gait training accompanied by visual feedback group showed a significant difference in terms of the functional reach test after the intervention when compared to the general treadmill gait training group (p<0.05). Although there was no significant difference, the treadmill gait training accompanied by visual feedback group showed a larger improvement in the TUG test, Berg's balance test, and the Biodex balance test than the general treadmill gait training group (p>0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that treadmill gait training accompanied by visual feedback can be used as a beneficial intervention scheme for the recovery of the gait and balance ability of patients with chronic stroke.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.2C
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• pp.246-253
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• 2010

In this paper, a method of removing the space skew and cross-talk cancellation is proposed where the self-generated signals from the subject are used to obtain the subject's location. In the proposed method, the good spatial sound image is maintained even when the listener moves from the sweet spot. Two major parts of the proposed method are as follows: listener position tracking using the stimuli from the subject and removal of the space skew and cross-talk signals. Listener position tracking is achieved by estimation of the time difference of arrival (TDoA). The position of the listener is then computed using the Talyer-series estimation method. The head-related transfer functions (HRTF) are used to remove the space skew and cross-talk signals, where the direction of the HRTF is given by the one estimated from the listener position tracking. The performance evaluation is carried out on the signals from the 100 subjects that are composed of the 50 female and 50 male subjects. The positioning accuracy is achieved by 70%~90%, under the condition that the mean squared positioning error is less than $0.07m^2$. The subjective listening test is also conducted where the 27 out of the 30 subjects are participated. According to the results, 70% of the subjects indicates that the overall quality of the reproduced sound from the proposed method are improved, regardless of the subject's position.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.23-41
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• 2010

This research applies the climbing learning method that, a Japanese professor, Saito Noboru established and practiced, to fourth and sixth graders in an elementary school in order to analyze its effect on mathematical creativity, attitude toward mathematical creativity, so called CAS(Creative Attitude Scale) and academic achievement of the subject. The goal is to explore methods that can enhance students' mathematical creativity. To address these tasks, the research developed a teaching-learning scheme and learning structure chart that applies the climbing learning method. Next, the research organized two homogeneous groups among 124 students in fourth and sixth grades in S elementary school, located in the city of Busan. The experiment group went through classes that applied climbing learning method, while the control group received regular teaching. The following describes the research findings. After the experiment, the research conducted t-test for the independent sample based on the test result in terms of mathematical creativity, CAS and academic achievement of the subject. For mathematical creativity, all four constructing factor showed statistically significant differences at significance level of 5%. For CAS, statistically significant difference was revealed at significance level of 0.1%. However, in regard to a test of academic achievement for fourth and sixth graders, statistically significant difference was not detected at significance level of 5% even though the average score of the students in the experiment group was higher by 6 points. The research drew the following conclusion. Firstly, classes that apply climbing learning method can be more effective than regular classes in enhancing mathematical creativity of elementary school students. Secondly, the climbing learning method has positive impact on inclination for mathematical creativity of elementary school students. The research suggests that the climbing learning method can be an effective teaching-learning tool to improve students' mathematical creativity and inclination for mathematical creativity.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.174-180
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• 2010

The inhomogeneous Helmholtz equation is introduced for variable water depth and potential function and separation of variables are introduced for the derivation. Only harmonic wave motions are considered. The governing equation composed of the potential function for irrotational flow is directly applied to the still water level, and the inhomogeneous Helmholtz equation for variable water depth is obtained. By introducing the wave amplitude and wave phase gradient the governing equation with complex potential function is transformed into two equations of real variables. The transformed equations are the first and second-order ordinary differential equations, respectively, and can be solved in a forward marching manner when proper boundary values are supplied, i.e. the wave amplitude, the wave amplitude gradient, and the wave phase gradient at a side boundary. Simple spatially-centered finite difference numerical schemes are adopted to solve the present set of equations. The equation set is applied to two test cases, Booij’ inclined plane slope profile, and Bragg’ wavy bed profile. The present equations set is satisfactorily verified against other theories including the full linear equation, Massel's modified mild-slope equation, and Berkhoff's mild-slope equation etc.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.843-849
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• 2009

