• 한국가금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가금학회 2005년도 제22차 정기총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.74-75
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• 2005

미역사료는 산란계의 질소 균형을 뱅코마이신 사료보다 유의하게(p<0.01) 높였으나 뇨산태 질소 배설량은 두 사료사이에 유의차가 없었다. 체중당 또는 대사 체중($kg^{0.75}$)당 ME 이용성은 미역사료와 뱅코마이신 사료에서 기초사료보다 낮으나, 실험 사료간 유의한 차이는 없었다. 산란계는 미역사료를 가장 많이 섭취(p<0.05)하였고, 산란일량은 미역사료에서 높았으며, 계란 생산성은 실험기간의 경과에 따라 유의하게 감소하였고(p<0.0001), 실험사료 사이에 유의차(p<0.001)가 있었다. 난각 두께는 미역사료가 기초사료보다 높았다. 하우 유니트는 미역사료에서 기초사료보다 높았고, 뱅코마이신 함유사료 급여 시 가장 낮았다. 미역 사료를 급여한 닭은, 기초사료에 비해서, 난백 CuZnSOD 활성, 적혈구의 MnSOD 활성과 혈장 과산화물 분해효소의 활성을 높였으나 혈장 과산화물 농도는 감소시켰고 PHA-P 자극에 의한 PBMC 증식도를 증가시켰다. 본 성적은 미역 2.0%사료는 산란계체내 단백질 합성 증가와 계란 생산성과 품질을 높이며, 이것은 계란과 혈액내 항산화계 조절과 혈액내 면역 세포 활성의 조절과 관계가 있다는 것을 나타내었다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.330-338
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• 1997

위암발증 원인을 밝히기 위하여 농촌지역 일반 주민들의 Helicobater pylori의 감염율과 생활습관 및 영양섭취 실태와의 상관관계를 검토하기 위하여 강원도 춘천시 인근 농촌 지역 주민들을 조사하였다. 조사 대상자는 40대 이상인 지역 주민 183명으로 남자 81명, 여자 102명에 대하여 설문조사와 식사량 조사, 혈액 생화학적 분석 및 혈청 ELISA법에 의한 Helicobater pylori의 감염 정도를 분석하였다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 조사 대상자의 학력은 74.3%가 국졸이하였고, 월수입은 80.3%가 100만원 이하였다. 2. 조사 대상자의 직업은 75.3%가 농업에 종사하였으며, 가족형태는 62.8%가 핵가족이었다. 3. 출산 자녀수는 75.9%가 2명에서 5명의 자녀를 출산하였고, 음주자는 46.4%이며 매일 술을 마시는 사람이 12%였다. 흡연자는 21.9%였으며, 비흡연자는 78.1%였다. 4. 평균신장은 157.4cm였고 여자의 평균 신장은 151.9cm, 남자의 평균 신장은 164.4cm였고 남녀간에 유의차가 있었다(p<0.001). 5. Helicobater pylori의 감염율은 총 조사 대상자 중 64.5%였으며, 남자가 65.4%, 여자가 63.7%였다. 감염율은 흡연자, 학력 수준이 낮을수록, 월수입이 적을수록, 출산 자녀수가 많을수록, 50대의 연령에서 많은 것으로 나타났다. 6. Helicobater pylori의 감염 음성자와 양성자간의 영양소 섭취실태를 보면 음성자가 에너지, 총지질(p<0.05), 동물성 지질(p<0.05), 철분 섭취량(p<0.001), 비타민 A의 섭취량(p<0.01), 비타민 C 섭취량(p<0.05)에 있어서 유의적으로 높은 섭취량을 나타내었다. 그러나 칼슘 섭취량은 음성인자가 낮았다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권8호
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• pp.1124-1131
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• 2012

