• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.1409-1414
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• 2006

The objective of this study was to screen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the chicken lipoprotein lipase gene (LPL), using 545 F1 hybrids developed from $4{\times}4$ diallel crossing of four chicken breeds, and to analyze the associations between polymorphisms of the LPL and chicken fat deposition traits. PCR-SSCP was used to detect SNPs in LPL. Fifteen sets of primers were designed to amplify DNA fragments covering the 5'flanking and coding regions of LPL. It showed that there existed 5 polymorphic loci in the 5'flanking region and coding region, respectively. Association analysis was carried out between 10 polymorphic loci and intermuscular fat width, abdominal fat weight, and thickness of subcutaneous fat using ANCOVA, respectively. The results indicated that, in the 5'flanking region, the loci d and e significantly affected thickness of subcutaneous fat (p<0.05), abdominal fat weight (p<0.01) and subcutaneous fat (p<0.05), while in the coding region, synonymous mutation in exon 8 was significantly associated with intermuscular fat width (p<0.05), however, the non-synonymous mutations in exon 7 and exon 9 did not show statistically significant effects on fat deposition traits in this study.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.99-109
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• 1985

The present studies were carried out to obtain some basic informations of the breeding of tobacco varieties. Genetically divergent 8 varieties, 3 flue-cured, 2 burley and 3 sun-cured tobaccos, were used in half diallel cross. In order to analyze the heterosis, combining abilities, modes of inheritance and correlations for some agronomic and chemical characters, 8 parents and 28 $F_1$ were tested. The results obtained were summarized as follows: The percentages of heterosis for stem diameter, internode length and total sugar content in $F_1$ hybrid were 3.6%, 3.1% and 10.6%, whereas these for days to flower, total alkaloids and leaves per plant were -6.3%, -6.9% and -5.0%, respectively. Yield had significant positive genotypic correlations with plant height, days to flower and leaf length, but negative with internode length and total sugar content. It also had significant prositive phenotypic correlations with plant height, days to flower, leaves per plant, leaf length, leaf width and leaf shape index (Leaf length/leaf width). General (GCA) and specific combining abilities (SCA) for all characters of $F_1$ hybrid were significant. The effects of GCA were positive on yield, plant height, stem diameter, leaves per plant and days to flower of Burley 21. And those were positive on yield, leaf shape index and plant height, but negative on leaves per plant and total nitrogen of Hicks. The effects of SCA for yield and leaves per plant were greater than those of others on the combinations of Coker 139 and Burley type, respectively.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 1983

This study was performed to obtain the basic informations for red dry pepper fruit with more pericarp weight(or in percentage) with a complete diallel cross(excluding reciprocals) using eight cultivars. Heterosis, combining ability and inheritance of the dry red fruit weight and its components(stem, placenta, seed, and pericarp) were evaluated. The results obtained were summarized as follows : Dry weight/fruit and its four antomical components were heavier in the earlier harvest fruit than in that of the later fruit. They showed 1% significance among parents and $F_1s$, and those of $F_1$ were significantly heavier than in parent. All characters in earlier fruit of parent, however, were higher than in later fruit of $F_1$. Dry weight percentage of pericarp to dry weight/fruit was highest followed by seed. Percentage of pericarp in the later fruit was increased while the seed decreased and percentages of stem and placenta were not differed between the earlier and later fruit. $F_1$ hybrids above the higher parent were observed in all characters. Mean heterosis (%) was positive in all characters while mean heterobeltiosis (%) was negative excepting seed and dry weight/fruit. GCA and SCA variances were highly significant, and GCA vaiances were greater than SCA in all characters. The directions of dominance were positive. Partial dominance was shown in stem, complete dominance in placenta, pericarp and dry weight/fruit, and over dominance in seed. The effective genes were estimated as one for stem and placenta, and two for seed, pericarp and dry weight/fruit. Heritabilities in narrow and broad sense were higher.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.1-7
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• 1981

Diallel crosses among six silkworm varieties were used as the materials by the randomized block design. and combining ability tests were conducted to determine the relationships between parents and their F$_1$ hybrids. The six parents and their 30 F$_1$ crosses were evaluated for five quantitative characters in each female and male silkworms. Mean values of period(days) of larval stage in mid-parent were more than those of each F$_1$ hybrids. Highly significant differences were shown in the total cocoon weight and weight of cocoon layer of silkworms in F$_1$ hybrids of 111$\times$114, 111$\times$ yunil, 114$\times$yunil and those of reciprocal crosses. From the results, it was recognized that varieties A(111), D(114) and F(yunil) were useful varieties as the parents in breeding of silkworms for increasing the total cocoon weight and weight of cocoon layer, etc. Differences among crosses in apparent degree of heterosis existed for total cocoon weight of cocoon layer and cocoon layer ratio, etc. Mean square values of GCA (general combining ability) were more greater than those of SCA(specific combining ability) for period(days) of larval stage, period (days) of 5th instar and cocoon layer ratio of silkworms. The effects of GCA were differ from parents and characters and the effects of SCA were also differ from parents, characters and crosses.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.43-48
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• 1978