The reliable operation of a swing check valve in the main feed water system of a power plant is most essential for successful shout-down process. A failure to close the valve at proper time often leads to the instability of the main feed water system, or even to an emergency stop of the power plant. In reality it is a very difficult task to monitor the behavior of a swing check valve. Furthermore it is impossible to see the motion of the valve. In this work two measurements were carried out simultaneously to determine the precise valve closure time. The dynamic pressure measurements were made at the inlet and outlet regions of the swing check valve. The transient vibration of the valve housing in the direction of water flow was also measured, which enabled the measurement of the transient vibration of the valve housing near valve closure. By comparing the results produced from these measurements the precise valve closure time could be determined. By carrying out order tracking technique using the dynamic pressure signals and pump rpm signal, the complicated dynamic problems inside the main feed water system can be more easily dealt with. This measurement scheme might be implemented in a power plant on a real-time basis without much difficulty. If this could be implemented, valuable information essential for shut-down operations can readily be passed on to the main control room. The feasibility of this implementation was demonstrated by this experimental work.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.27-33
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• 2009

A computational study has been performed out to evaluate the effect of a vertical porous barrier on the pressure oscillations in a supersonic cavity. The porous barriers with different perforations were vertically installed into a rectangular cavity at Mach numbers 1.50, 1.83 and 2.50. TVD finite difference MUSCL scheme was employed to solve the two-dimensional, unsteady, compressible Navier-Stokes equations. The present vertical porous barrier considerably altered the characteristics of the time-dependent shear layers that occur at the upstream edge of cavity and remarkably reduced the pressure oscillations inside the supersonic cavity. The present results showed that the effectiveness of passive control using the present porous vertical barrier is dependent on Mach number and the perforation of the porous barrier.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.91-99
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• 2009

With the development of the internet and the spread of 'digital home', apartment houses equipped with the homepages connecting apartment houses as one cyberspace unit have increased. The virtual community with a homepage in apartment complex have improved the effect on management businesses in the side of a apartment manager and increased the importance of the space with a strong tie between residents in the side of residents. But the apartment residents didn't make full use of the virtual community because they have the low level of recognition of it. Therefore, this study attempted to present basic materials for the scheme to revitalize the virtual community. For this purpose, it attempted to find residents' recognition of and participation in the virtual community and demand for the classified contents conducted before this study. In the research method, it conducted the questionnaire research. The results are as follows. 1) First of all, It was found that the apartment residents had the low level of recognition of the virtual community. There was a significant difference according to the degree and the level of using the internet. Some easy-access programs are necessary. 2) The apartment residents took part in the virtual community about 67 percents because there was a lack of the public relation of the virtual community. 3) It was found that there was a significant positive correlation between the level of recognition and participation. 4) An attempt was made to identify the apartment residents' demand for the type of virtual community contents. It was found that most of contents were needed. 'apartment complex introduction and management information' showed the highest score among them. 5) Most respondents are affirmative to the virtual community. Therefore the residential community could be reinforced if the contents of virtual community is developed and well operated in the future.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.63.3-64
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• 2015

In our previous work (Kim et al., 2015), we suggested a new classification scheme, which categorizes the SPEs into four groups based on association with flare or CME inferred from onset timings as well as proton acceleration patterns using multienergy observations. In this study, we have tried to find whether there are any typical characteristics of associated events and acceleration sites in each group using 42 SPEs from 1997 to 2012. We find: (i) if the proton acceleration starts from a lower energy, a SPE has a higher chance to be a strong event (>5000pfu) even if the associated flare and CME are not so strong. The only difference between the SPEs associated with flare and CME is the location of the acceleration site. For the former, the sites are very low (~1Rs) and close to the western limb, while the latter has a relatively higher and wider acceleration sites. (ii) When the proton acceleration starts from the higher energy, a SPE tends to be a relatively weak event (<1000pfu), in spite of its associated CME is relatively stronger than previous group. (iii) The SPEs categorized by the simultaneous proton acceleration in whole energy range within 10 minutes, tend to show the weakest proton flux in spite of strong related eruptions. Their acceleration heights are very close to the locations of type II radio bursts. Based on those results, we suggest that the different characteristics of the four groups are mainly due to the different mechanisms governing the acceleration pattern and interval, and different condition such as the acceleration location.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.317-324
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• 1994

The circulation of Lake Paldang is analysed numerically as an ultimate goal to develop a vehicle predicting the dispersion and concentration of pollutants and sediment flowed into the lake. In finite difference formulation of 2-D depth averaged governing equations. Abbott's 3-time level scheme is employed and for nonlinear terms time centering iteration technique in time and space is used. Model parameters for shear stresses and eddy diffusivities are determined through measured data in and near the lake. Predicted velocities for steady flow are shown to be close to the measured velocities and further improved by taking into account of wind effect. This indicates that the wind effect is needed for proper circulation analysis and it calls for the inclusion of the wind effect. Simulated results of unsteady flow caused by flood inflows and release through Paldang dam are found to characterize the flow features quite well as expected. This implies that the developed model can be used as a tool to analysing the circulation in the lake.