• Korean Journal of Exercise Nutrition
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2009

It has been shown that both caloric restriction and exercise, enhances glucose uptake through translocation of GLUT-4 protein. It remains unclear how exercise and caloric restriction affect the changes in VAMP (vesicle-associated membrane protein) in skeletal muscle and GLUT-2 in liver. This study investigated the effects of exercise training and caloric restriction on the expressions of glucose transport relating proteins in muscle and liver tissues in diabetic rats. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats (250±10 g; 8 week in age) were assigned equally to four different groups; control (C), exercise only (E), dietary restriction only (D) and dietary restriction and exercise (DE). Daily food consumption was monitored to establish baseline intake. Both C and E groups consumed baseline food intake while D and DE groups were provided with only 60% of baseline total food intake. Forty-eight hours after intraperitoneal injection of STZ (50 mg/kg), diabetes was confirmed (8-hr fasting blood glucose levels ≥300 mg/dl). Rats in the E and DE groups exercised on a motorized treadmill for 30 min/d, 5 days/week for 4 weeks (5 min running at 3 m/min, 0% grade; 8 m/min for the next 5min, and then 15 m/min for 20 min). Rats were sacrificed 48 hrs after the last bout of exercise. Soleus muscle and liver were extracted to analyze for GLUT-4, VAMP-2, and GLUT-2, respectively. All variables were analyzed using the Western Blotting technique. All values were expressed as optical volume measured by optical density. A Two-way ANOVA was used to examine the difference between groups and applied Duncan's test for post-hoc. No significant differences in GLUT-2 expression were found among groups. However, E (280133±13228 arbitrary units{AU}) and DE (268833±14424 AU) groups showed significantly higher (p<.001) levels of GLUT-4 as compared with C (34461±2099 AU) and D groups (27847±703 AU). VAMP-2 protein expression increased (p<.001) in E (184137±7803 AU) and DE (189800±10856 AU) groups as compared to C (74201±8296AU) and D (72967±863 AU) groups. These results suggest that either exercise with or without caloric restriction increases the up-regulation of GLUT-4 and VAMP-2 in skeletal muscle of diabetic rats. However, GLUT-2 protein in liver was not affected by either exercise or exercise with caloric restriction.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.367-374
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• 2001

Conjugated linoleic acid(CLA) is a naturally occuring group of derivatives of linoleic acid found in beef and dairy products. CLA has reported to reduce body fat. This study was designed to observe the effect of CLA supplementation on fat accumulation and degradation in male Sprague Dawley rats. Seventy two rats, weighing 150-180g, were divided into 2 groups according to the types of dietary fat(beef tallow or fish oil) and then each group was divided into 2 groups depending on CLA supplementation, i.e., BT, BT-CLA, FO, FO-CLA. All rats were fed experimental diet containing total fat at 12%(w/w) including CLA at 1% for 30 weeks. At 30 weeks, rats were sacrificed to measure TG, free fatty acid level in plasma, TG, lipogenic enzymes in lever and fat cell size, LPL and HSL activities in epididymal fat fad. Fish oil supplemented with CLA diet showed significant reduction in the food efficiency and weight in 30 weeks-fed rats. CLA supplement did not effect on plasma TG, hepatic TG levels and lipogenic enzymes activities in rats, but, fish oil significantly reduced, The LPL and HSL activities did not affected by CLA supplement and n-3 fatty acid rich fish oil. In conclusion, the results suggest that CLA supplement was not a proper way to reduce the fat accumulation in Sprague Dawley rats. Fish oil supplemented with CLA might better way to reduce the body fatness than fish oil itself. Therefore, It is recommended that further study be performed related to physiological and biochemical effects of CLA supplementation and n-3 fatty acid in rats for the reduction of body fatness.(Korean J Nutrition 34(4) : 367∼374, 2001)

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.87-98
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• 1998

