• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.847-885
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• 2002

본 연구는 임상영양 분야의 전문 웹사이트로서 신장질환 환자를 위한 식사관리 및 영양평가프로그램을 개발하기 위하여 수행되었다 프로그램은 신장질환을 신증후군, 신부전증, 혈액투석 및 복막투석으로 분류하고 식단 및 영양관리 프로그램과 식사섭취의 진단 및 평가 프로그램으로 구성하였다. 프로그램은 신장질환별 영양권장량 및 표준체중 파일, 식사섭취자료, 식품 및 영양소 데이터베이스 파일, 음식영양소 함량 파일, 영양소별 20순위 식품 파일, 신장질환별 식단 및 일일 식단표 파일, 식사력 조사 및 평가 파일, 식사요법 및 영양관리 파일 등을 데이터 베이스로 하여 사용자가 편리하게 이용할 수 있도록 웹 페이지 형식으로 만들어졌다. 사용자는 인터넷 사이트로 들어가 자신의 신장질환 및 일반사항 등을 입력함으로서 표준체중, 체격지수, 열량 및 단백질, 나트륨 등의 영양소 필요량과 함께 사용자의 BUN, Cr, na, K, Ca, P Ccr, Alb이 표준수치와 비교 제시된다. 사용자의 열량 및 영양소 필요양에 대한 정보를 이용하여 그 환자에게 알맞은 10일간의 식단이 제공되며 그 중 원하는 식단의 선택에 따라 식품명, 섭취량, 목측량이 표시된 구체적인 일일 식단표도 제공받을 수 있다. 사용자가 자신이 섭취한 음식에 대하여 영양섭취상태를 평가받으려면 식사섭취 진단 항목을 클릭한 후 섭취 음식 입력 항목을 선택하여 날짜별, 식사별로 자신이 하루동안 섭취한 음식 및 섭취량 등을 입력하고 영양섭취상태를 클릭하면 식사별, 식품군별로 다양하게 식사섭취상태의 진단과 영양평가를 받을 수 있다. 또한 각 신장질환에 따른 식사력 조사 및 상담\ulcorner평가를 이용함으로서 자신의 식습관 및 식사요법 등에 있어서 문제점을 파악할 수 있도록 하였다. 이밖에 신장 질환별로 식품선택방법, 외식, 조리법, 식품교환표 등 환자들이 자신의 영양관리를 하는데 필요한 모든 정보를 제공받을 수 있도록 하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.1475-1481
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• 2003

The aim of this paper was to use the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS), that reports diet energy and protein value and animal requirements, as net energy for lactation ($NE_1$) and metabolizable protein (MP) respectively, to evaluate some rations for lactating Italian Mediterranean buffaloes. The investigation was carried out on six farms in the province of Caserta (southern Italy), where the milk production was controlled four times monthly on 10 animals (changing every time) chosen at different lactation days (5 categories): <2 months (A), 2-4 months (B), 4-6 months (C), 6-8 months (D), >8 months (E). Milk fat and protein were determined. Diet $NE_1$ and MP were estimated with the CPM-Dairy program (1998) using diet component chemical characteristics; then energy and protein intakes were estimated. $NE_1$ and MP requirements were estimated with two methods: 1) using CPM-Dairy that considers produced milk, fat and protein content, lactation phase and body condition score as main factors; 2) by applying the theory that to produce 1 kg of energy corrected milk, the buffalo needs 3.56 MJ of $NE_1$ and the efficiency to convert the absorbed aminoacids into milk protein is lower than cow (CNCPS). As regards energy, with method 1 the requirements were satisfactory starting from category A (4 out of 6 farms) and category B (5/6 farms); however, a surplus resulted for category E (5/6 farms). With method 2 a deficit in category A (5/6 farms) and B (3/6 farms) was observed, while the energy requirements were satisfied for all categories except E, where on only one buffalo farm had a surplus of energy intake. As regards protein, with method 1 the requirements were substantially satisfied for all the categories except E (3/6 farms); with method 2 the MP trend was much less favourable than with method 1. Indeed, a protein deficit was observed for all animals in categories A and B (5/6 farms). Moreover, on one farm the protein intake never satisfied animal requirements. In our experimental conditions, the use of the CNCPS to characterise diets for lactating buffalo and to calculate their requirements led to satisfactory results. By contrast, we cannot say the same for method 2, which applies a lower use efficiency of NE and MP for lactation in buffalo compared to cow.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.84-93
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• 2018

