• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.83-97
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• 2020

본 연구는 비만과 영양 관리가 필요한 30세 이상의 유방암 환자 43명을 대상으로 모바일 기기를 활용하여 영양관리를 통한 비만 및 식습관 개선 효과를 조사하였다. 중재 연구 이후 시험군의 체중은 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았으나 0.8 kg 감소하였으며, WHR은 0.75에서 0.71로 유의하게 감소하였다 (p = 0.012). 또한 영양지수가 61.3점에서 69.6점으로 유의적으로 높아졌으나 (p < 0.001) 대조군은 61.5점에서 59.0점으로 유의적으로 낮아졌으며 (p = 0.002) 중재 후 영양지수 변화를 두 군 간에 비교한 결과에서도 유의적인 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다 (p < 0.001). 식품섭취빈도 조사 결과에서 과일, 우유 및 유제품, 콩 및 콩제품, 생선 및 조개류, 육류 및 육가공품, 가금류, 견과류 섭취빈도의 경우 시험군에서만 유의적으로 증가하였으며, 과자 및 달거나 기름진 빵, 라면류, 외식 또는 배달음식의 섭취빈도는 시험군에서만 유의적으로 감소하였다. 식이기록법 결과에서도 비타민C, 칼륨, 철분 섭취량이 유의적으로 증가하여 시험군의 식습관이 전체적으로 개선된 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 그러나 본 연구는 중재기간이 4주밖에 되지 않아 신체활동과 삶의 질의 경우 시험군과 대조군을 비교하였을 때 뚜렷한 효과가 관찰되지 않았다. 따라서 이러한 연구 결과를 활용하여 유방암환자들을 위한 비만 관리 프로그램의 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.35-53
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• 1996

The objective of the health promotion program was to strengthen the ability and willingness of individuals in the course of each stage of their lives to take action in support of their health and that of their families and communities in the home, the place of work and the school, and during recreation. The purpose of this study was to assess the need of school health promotion through health care behavior survey about diet, accident prevention, cigarette smoking experience, personal hygiene, visual impairment prevention, exercise, and environment protection. The subjects of this study were 914 students composed of Samrye, Bongdong, Samrye-Dong, Iseo, and Songkwang elementary school in Wanju area. The data were collected by questionaire corrected for the purpose of this study which had been developed by WHO, ‘Health behavior in school children’. These were carried out from March 20 to April 20, 1996. The data was analyzed by frequency, percentage, χ²-test with SPSS-PC+ program. The results were as follows. 1. Diet related behavior 1) Girl students eat less breakfast than male students. 2) Girl students eat less 3 times a day than male students. 3) The rate of eating nutritious medicine was high in order of 4th, 6th, and 5th graders. 4) Girl students drink less milk than male students. 5) The intake frequency of eating between meals was high in order of 6th, 5th, and 4th grader. 2. Cigarette smoking behavior 1) The rate of cigarette smoking rarely was high in 5th grader. 2) Male students smoke cigarette more than girl students. 3. Personal hygiene related behavior 1) The rate of washing hands after using toilet room was low in order of 4th, 5th, and 6th graders. 2) The rate of washing hands after using toilet room was low in male students. 3) The rate of washing hands when entering home from outdoor was low in male students. 4) The tooth brushing frequency before going to bed was low in male students. 5) The tooth brushing frequency was low in male students. 6) The rate of bathing was most low in 4th grader. 7) The rate of bathing was low in male students. 4. Visual impairment preventive behavior 1) The distance between eyes and book was near in order of 6th, 5th, and 4th graders. 5. Exercise 1) The exercise time in school was less in 4th grader. 2) The exercise time in school was less in girl students. 3) The exercise time out of school was less in 4th grader. 4) The exercise time out of school was less in girl students. 5) The self evaluation score about exercise ability was low in girl students. 6. Environment related behavior D The rate of collecting waste separately in school was most low in 4th grader.

• 대한감각통합치료학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.63-76
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• 2009

목적: 본 연구는 감각통합기능장애를 가진 아동을 대상으로 2주간에 걸친 집중치료프로그램을 제공하였을 때 미치는 효과를 알아보기 위한 것이며, 사후 평가를 통하여 감각통합기능의 유지 여부를 알아보았다. 연구방법: 단일사례연구로써 2주간 9회기 1회기에 40분씩 치료접근을 실시하고, 가정에서 Sensory diet와 더불어 Wilbarger Protocol을 실시하였다. 초기평가와 1차 재평가 사이의 시간은 15일이며 5개월 후 2차 재평가를 실시하였다. 결과: 집중치료프로그램 적용 후 아동은 전반적인 감각영역에서 감각방어가 감소되었고, 자기조절(수면, 각성)이 향상되었다. 또한 실행과 시-지각에서도 향상을 보였으며, 정서적 안정과 일상생활에서도 향상을 보였다. 프로그램 적용 5개월 후 감각조절능력, 안정적인 수면은 유지되고 시-지각에서도 지속적인 발달을 보였지만 정서적인 안정은 지속되지 않았다. 결론: 집중치료프로그램이 긍정적인 효과가 있음을 알 수 있었고, 집중치료프로그램 적용 후 치료적 접근이 없어도 대부분의 감각영역에서 감각조절능력을 유지할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.118-125
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• 2022