This study was conducted to investigate Osteoporosis on the effect of dietary factors and past young age period's dairy products consumption on BMD in 170 postmenopausal Korean women without diagnosed disease. Bone mineral density(BMD) of lumbar spine was investigated by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Dietary assesment of the subjects were measured by Cognitive Food Frequency Recall method. The measurements of group average were 57.9kg of body weight, 36.73 of BMI(Body Mass Index), 2103.3㎉ of energy, 638.7mg of dietary calcium, 70.3g of protein, and 10.58mg of iron. Nutrient intake levels were similar to or more than the level of Korean Recommended Dietary Allowances. Bone Mineral Density(BMD) of Lumbar spine(L2-L4) of group average was 0.912g/$\textrm{cm}^2$, and under 50 yr's 1,02g/$\textrm{cm}^2$, 50~54 yr's 0.92g/$\textrm{cm}^2$, 55~59 yr's 0.85g/$\textrm{cm}^2$, over 60 yr's 0.85g/$\textrm{cm}^2$, had been getting low degree on aging. BMD of the Lumbar spine was positively correlated with calorie, body weight, dietary calcium, protein, phosphorus and serum albumin. Past dairy products consumption experiment was highly significant on BMD in teenage period(R square = 26, p-value 0.0031). Particularly in over 60 yr group, the correlations between BMD and past dairy products consumption in teenage period had shown highly significance(r=0.48, p<0.02). 55~59 yr age group had also positive correlation(R squae = 0.29, p<0.05). This results confirm that the most effective way of preventing osteoporosis and the fractures is to maximize peak bone mass in early life and to minimize bone loss through the balanced intake of Ca and other nutrients and regular physical activity.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.33-40
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• 1988

A Study was conducted to investigate the effect of feeding Lactobacillus casei YS on the growing performance and gastrointestinal flora of the suckling piglets, which were delivered from 2 heads of three-way crossbred(Landrace$\times$Large White$\times$Duroc) pigs, for 4 weeks. The results from the present study was summarized as follows. Average body weight gains of feeding group was slightly better than that of control group and diarrhea was prevented by successive 7 days feeding. Population levels of lactic acid bacteria were maintained about 107 colony forming unit(cfu) per gram of the contents in both feeding and control group at upper parts of small intestine. In this part, coliform count was greatly reduced in (ceding group but not in control group. pH values of the intestinal contents were gradually decreased especially at the upper part of alimentary track of feeding group. Among lactic acid bacteria, L. salivarius, L. cases and L. fermentum were found most predominant strains in feeding group, Wheareas L. salivarius, L. acidophilus and L. cunts in control group. In the other hand, Escherichia coli recovered from scouring pigs were resistant to the drug such as streptomycin, ampicillin and sensitive to gentamycin and neomycin in vitro test.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.323-327
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• 2016

A man with only yellowing of the skin and eye sclera was diagnosed with clonorchiasis, which rarely manifested jaundice as the initial symptom. However, because of a lack of evidence for a diagnostic gold standard, the time until definitive diagnosis was more than a week. The diagnostic process relied on inquiring about the patient's history, including the place of residence, dietary habits, and symptoms, as well as on serological findings, an imaging examination, and pathological findings. MRCP and CT results showed mild dilatation of intrahepatic ducts and increased periductal echogenicity. The eggs were ultimately found in stool by water sedimentation method after the negative report through direct smear. DNA sequencing of PCR production of the eggs demonstrated 98-100% homology with ITS2 of Clonorchis sinensis. After anti-parasite medical treatment, the patient's symptoms were gradually relieved. Throughout the diagnostic procedure, besides routine examinations, the sedimentation method or concentration method could be used as a sensitive way for both light and heavy C. sinensis infection in the definite diagnosis.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.111-120
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate osteoporosis knowledge, health beliefs, and influencing factors on health behaviors among female college students. Methods: Using the Osteoporosis Quiz, the Health belief Scale, and the Health Behavior Questionnaire, data were collected from 314 female college students from 4 universities located in Chungcheong providence. Results: The mean scores of knowledge and health belief were $12.7{\pm}3.81$ and $90.9{\pm}12.66$, respectively. There was a statistically significant correlation between osteoporosis knowledge and health belief (p<.001). Also, a statistically significant correlation was found between health belief and health behavior (p<.001). According to the regression model, knowledge, perceived benefit, perceived barrier, family history of osteoporosis, and health interest explained 6.7% of total variance in health behavior. Conclusion: Female college students should be taught to be aware of the importance of proper dietary intake and regular exercise as a way to maintain or promote the health of their bones so that they can prevent osteoporosis.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.541-546
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• 2017