This study was conducted to develop a pasture feeding program for reducing the Hanwoo feeding cost. Italian ryegrass (IRG) is a major plant which is abundantly produced in the southern area of South Korea. Locally produced Italian ryegrass has a 30 - 50% reduced pasture cost compared to imported pasture grasses. We hypothesized that Italian ryegrass feed could reduce the feeding cost but not change the physiological characteristics of the Hanwoo steers in the feedlot. Four treatments (Control, short fed IRG silage, long fed IRG silage, and IRG hay) in a completely random design were used to feed 27 Hanwoo steers. Three or four steers were fed in the same pen, and 8 pens were used for the treatments. Blood was drawn from each steer on the first week of every month from 11 to 30 months. Overall, the average daily gain and feed efficiency were not different among the treatments (p < 0.05) except for the final fattening diets (p < 0.05). The long fed IRG silage group had a low ADG compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). The serum non-esterified fatty acid and glucose concentrations were reduced during the fattening periods (p < 0.05); however, the serum albumin, total proteins, triglycerides, and phosphorus were increased during the fattening periods (p < 0.05). The carcass weight, longissimus muscle area and back-fat thickness were low in the long fed IRG silage group (p < 0.05). The IRG diet induced saturated fatty acids in the longissimus dorsi (p < 0.05). These results show that the IRG diet increased the serum triglycerides but reduced the glucose level at the final fattening diet and decreased the meat yield score in Hanwoo steers.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.117-128
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• 2010

본 연구는 대구 경북의 6개 중학교에 재학 중인 1, 2, 3학년 남녀 493명을 대상으로 식생활 수업에 관한 내용, 영양지식, 식습관 및 식태도, 식생활의 실제적인 도움정도에 관한 내용을 설문조사를 통해 실시되었다. 기술 가정교과의 식생활영역 수업 만족도는 보통이 43.5%로 가장 많았고 수업에 만족하지 않는 이유로는 지루한 강의식 수업이어서가 10.1%로 가장 높았다. 가장 많이 원하는 수업형태는 실험 실습수업이었고(75.4%), 조리실습이 가장 관심이 많았으며(53.0%), 가정과의 식생활 교육이 실제 생활에 도움을 주는 정도는 3.30/5점(66/100점)으로 낮은 편이었다. 영양지식 총점은 7.29/12점(60.75/100점)이었으며, 여학생점수와 3학년의 점수가 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.01). 식습관 및 식태도의 점수는 3.55/5점(71/100점)으로 남학생보다 여학생의 점수가 높았고, 1학년의 식습관점수가 가장 높고, 3학년의 점수가 가장 낮았다. 열량과 비만에 관한 영양지식 점수와 식습관 및 식태도 영역에서 싱겁게 먹기, 규칙적인 식사, 정상체중 유지, 인스턴트 및 패스트푸드 자주 먹지 않기, 환경을 생각한 식생활 항목의 점수가 낮게 조사되었다. 따라서 식생활 교육은 중학생의 성장과 바람직한 식습관 형성을 유도하고, 기술 가정교과에 대한 흥미를 높이기 위해 강의식 중심의 수업진행보다는 실험과 실습을 중심으로 하여 건전한 식습관 및 인성을 형성시켜 줄 수 있는 교육이 되어야 할 것이다. 또한 가정과교육의 궁극적인 목표를 달성할 수 있도록 가정과의 다른 영역 및 타 교과와의 융합교육을 통해 실생활에 적용, 응용할 수 있는 능력과 창의적인 사고 문제해결 능력을 길러줄 수 있는 적극적인 교육이 되어야 할 것이다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.993-1004
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• 2009

Three experiments were conducted to determine the effects of non-ionic surfactant (NIS) supplementation on ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestibility and performance of beef steers fed high-roughage diets. The objective of experiment 1 was to investigate the effects of NIS supplementation on in vitro ruminal fermentation of cultures administered with corn and barley as grain substrate and rice straw and timothy hay as roughage substrate. The in vivo ruminal fermentation, nitrogen balance and digestibility of nutrients were also examined with steers fed a high-roughage diet in experiment 2. The aim of experiment 3 was to determine the responses to NIS of growing steers fed a high-roughage diet. In experiment 1, ammonia nitrogen concentration for NIS supplementation was higher (p<0.05) than for the control with all substrates. However, concentrations of total volatile fatty acid (VFA), acetate, butyrate and valerate of the incubated roughage substrates, rice straw and timothy hay, were higher (p<0.05) for NIS supplementation than for the control whereas VFA concentrations in the cultures of corn and barley were unaffected. These results indicated that effects of NIS on ruminal fermentation are diet dependent, specifically on roughage sources. In experiment 2, ruminal pH of steers supplemented with NIS was lower (p<0.05) than the control. Ruminal concentrations of ammonia nitrogen, acetate, total VFA and urinary concentrations of purine derivatives were increased (p<0.05) by NIS supplementation. In experiment 3, supplementation of NIS increased (p<0.05) intakes of total feed and corn silage, average daily gain, and feed efficiency of growing steers although they varied depending on supplementation level. Due to the roughage-specific feature of NIS effects, NIS appears to enhance ruminal fermentation of fibrous parts of feeds and, consequently, performance of steers fed a high-roughage diet.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.71-79
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• 2018