Four Thai - rumen fistulated male swamp buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis), about four years old with $400{\pm}20kg$ liveweight, were randomly assigned according to a $4{\times}4$ Latin square design to receive dietary treatments. The treatments were: ground corn cob (GCC) replacement for cassava chip (CC) in concentrate at 0% (T1); GCC replacement at 33% (T2); GCC replacement at 67% (T3); and GCC replacement at 100% (T4), respectively. During the experiment, concentrate was offered at 0.5% BW while 5% urea-treated rice straw was given at ad libitum. The result revealed that there was no effect of GCC replacement on DMI among treatments. In addition, digestibilities of DM, OM and CP were not different while aNDF linearly increased with an increasing level of GCC replacement. However, GCC replacement did not affect rumen fermentation such as ruminal pH, $NH_3$-N and VFA concentration; except C3 proportion which was the highest at 33% replacement while the lowest was at 100% replacement. All replacements of GCC resulted in similar protozoal and bacterial populations and microbial protein synthesis (MPS). Purine derivatives (PD) concentration in urine and PD to creatinine (PDC) index were varied with time of urination and among treatments at 0 to 8 and 8 to 16 h post feeding and higher values were shown among the GCC replacement groups. However at 16 to 24 h-post feeding, it was untraceable. In addition, creatinine concentration was similar among all treatments at every sampling time. Based on the above results, GCC can be used as an energy source for swamp buffalo fed with rice straw. Spot sampling of urine can be used for purine derivatives determination.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권9호
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• pp.1458-1463
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• 2018

Objective: This study was done to evaluate the effect of sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate (SSL) supplementation in a total mixed ration (TMR) on the lactation performance, blood parameters, and economic efficacy of mid-lactation Holstein cows. Methods: Twenty-four cows (body weight $647{\pm}11.7kg$) were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups, with six cows per group. The dietary treatments were as follows: basal diet (CON); CON+17.5 g of top dressed SSL (treatment [TRT] 0.05); CON+35 g of SSL (TRT 0.1); and CON+70 g of SSL (TRT 0.2) per 35 kg TMR. Results: The highest level of SSL supplementation (TRT 0.2) significantly improved milk yield during the second period compared to the TRT 0.05 group (5 to 8 wks; 33.28 vs 31.09 kg/d), during the third period compared to both the CON and TRT 0.05 groups (p<0.05) (9 to 13 wks; 32.59 vs 30.64 and 30.01 kg/d) and during the overall experimental period compared to both the CON and TRT 0.05 groups (p<0.05) (1 to 13 wks; 33.43 vs 32.06 and 31.40 kg/d), respectively. No negative effects on hematological or biochemical parameters were observed due to SSL supplementation. Considering both the milk fat and protein content, the total milk price was set at 1,073.60 (TRT 0.05), 1,085.60 (TRT 0.1), 1,086.10 (TRT 0.2), and 1,064.20 (CON) won/L, with consequent total milk profits of -1.7%, 5.4%, and 3.5% for the TRT 0.05, TRT 0.1, and TRT 0.2 diet, respectively, compared to those in the CON diet. Conclusion: The milk sales revenue related to SSL supplementation of the TRT 0.1 diet was increased by up to 5.4% compared to the milk sales revenue of the CON diet. Therefore, 0.1% SSL supplementation might be effective and profitable during the mid-lactation period of cows, without producing adverse effects.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권9호
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• pp.1444-1454
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• 2020

Objective: Cold stress induces oxidative damage and impairs energy status of broilers. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) exhibits antioxidant properties and modulates energy metabolism of animals. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of NAC on energy status and antioxidant capacity of heart and liver in the cold-stressed broilers. Methods: The experiment consisted of 4 treatments in a 2×2 factorial arrangement with two diets (basal diet or plus 0.1% NAC) and two ambient temperatures (thermoneutral [conventional ambient temperature] or cold stress [10℃±1℃ during days 15 to 42]). Results: No ascites were seen in cold-stressed broilers. NAC did not attenuate the impaired growth performance of stressed birds. However, NAC decreased plasma asparagine but increased aspartate levels in cold-stressed birds (p<0.05). NAC reduced hepatic adenosine triphosphate (ATP) but elevated adenosine diphosphate contents in unstressed birds (p<0.05). The hepatic ratio of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to ATP was increased in birds fed NAC (p<0.05). NAC decreased plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) level and cardiac total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity in unstressed birds, but increased hepatic activities of T-SOD, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in stressed birds (p<0.05). NAC down-regulated hepatic AMP-activated protein kinase but up-regulated cardiac heme-oxigenase mRNA expression in stressed birds, and decreased expression of hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator-1α as well as hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in liver and heart of birds. Conclusion: Dietary NAC did not affect energy status but enhanced the hepatic antioxidant capacity by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes in cold-stressed broilers.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제40권sup권
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• pp.9-21
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• 2007