Feeding habits of dolphinfish Coryphaena hippurus, were analyzed. Fish samples were collected by using a purse seine, fishing and set net in the southern sea of Korea from January to December 2015. The size of C. hippurus ranged from 23.8 to 127.4 cm in fork length. The species with the highest percent index of relative importance (%IRI; the most important prey taxa) in the diets of C. hippurus were teleosts and cephalopod, including Engraulis japonicus, Thamnaconus modestus and Trachurus japonicus, Loligo edulis was the most frequently consumed cephalopods. Coryphaena hippurus also ate small amounts of amphipods and carid shrimp. The dietary compositions of C. hippurus was not significantly different among size classes or seasons (ANOSIM, P>0.05). As body size of C. hippurus increased the mean number of prey per stomach (mN/ST) tended to decrease, but the opposite trend was evident for mean weight of prey per stomach (mW/ST). The mN/ST and mW/ST also significantly varied with season (one-way ANOVA, P<0.05).

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.1023-1030
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• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between variables associated with oral health status in psychiatric patients and to provide basic information on oral health education program development for the psychiatric patients. Methods : Subjects were 151 psychiatric patients who filled out the structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed for independent t-test, one-way ANOVA and hierarchical multiple regression by using SPSS Win Program 18.0 version. Results : Higher DMFT index was shown in the older age(p<0.001) and low perceived oral health group(p<0.001). Higher DMFT index included no tooth brushing after breakfast(p=0.045), wrong tooth brushing method(p<0.001). Chewing discomfort(p=0.027) and denture(p=0.027) were closely related to higher DMFT index. Bread(p=0.033) and snack(p<0.001) increased DMFT index. Factors affecting oral health status were age, denture, snack and bread. The explanation power of the final model was 29.4%. Conclusions : Dietary control for the psychiatric patients is very important to prevent dental caries. Tooth brushing and use of oral hygiene devices can improve good oral health care. Furthermore, this result can improve the oral health care for the disabled people.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.327-334
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• 2019

The feeding habits of the bighead croaker Collichthys niveatus were studied using 745 specimens collected by bottom trawl net in the West Sea, Korea, in April and October of 2016, 2017 and 2018. The size of C. niveatus ranged from 4.8 to 16.0 cm in total length. The stomach contents analysis indicated that C. niveatus consumed mainly euphausiids and copepods. C. niveatus consumed mainly euphausiids and copepods in all size classes. The dietary compositions of C. niveatus was not significantly different among size classes (One-way ANOVA, P > 0.05). As body size of C. niveatus increased, the mean weight of prey per stomach (mW/ST) tended to increase.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.9-17
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• 1992

Indonesian dietary life in relation to tradition, customs, variety of food, condiments and spices, processing food and religious way of ceremony was studied through reference books and field trips. The result obtained are as follows: 1. Indonesian food life style has been influenced not only by foreign countries like India, China, Arab and Western countries but also religious commandments of Islamism, Hindusim and Budhism. 2. Indonesia has a wide territory and consist of many islands. Therefore, various food life style can be found in every regional areas. Modern westernized style as well as traditional style coexist together. 3. Chinese has influenced Indonesian food life as well as that of Koreans especially in soy sauce and rice cake. 4. Various type of steamed rice by adding other ingredients can be found in daily life and religious ceremony. 5. Coconut milk, raw spices, pepper are widely & exessively used in cooking and Tempe (soya bean cake) is one of the major protein sources in Indonesia. 6. In religious ceremony, SELAMATAN, various kind and shape of food with different colors symbolize the desire of those who contribute.