Background: A time course analysis was undertaken to evaluate how perioperative process-of-care and outcome measures evolved after implementation of an enhanced recovery after thoracic surgery (ERATS) program. Methods: Outcome and process-of-care measures were compared between patients undergoing major elective thoracic surgery during a 9-month pre-ERATS implementation period to those at 1-3, 4-6, and 7-9 months post-ERATS implementation. Outcome measures included length of stay, the 30-day readmission rate, 30-day emergency department visits, and minor and major adverse events. Process measures included first time to activity, out-of-bed, ambulation, fluid diet, diet as tolerated, as well as removal of the first and last chest tube, epidural, patient-controlled analgesia, and Foley and intravenous catheters. Results: In total, 704 patients (352 pre-ERATS, 352 post-ERATS) were included. Mobilization-related process measures, including time to first activity (16.5 vs. 6.8 hours, p<0.001), out-of-bed (17.6 vs. 8.9 hours, p<0.001), and ambulation (32.4 vs. 25.4 hours, p=0.04) saw statistically significant improvements by 1-3 months post-ERATS implementation compared to pre-ERATS. Time to Foley removal improved by 4-6 months post-ERATS (19.5 vs. 18.2 hours, p=0.003). Outcome measures, including the 30-day readmission rate and emergency department visits, steadily decreased post-ERATS. By 7-9 months post-ERATS, both minor (18.2% vs. 7.9%, p=0.009) and major (13.6% vs. 4.4%, p=0.007) adverse events demonstrated statistically significant improvements. Length of stay trended towards improvement from 6.2 days pre-ERATS to 4.8 days by 7-9 months post-ERATS (p=0.06). Conclusion: The adoption of ERATS led to improvements in multiple process-of-care measures, which may collectively and gradually achieve optimization of clinical outcomes.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.67-80
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to identify hindlimb muscle atrophy in stroke induced rat and determine the effect of endurance exercise on body weight, weight of hindlimb muscle during 7 days after stroke induction. Thirty four male Sprague-Dawley rats with 200-270g body weight were divided into four groups : control, control+exercise(Con+Ex), stroke, and exercise after stroke(St+Ex) group. The control group and Con+Ex group received sham operation and the stroke group and St+Ex group received right MCA occlusion operation by using silicon-coated probe. The Con+Ex and St+Ex groups ran on a treadmill for 20min/day at 10m/min and $10^{\circ}grade$. Daily body weight and diet intake were measured every morning for 7 days. Cerebral infarction of stroke and St+Ex groups were identified by staining with TCC for 30minutes. The data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test using the SPSSWIN 9.0 program. Body weight of the control group at the 7th day increased by 18.3% significantly from the first day of experiment, that of the stroke group at the 7th day decreased by 6.7% significantly compared to the day of receiving right MCA occlusion operation. Body weight of the Con+Ex group at the 7th day increased by 10.3% significantly form the first day of experiment, that of St+Ex group at the 7th day also increased by 13.4% significantly compared to the day of receiving right MCA occlusion operation. The total amount of diet in stroke group decreased significantly compared to that of St+Ex and that of control group. In stroke group the wet weight of both sides of soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius muscles decreased significantly compared to that of control group. The relative weight of affected(left) plantaris and gastrocnemius muscles decreased significantly compared to that of the control group. The difference between the weight of affected and unaffected soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius muscles were not significant in stroke group. The wet weight of right gastrocnemius muscles in Con+Ex group increased compared to that of control group. The relative weight of right gastrocnemius muscle increased significantly compared to that of the control group. The wet weight of St+Ex group increased significantly compared to that of the stroke group in both sides of soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius muscles. The relative weight of affected plantaris muscle increased significantly compared to that of the stroke group. The difference between the weight of affected and unaffected soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius muscles were not significant in St+Ex group. Body weight and wet weight of soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius muscles in the St+Ex group did not recover to the values of control group. Based on these results, it can be suggested that endurance exercise during acute stage of stroke can reduce muscle atrophy related to denervation, inactivity and undernutrition.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.38-53
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• 2001