Objective: Gelidium amansii (Lamouroux) is a red alga belonging to the family Gelidaceae and is commonly found in the shallow coasts of many East Asian countries, including Korea, China, and Japan. G. amansii has traditionally been utilized as an edible alga, and has various biological activities. The objective of this study was to determine whether dietary supplementation of G. amansii could be useful for improving ruminal fermentation. Methods: As assessed by in vitro fermentation parameters such as pH, total gas, volatile fatty acid (VFA) production, gas profile (methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and ammonia), and microbial growth rate was compared to a basal diet with timothy hay. Cannulated Holstein cows were used as rumen fluid donors and 15 mL rumen fluid: buffer (1:2) was incubated for up to 72 h with four treatments with three replicates. The treatments were: control (timothy only), basal diet with 1% G. amansii extract, basal diet with 3% G. amansii extract, and basal diet with 5% G. amansii extract. Results: Overall, the results of our study indicate that G. amansii supplementation is potentially useful for improving ruminant growth performance, via increased total gas and VFA production, but does come with some undesirable effects, such as increasing pH, ammonia concentration, and methane production. In particular, real-time polymerase chain reaction indicated that the methanogenic archaea and Fibrobacter succinogenes populations were significantly reduced, while the Ruminococcus flavefaciens populations were significantly increased at 24 h, when supplemented with G. amansii extracts as compared with controls. Conclusion: More research is required to elucidate what G. amansii supplementation can do to improve growth performance, and its effect on methane production in ruminants.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.111-124
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• 2008

This study was conducted to develop a computerized food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for assessing nutritional status of women of child-bearing age. Computerized food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) that reflect intakes of energy, carbohydrate, fat and protein was developed for women of child-bearing age. This FFQ is composed of 61 foods or food groups containing 192 dish items. To estimate of energy intake easily, we have developed a computer program that can be viewed on a computer screen in an actual size of dish items. Nutrient intakes of the last three months by the FFQ was validated with comparing the result of a 3-day diet record through 92 college students aged from 20 to 30. The level of energy, carbohydrate and sodium of estimating by the FFQ method was significantly higher than the level of a 3-day diet records method (p < 0.01). Pearson's correlation coefficients between the two methods were 0.50 for carbohydrate (p < 0.01), 0.55 for energy (p < 0.01) and 0.56 for protein (p < 0.01). Spearman's correlation coefficients were 0.53 for carbohydrate (p < 0.01), 0.55 for energy (p < 0.01) and 0.52 for protein (p < 0.01). The percent of subject in the lowest quartile in a 3-day diet record belonged to the first and second lowest quartile in food frequency questionnaire is 78.2% in energy, 91.3% in carbohydrate, 78.2% in protein, 69.5% in fat. Also, the percent of subject in the highest quartile in a 3-day diet record belong to the first and second highest quartile in food frequency questionnaire is 78.3% in energy, 73.9% in carbohydrate, 82.6% in protein, and 73.9% in fat. On the whole, the result of this study seemed to be in good agreement with other studies. Therefore, the FFQ developed by this study is considered to be a reliable tool to assess nutrients and food intakes for women of child-bearing age.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.54-64
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• 2006

The traditional Korean diet, which is high in rice and vegetables, is fast being replaced by a Western style diet as the standard of living goes up. In addition to this, cigarette smoking has taken on serious proportions, especially amongst those of the younger generation. Because Seoul (and it's surrounding areas) is the hub of Education and Business, it is densely populated and heavily polluted Consequently health-related issues and diseases are starting to resemble those prevalent in Western communities. Historically, stomach cancer was the #1 killer-disease in Korea, but nowadays lung cancer ranks either 1st or 2nd on the list of killer-disease in Korea. This is presumably due to the lethal combination of heavy smoking and pervasive air pollution. Despite these disquieting facts, almost no study had been made of the nutritional patterns and dietary habits of smoking and non-smoking young adults in the Seoul area. Therefore the purpose of this study is to compare the dietary and nutritional patterns of young smokers with those of young non-smokers in and around Seoul. This is done with regards to their eating habits and lifestyles, as well as the dietary components that contribute towards maintaining good health. The results showed that compared to non-smokers, smokers manifested irregular eating patterns and also tended to overindulge on fast- or junk foods. In contrast to this, non-smokers enjoyed a healthier diet, which was high in brown rice, grains, legumes, fresh fruit and vegetables, and 'kimchi'. Amongst the male subjects of this study, it was found that smokers consumed significantly less vitamin $B_2$, calcium, and phosphorous than non-smokers. It was also established that in general, stress-generated smoking habits were formed during the high school years of the younger generation. In conclusion: Because smokers maintain a less healthy diet and life-style, it is to recommended that a 'Health Education Program' be developed which could guide young smokers into adopting better dietary habits and life styles.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제38권8호
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• pp.626-636
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• 2005