This study aimed to assess the total sugar intake for Korean and to identify major food sources contributing to those food components. Korean adults aged over 20 years old from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2001 and 2002 were selected. The data were analyzed to obtain nationally and seasonally representative information on the health and nutritional status of the Korean. Forty food groups were used in identifying food sources of total sugar and energy intake. Total sugar contents of foods in the KNHANES data sets were estimated by food code matching technique with Release 18 of the USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference. Sample weighted means, standard errors, and population percentages were calculated using SAS and SUDAAN. The mean total sugar intake of the Korean was 60.3g in 2001, 40.9g in spring 2002, 45.7g in summer 2002, and 52.1g in fall 2002, which were 30-44% of intake of US people. Fresh fruit was identified as the most significant food source for total sugar intake in Korean population in all age groups and all seasons. The next major food sources following fresh fruits were candy/jelly/syrup/honey, coffee/coffee caream, vegetables, Kimchi, soft drinks, milk, fruit juice, cookie/cracker/cake, and vegetable juice/grain juice, which showed similar results through the seasons. While carbonated soft drink was the most significant food sources for total sugar or added sugar intakes for US people. The total sugar intakes were significantly higher in women, higher educational level, and residing in metropolitan area. As intake of total sugar increased, intakes of protein, fiber, calcium, phosphorus, iron, Vit A, B1, B2, C, niacin showed significantly increased, while high intakes of added sugars showed low intakes of some micronutrients in the US people. Percentages of people who consumed nutrients below EAR were less in higher total sugar intake group than in lower intake group. From these results, we can conclude that the food consumption habits including the total sugar intake of Korean people seems relatively good so far. More reliable database of total sugar and added sugar composition tables in public domain should be established in the future, and also more researches about total sugar and added sugar for Koreans should be continued.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.786-791
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• 2010

The effects of fermented garlic powder on production performance, egg quality, blood profiles and fatty acid composition of egg yolk in laying hens were studied in a 35-d experiment. Two-hundred and forty (ISA brown) layers aged 41 weeks were randomly allocated into the following four treatments: i) CON (basal diet); ii) G1 (CON+fermented garlic powder 1.0%); iii) G2 (CON+fermented garlic powder 2.0%) and iv) G3 (CON+fermented garlic powder 3.0%). There were no differences (p>0.05) among treatments in egg production, egg weight, eggshell breaking strength and eggshell thickness throughout the whole experimental period. However, yolk height was increased significantly (p<0.05) by the addition of fermented garlic powder during the 5th week while yolk color was greater (p<0.05) in G2 and G3 than in CON and G1 in the 5th week. Compared with CON, Haugh unit was increased (p<0.05) in response to fermented garlic powder treatments during the 5th week. No significant effects on total protein, albumin and IgG were observed in response to any of the treatments over the experimental period (p>0.05). There was a significant (p<0.05) reduction in plasma cholesterol concentration when the dietary level of fermented garlic powder was increased from 0.0 to 3.0%. The levels of saturated fatty acids (SFA) were significantly decreased (p<0.05) in response to G2 and G3 while monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) were higher (p<0.05) in G2 and G3 treatment groups than in CON and G1. Compared with other treatments, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and PUFA:SFA ratio were higher (p<0.05) in G3. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that addition of fermented garlic powder reduced plasma cholesterol concentration and did not cause adverse effects on production performance. Moreover, addition of 3.0% garlic powder decreased SFA but increased PUFA and PUFA:SFA ratio in egg yolk.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.476-479
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• 2007