The main purpose of this study was to present the basic materials that help the nursing of the infants and consultation of childcare by examinating the knowledge and practice of the mothers about the weaning diet. The data for this study was collected from 205 mothers with infants(6-36 months) who visited two hospitals or one university hospital in Seoul, who were living in one apartment Suwon area between July. 7. and September 10, 2000. The 57 questionnaires were used for collecting the data and SAS program was used to analyse the data. The results are as follows. 1. The items of low score in the result of the knowledge data were as follows. [Initial weaning time, the important nutritional problem in infant, considering factor during feeding, the relation of proper weaning food & age, the time of used by cup, to apply of proper spicies in weaning food, the time of completing weaning, the time of stopping weaning at abnormal sign, and the inappopriate reason of dry mixed powdered food (Sunsik) as a weaning food.] 2. Higher educated mothers presented more high score than lower educated mothers in the knowledge about the weaning. (p<0.05) 3. Before the weaning, more mothers were using the commercial milk (51.2%) than the breast milk (13.2%). 4. Mothers get the knowledge about the weaning from the infants care book of cook books(26.4%). 68% of mothers had not received any consulting service with regard to the weaning, 10.2% of them consulted Pediatrician about the weaning and 0.5% of them with nurse. 5. Most mothers began supplymentary food, from four to six months (65.4%). the ratio was about the same as the ratio of mothers who knEw the appropriate time for the introduction of supplymentary food(83.2%) 6. The main solid food was commercial food, not home-prepared food. 7. Higher educated mothers used home-prepared weaning food more often than lower educated mothers(P<0.05). 8. The used rate by spoon was 57.4%, but the rate of mother's knowledge data was 95.0%. 9. The time of completing the weaning was in 12-18 months(53.8%). It is similar to the mother's knowledge data(52.7%) Conclusion ; According to knowledge data, it turns out that most mothers know moderatly about the weaning (everage 60/100). However their knowledge and practice on the methods & procedures on the weaning were inadquate. Especially, most mothers did not consult with those qualification about the weaning. Therefore, the role of the nurse as a provider of information on the weaning should be emphasized with varied educational programs in many health care center.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권9호
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• pp.1267-1278
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• 2009

Three beef steers fitted with permanent cannulae in the rumen and duodenum were used to determine the effects of protein supply from soyhulls (SH) and wheat bran (WB) on ruminal metabolism, blood metabolites, nitrogen metabolism, nutrient digestion and concentrations of soluble non-ammonia nitrogen (SNAN) in ruminal (RD) and omasal digesta (OD). In a 3${\times}$3 Latin square design, steers were offered rice straw and concentrates formulated either without (control) or with two brans to increase crude protein (CP) level (9 vs. 11% dietary DM for control and bran-based diets, respectively). The brans used were SH and WB that had similar CP contents but different ruminal CP degradability (52 vs. 80% CP for SH and WB, respectively) for evaluating the effects of protein degradability. Ruminal ammonia concentrations were higher for bran diets (p<0.01) than for the control, and for WB (p<0.001) compared to the SH diet. Similarly, microbial nitrogen and blood urea nitrogen were significantly increased (p<0.05) by bran and WB diets, respectively. Retained nitrogen tended (p<0.082) to be increased by SH compared with the WB diet. Intestinal and total tract CP digestion was enhanced by bran diets. In addition, bran diets tended (p<0.085) to increase intestinal starch digestion. Concentrations of SNAN fractions in RD and OD were higher (p<0.05) for bran diets than for the control, and for WB than for the SH diet. More rumendegraded protein supply resulting from a higher level and degradability of CP released from SH and WB enhanced ruminal microbial nitrogen synthesis and ruminal protein degradation. Thus, free amino acids, peptides and soluble proteins from microbial cells as well as degraded dietary protein may have contributed to increased SNAN concentrations in the rumen and, consequently, the omasum. These results indicate that protein supply from SH and WB, having a low level of protein (13 and 16%, respectively), could affect ruminal metabolism and nutrient digestion if inclusion level is relatively high (>20%).