This study was undertaken to examine effects of dietary intake of garcinia cambogia extract, soy peptide and L-carnitine mixture on body weight gain and obesity-related bio-markers in rats fed high-fat diet for 9 weeks with or without regular treadmill exercise. Forty 5-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups; sedentary control group (SC), exercised control group (EC), sedentary formula-fed group (SF), and exercised formula-fed group (EF). The SC and EC rats were fed high-fat control diet (fat comprises$40\%$ of total caloris), and SF and EF rats were fed high-fat formula (composed of garcinia cambogia, soy peptide and L-carnitine) supplemented diet. Statistical analyses by two-way ANOVA indicated that the regular treadmill exercise significantly lowered cumulative body weight gain, total visceral fat mass, and epididymal, perirenal and retroperitoneal fat pad weights, and serum concentrations of total cholesterol and LDL + VLDL cholesterol, insulin, c-peptide and leptin. Feeding the formula also resulted in significant reductions in cumulative body weight gain and visceral fat pad weights, along with other related parameters including serum total and LDL + VLDL cholesterol levels, and hepatic enzyme activities involved in fatty acid synthesis. Statistical analyses by one-way ANOVA revealed that the formula consumption significantly improved body weight gain ($18\%$ reduction), total visceral fat weight ($20\%$ reductions), and serum total ($43\%$ reduction) and LDL + VLDL cholesterol ($54\%$ reduction) levels, as well as serum levels of insulin ($49\%$ reduction), and c-peptide ($41\%$ reduction) in sedentary rats, but failed to exhibit significant reductions in these indices in animals under treadmill exercise program. Taken together, these results suggest that the treadmill exercise per n exhibited significant improvements in body fat reduction and other related bio-markers, and so the formula consumption did not achieve a further significant reductions in these bio-markers in exercised rats. Nevertheless, animals fed the formula with regular exercise showed the most efficient weight reduction compared to other groups either fed formula without exercise or received regular exercise without dietary supplementation.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2024

본 연구는 네이버, 다음, 구글, 유튜브와 트위터 등을 대상으로 코로나19 국내 확진자 발생이 공식 발표된 2020년 1월 19일 기준으로 전후 2년씩, 총 4년 동안 텍스톰(TEXTOM)을 사용하여 청소년의 식생활에 대한 관심과 인식의 변화를 분석하여 향후 가정 교과의 식생활 관련 단원에서 올바른 식생활 교육을 할 수 있도록 식생활 교육 프로그램을 개발할 수 있는 계기를 만들고자 하였으며, 본 연구를 통해 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 코로나19 이전 가장 동시 출현 빈도가 높은 키워드는 '영양'과 '상담'이었고, 다음 키워드는 '영양'과 '교육'으로 나타났다. 코로나19 이후 가장 동시 출현 빈도가 높은 키워드는 '영양'과 '교육'이었고, 다음 키워드는 '식품'과 '안전'이었다. 둘째, 동시 출현 빈도 네트워크 분석 결과 코로나19와 상관없이 영양과 상담에 대해 높은 관심을 가지고 있었고 코로나19 이후에는 안전과 건강에 대한 관심이 더 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 셋째, CONCOR 분석을 통한 군집 형성으로 코로나19 이전에는 '식사 및 신체활동', '피부 및 질병', '건강 및 음식', '영양 및 섭취'로 범주화하였고 코로나19 이후에는 '영양, 섭취 및 코로나19', '식사 및 신체활동', '피부 및 질병', '생체리듬 불균형 및 질병'으로 범주화하였다. 넷째, 코로나19 전후 청소년의 식생활 관련 키워드 군집 분석 네트워크 결과 코로나19 이전에는 '식사 및 신체 활동' 그룹의 키워드들은 '건강 및 음식'과 '영양 및 섭취' 그룹의 키워드들과 강하게 연결되어 있었고, 코로나19 이후에는 '식사 및 신체활동' 그룹의 키워드들은 '영양, 섭취 및 코로나19' 그룹의 키워드들과 강하게 연결되어 있었다.