복분자딸기(Rubus coreanus Miq.) 과실부의 성숙시기(미숙과, 중간숙과, 완숙과)에 따른 이화학적 특성을 조사하였다. 수분함량은 복분자딸기가 완숙과가 되었을 때 100g당 81.4g으로 가장 크게 증가하였으며, 단백질${\cdot}$회분${\cdot}$식이섬유는 미숙과일때가 중간숙과와 완숙과에 비하여 약간 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 과실이 성숙 할수록 당도와 유리당 함량은 증가하였으며, 산도는 중간숙과 일 때 3.38%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 복분자딸기 미숙과, 중간숙과, 완숙과에서는 17종의 아미노산이 분리되었으며, 이 중 aspartic acid의 함량이 가장 높았으며 각각 546.55, 383.56, 375.08 mg% 함유되어 있었다. 총 아미노산 함량의 경우도 과실이 성숙될수록 아미노산 함량이 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 무기질 함량은 과실의 성숙도와 관계없이 전체적으로 칼륨의 함량이 가장 높았으며, 그 외 Ca > Mg > P > Na > Fe 순으로 함유되어 있다. 또한 총 무기질 함량은 미숙과가 중간숙과나 완숙과에 비하여 높은 값을 나타내었다.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.63-82
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• 2009

본 논문은 지렁이를 이용한 계분처리 그리고 지렁이를 이용한 계육 및 계란의 생산과 안전성에 관한 연구에 대해서 정리하였다. 1. 대구교육대학교 내 지렁이가 계분을 양질의 물질로 전환시키는 친환경 계사가 만들어졌다. 2. 높은 단백질 함량과 균형 잡힌 아미노산 및 양질의 지방산을 포함하는 지렁이 분말은 단위동물의 사료원으로 최상이다. 3. 육계의 사료 중 $0.2{\sim}0.4%$의 지렁이 분말의 첨가는 사료 중 단백질 소화율을 개선시켜서 생산성을 증가시켰다. 4. 산란계에서의 지렁이 분말 $0.2{\sim}0.6%$ 첨가는 산란성적을 개선시켰으며, 계란의 질 특히 난황중의 n-6/n-3의 균형을 개선시켰다. 5. 지렁이 분말 중에 As, Cd, Cr, Hg 및 Pb 등의 중금속이 소량 검출되었으나 이 지렁이 분말을 사료첨가제로 먹고 생산된 계육과 계란에서는 상기에 제시한 중금속이 검출되지 않았다. 그러므로 지렁이 분말을 첨가제로 생산된 계육과 계란은 중금속의 축적에서 안전하다고 할 수 있다. 5. 본 연구에서는 지렁이는 친환경 축산에도 매우 중요한 소재로 활용가능하다는 것을 시사하였다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제43권12호
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• pp.61-78
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• 2005

This study was peformed to assess the relationships among bone mineral density(BMD), nutrient intake and lifestyle factors in postmenopausal women. A trained nutritionist examined the interviewed usual dietary intake and physical activity of 85 subjects in Chungnam with a questionnaire interview, and BMDs of the lumbar spines($L_2-L_4$), femoral necks(FN), ward's triangles(WT) and trochanters(TR) were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The BMDs(T-score) of $L_2-L_4$, FN, and WT were $0.996g/cm^2(-1.601),\;0.697g/cm^2(-1.697)$, and $0.793g/cm^2(-1.512)$, respectively, which were assessed as osteopenia by T-score,. and TR was normal at $0.718g/cm^2(-0.675)$. Subjects included 85 in Chungnam were divided into three groups according to the BMD measurement of the $L_2-L_4$ and FN assessed by T-score. The percentages of the osteoporosis, osteopenia, and normal groups were $32.9\%,\;42.4\%$ and $24.7\%$ respectively. The average age was significantly the highest of the osteoporosis group than in the other two osteopenia or normal groups(P<0.001). Among lifestyle factors, the BMD of lifestyles was significantly related with exercise but it was not significant with medication., salt. intake, bone fracture, coffee consumption, drinking and smoking. The nutrient intake of the subjects was most nutrient intake adequate to the Korean RDA level for most nutrients excepting energy intakes and calcium. The BMD of lumbar spines $L_2-L_4$ showed significant positive association with the intake of most nutrients except carbohydrate, especially in the normal group. The Higher BMD levels were found for those with high intake of protein and vitamin B1. The BMDs of $L_2-L_4$, and FN were positively correlated with showed energy expenditure, exercise, miscellaneous activity, per weekend and week(P<0.05) in normal group but that was showed negatively correlated in the osteopenia group. Therefore, this study confirmed that one of the most effective ways to minimize bone less in postmenopausal women is to maintain an adequate intake of calcium and other nutrients and regular physical activity.