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.51-69
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of cerebral ischemia on affected(Lt) and unaffected(Rt) side of soleus, plantaris and gastrocnemius muscle mass and determine the effect of exercise on affected and unaffected side on soleus, plantaris and gastrocnemius muscle mass during acute stage of stroke. Sixteen male Sprague-Dawley rate with 200-270g body weight were randomly divided into three groups: control, stroke, and exercise after stroke(St+Ex) group. The control group received sham operation and the stroke group and St+Ex group received transient right MCA(middle cerebral artery) occlusion operation. The St+Ex groups ran on a treadmill for 20min/day at 10m/min and $10^{\circ}$ grade for 6days. During the experimental period body weight and diet intake was measured every morning. On the 7th day after operation, muscles were dissected from both affected and unaffected side of hindlimb. Cerebral infarction of stroke and St+Ex groups were identified by staining with TCC for 30 minutes. The data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test using the SPSSWIN 9.0 program. Significance was accepted at the level of p<0.05. The results were summarized follows : 1) There were no significant difference of the body weight on the first day of experiment among 3 groups. Whereas on the 7th day, the body weight of both stroke group and St+Ex group were significantly smaller than that of control group. Body weight of St+Ex group on the 7th day tended to be larger than that of stroke group. 2) Total diet intake of both stroke group and St+Ex group were also significantly smaller than that of control group. While total amount of diet intake in St+Ex group tended to be larger than that of stroke group. 3) The weight of gastrocnemius muscle of affected side in stroke group significantly decreased compared to that of control group and the weight of soleus and plantaris muscle of affected side in stroke group tended to decrease compared to that of control group. 4) The weight of plantaris muscle of unaffected side in stroke group significantly decreased compared to that of control group and the weight of soleus and gastrocnemius muscle of unaffected side in stroke group tended to decrease compared to those of control group. 5) The weight of gastrocnemius muscle of affected side in stroke group significantly decreased compared to that of unaffected side and there was no significant difference of the weight of soleus and plantaris muscle in stroke group between affected side and unaffected side. 6) The weight of soleus, plantaris and gastrocnemius muscle of both affected side and unaffected side in St+Ex group had a tendency of increase compared to those of stroke group. The relative weight of soleus and gastrocnemius muscle of affected side and soleus muscle of unaffected side in St+Ex group had a tendency to increase compared to those of stroke group. Based on these results, exercise during acute stage of stroke might attenuate muscle atrophy of both affected and unaffected side of hindlimb muscles.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.125-134
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to analyze roles and duties of officials in charge of school foodservice in city, province and district 'Offices of Education'. For this purpose, the list of roles/duties of officials was developed through in-depth interviews, content analysis, and delphi technique. The list which includes 56 duty items in 8 dimensions was used for developing a questionnaire. A total of 282 questionnaires from 102 Offices of Education were used for the analysis. The school foodservice officials regarded 'budget management', 'facilities & labor management', 'developing long-term plan', and 'inspection & evaluation' as important. 'Education and research' and ‘management of nutrition, diet, and food materials' showed higher level of importance and need for support compared to its frequencies of work. There was no significant difference among city, provincial, and district Offices of Education on the levels of importance for each area/category. However, 'Officials in the District Offices of Education' needed more support in the area/category of 'facility & labor management'(p < .01). In addition, there was a significant difference between actual and ideal proportion of work in 'education & research'(p < .001), 'management of nutrition, diet and food'(p < .01), 'other supports for school foodservice'(p < .05) amongst the officials in 'City & Province Offices of Education'. For 'officials in the District Offices of Education', actual and ideal proportion of work was different in 'planning & coordination'(p < .01), 'school foodservice program management'(p < .001), 'education & research' (p < .001), 'management of nutrition, diet and food materials'(p < .001), and 'budget management'(p < .001). The results of this study showed that the areas of 'budget management', 'facility & labor management', and 'developing long-term plan', inspection & evaluation' needed more support for 'City & Province Offices of Education'. 'Officials in the District Offices of Education' also needed more support in the areas of 'budget management' and 'facility & labor management'.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.493-501
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• 2008

The objectives of this study were to investigate the antihyperglycemic and hypolipidmic effects of sea oak(Eisenia bicyclis, EB) in the diabetic state and to examine the appropriateness of formulated EB pill for the effects. The various test materials obtained from EB were included in the experimental diets with 15% fat/0.5% cholesterol and fed to streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice weighing $35.0{\pm}0.7$ g for three weeks but not in the control diet having the same composition. The test materials were EB dry powder, water and ethanol extracts, viscozyme-treated EB water extract(EB enzyme-TR) and formulated pill containing dry powders of the EB, two kinds of seaweed, black soybean, sesame, onion and garlic. BG was measured during feeding period and serum insulin, lipids and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS) and intestinal disaccharidase activities were measured at the end of the three weeks of the feeding. BG increase was lower in the EB enzyme-TR group after 10 days of the experimental diet but lower in EB pill group after 15 days compared with the control group. Serum insulin levels were higher in the EB enzyme-TR and EB pill groups. Intestinal maltase but not sucrase activity was higher in EB enzyme-TR fed group than the control group. Serum levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride were reduced by the EB enzyme-TR and EB pill compared with the control diet. HDL-/total cholesterol was increased by all EB test materials. Serum TBARS levels were lower in the EB ethanol extract and EB pill groups than in the control group and tended to be lower in the other EB groups. It is concluded that the EB enzyme-TR is the best among the EB preparations to be utilized as a functional component for improving blood glucose and lipid profile in diabetic subjects in the future. However, the pill containing low level of the EB powder is also regarded as effective and readily usable when formulated with the several other ingredients of the proper composition.(Supported by the RIC Program of MOCIE, Korea).