To information on the inheriance of heading date of rice under the short-day condition, the $F_2$ seeds obtained from all possible combinations of the diallel crosses between five leading rice varieties: Nongbaek, Tongil, Palgueng, Mangyeong and Gimmaze were grown under the short-day condition and natural condition. The days to heading were investigated and analysed for genetic components. The results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. Under the natural condition, the durations to heading of all combinations excluding Nong-baek x Palgueng and Nongbaek x Mangyeong were longer than those of their parents. mean. Whereas, under the short-day condition, the duration to heading of Mangyeong x Gimmaze combination was equal to that of their parents mean, and those of all other combinations were significantly shorter than those of their parents mean. 2. Under the natural condition, the non-allelic gene interactions were significant in days to heading, but under the short-day condition, the non-allelic gene interactions were not significant, and inheritance of days to heading revealed partial dominace in which additive effects were greater than dominant effects. 3. Tongil and Gimmaze were located on dominant zone under the natural day-length, and Nongbaek and Mangyeong were under the short-day condition. 4. Under the natual condition, dominant effects were greater than additive effects, and both heritabilities of the broad and the narrow senses were significantly low. Under the short-day condition, additive effects were significantly higher than dominant effects, and both heritabilities of the broad and the narrow senses were high.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.201-207
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• 1987

This experiment was conducted to identify the superior corn hybrids for silage production and to determine the combining ability of their parental inbred lines. A 7-entry diallel cross was evaluated for grain and stover yields, and agronomic characters under 3 different seasons. Hybrids Hi34 x Tx601, Hi26 x Hi34, and Hi29 x Hi34 showed high total dry matter yields. In general, late maturing hybrids had higher grain and silage yields than early maturing hybrids. Leaf area index was correlated with grain and stover yields. Rust rating was negatively correlated with yields and all characters, indicating that rust (Puccinia sorghi) was one of the major factors affecting yields. Diallel analysis showed that inbred Hi34 which was late in maturity and resistant to rust was the best combiner for both grain and silage yields. General combining ability (GCA) and specific com-bining ability (SCA) effects for yields and other characters were significant, suggesting that both additive and non-additive gene effects are involved for those characters. Ratio of GCA/SCA mean squares showed that GCA effects were more important than SCA effects for yields and other characters. GCA x season and SCA x season interactions were significant for grain and stover yields, revealing that gene effects were not stable for those yields under dissimilar environments.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.6
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• pp.31-36
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• 1988

A seven-parent half-diallel cross was analyzed for white center, white belly and alkali digestibility value(ADV). The analysis of variences were significant for all characters at 1% level. Both general and specific combining ability were significant for all characters. Non-additive genetic varience predominated for ADV(12hr. treatment) and additive effects were more important than non-additive effects for other characters. With the exception of ADV(12hr. treatment), which showed complete dominance, partial dominance in a negative direction was observed for the other characters. Heritability values were high in all characters. White belly was high positively correlated with white center and ADV.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.6
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• pp.25-30
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• 1988

Seven rice varieties and $42F_1$ hybrids of $7{\times}7$ diallel cross were used in genetic analysis for grain size, weight and shape. Effects of average heterosis for grain length and shape showed significantly negative values. GCA, SCA and RCA variances were significant for all characters and also additive variance was more important than dominance variance for grain length, width, thickness and weight. GCA effects of BG 2 and Arborio were highly positive for grain size and weight, and those of BG 2 and Nagdongbyeo were highly negative for grain shape. Partial dominance was observed for all characters. The direction of dominance was negative for grain length, width and shape, and ambidirections for grain thickness and weight. The effective gene number was two for grain length and shape. Both narrow and broad sense heritability were high in all characters.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.91-101
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• 1989

This experiment was carried out to analyze genetic parameters for the selection of silkworm by diallel-crossing with three Japanese and four Chiness silkworm races. Heritability, genetic correlation and path coefficient were calculated as the statistical parameters to evaluate direct or indirect effects of various gentic characters on bave weight. The heritabilities of fifth instar period, cocoon weight, cocoon layer weight, cocoon layer ration, fibroin contents, boiling off ratio and bave weight were over 76.65% in both F1 and F2 generations. There were positive coefficients in both phenotypic and genotypic correlations between male and female of both F1 and F2 generations. The latter showed greater values in general. The correlation between bave weight and the characters of cocoon weight, cocoon layer weight, cocoon layer ratio, fibroin contents were over 0.727 in both sexes of F1 and F2. Therefore, these results suggest that above characters would be useful for genetic selection of silkworms. As result of path coefficient analysis, there was a direct effect with path coefficient value of 0.991 between bave weight and F1 female cocoon layer weight, and with the value of 0.803 between bave weight and F1 male cocoon weight. In F2 the effect showed 0.938 between bave weight and male cocoon weight and cocoon layer weight had greater influence on direct or indirect effects (in path coefficient) than the others.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.179-185
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• 1990

Five parents which showed differential response to thiobencarb and their $F_1$ hybrids were treated with thiobencarb (S-[(4-chlorophenyl) methyl]diethylcarbamothioate) at 2 and 4 kg ai/ha in order to investigate the inheritance of rice (Oryza sativa L.) to the herbicide. In the analysis of diallel crosses for tolerance of rice cultivars to the herbicide, highly significant GCA (general combining ability) and SCA (specific combining ability) effects were observed at both herbicide rates using the parameters of plant height and dry weight ; the GCA effect being greater than the SCA effect. The additive effects appeared to be more prevalent than dominance effects, and partial dominance was recognized in relation to herbicide tolerance in the different rice cultivars. Higher heritabilities in the narrow and broad senses were observed at 4 kg ai/ha. The heritabilities in the narrow sense for plant height and dry weight were 0.726 and 0. 743, respectively. IR9660-50-3-1 which showed the highest GCA effects seemed to possess more dominant genes related to herbicide tolerance than the other rice cultivars tested.