• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.863-879
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• 2019

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can be noninvasively diagnosed on the basis of its characteristic imaging findings of arterial phase enhancement and portal/delayed "washout" on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in cirrhotic patients. However, different specific diagnostic criteria have been proposed by several countries and major academic societies. In 2018, major guideline updates were proposed by the Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL), Korean Liver Cancer Association and National Cancer Center (KLCA-NCC) of Korea. In addition to dynamic CT and MRI using extracellular contrast media, these new guidelines now include magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using hepatobiliary contrast media as the first-line diagnostic test, while the KLCA-NCC and EASL guidelines also include contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) as the second-line diagnostic test. Therefore, hepatobiliary MR contrast media and CEUS will be increasingly used for the noninvasive diagnosis and staging of HCC. In this review, we discuss the emerging role of hepatobiliary phase MRI and CEUS for the diagnosis of HCC and also review the changes in the HCC diagnostic criteria in major guidelines, including the KLCA-NCC practice guidelines version 2018. In addition, we aimed to pay particular attention to some remaining issues in the noninvasive diagnosis of HCC.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.279-286
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• 2022

Background/Aims: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) is a standard procedure for obtaining tissue from lesions near the gastrointestinal lumen. However, there is a scarcity of information on the diagnostic performance of EUS-FNA for abdominal lymphadenopathy of unknown causes. To assess the accuracy of EUS-FNA in diagnosing abdominal lymphadenopathy of unknown etiology. Methods: The EUS records of patients with undiagnosed abdominal lymphadenopathy between 2010 and 2015 were reviewed. Results: A total of 42 patients were included in this study. Adequate specimens were obtained from 40 patients (95%). The final diagnoses were metastatic cancer (n=16), lymphoma (n=9), tuberculosis (n=8), inflammatory changes (n=6), and amyloidosis (n=1). For diagnosing malignancy, EUS-FNA had a sensitivity of 84.6%, specificity of 95.7%, positive predictive value of 91.7%, negative predictive value of 91.7%, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.901. For the diagnosis of lymphoma, EUS-FNA was 100% accurate when combined with cytologic evaluation and immunohistochemical staining. The diagnostic sensitivity decreased to 75%, whereas the specificity remained 100%, for tuberculosis. The overall AUROC was 0.850. No procedure-related complications occurred. Conclusions: EUS-FNA showed high diagnostic performance for abdominal lymphadenopathy of unknown causes, especially malignancy, lymphoma, and tuberculosis. Therefore, it is a crucial diagnostic tool for this patient population.

• 대한골관절종양학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.98-104
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• 1997

추후 관찰이 가능하였던 26례의 환자들이 평균 9개월의 짧은 생존기간을 보이는 것으로 보아 환자들에게 고통을 적게 주고 효과적인 비용의 검사를, 즉 흉부 방사선 사진, 복부 초음파, 흉부 전산화 단층 촬영, 복부-골반 전산화 단층 촬영, 기관지 내시경, 소화기 내시경 등의 순서로 진단적 접근을 시도하는 것이 원발병소를 찾는데 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제55권11호
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• pp.778-788
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• 2017

Ultrasound sonography(US) is used to evaluate various diseases of oral and maxillofacial region including salivary glands, soft tissue and jaw lesions because of easy accessibility and no hazard of ionizing radiation. Also, US can offer dynamic study showing real-time images during diagnostic or surgical procedure. US images provide accurate information about the internal features of lesions on the jaw prior to surgical treatment. Doppler images are used to visualize the vascular distribution of the lesions and to provide additional information to enhance diagnostic value. It is necessary to evaluate the diagnostic value of US and evaluate its usefulness by looking at clinical cases using US images. Therefore, US imaging may be recommended as an assistant image in evaluating jaw lesions. US images provided accurate information about the internal structure of lesions on the jaw prior to surgical treatment, and diagnostic value was enhanced by visualizing the vascular distribution of the lesion using doppler imaging. We report the protocol and suggest the effectiveness of US for various lesions and US-guided sialography.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.442-449
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• 2020

Objective: To compare the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) versus ultrasonography (US) in symptomatic patients with dense breasts, while using histology as the gold standard. Materials and Methods: After obtaining approval from the local ethics board, this prospective study collected data from patients with symptomatic breasts who underwent CESM and US examinations from May 1, 2017 to September 30, 2017. We then selected those with dense breasts and pathological results as our sample population. Both CESM and US results were classified by a radiologist through the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System, and the results were compared with their corresponding histological results. The chi-square test was conducted to compare the diagnostic performance of CESM and US, and the receiver operating characteristic curves for the two imaging modalities were obtained. Results: A total of 131 lesions from 115 patients with dense breasts were included in this study. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy were 93.8%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 93.7%, and 90.8% for CESM, and 90.6%, 82.1%, 82.9%, 90.2%, and 86.3% for US, respectively. The p values for sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy were 0.687, 0.388, 0.370, 0.702, and 0.238, respectively. The area under the curve of CESM (0.917) was comparable with that of US (0.884); however, the differences between CESM and US were not statistically significant (p = 0.225). Eight false-positive cases and 4 false-negative cases for breast cancer were found in CESM, while 12 false-positive cases and 6 false-negative cases were found in US. Conclusion: The diagnostic performances of CESM and US are comparable in symptomatic women with dense breasts; however, the routine use of additional US imaging is questionable for lesions that can be detected by CESM.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.237-245
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• 2024

Background/Aims: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition (EUS-TA) using Franseen needles is reportedly useful for its high diagnostic yield. This study compared the diagnostic yield and puncturing ability of EUS-TA using 22-gauge cobalt-chromium (CO-Cr) needles with those of stainless-steel Franseen needles in patients with solid pancreatic lesions. Methods: Outcomes were compared between the 22-gauge Co-Cr Franseen needle (December 2019 to November 2020; group C) and stainless-steel needle (November 2020 to May 2022; group S). Results: A total of 155 patients (group C, 75; group S, 80) were eligible. The diagnostic accuracy was 92.0% in group C and 96.3% in group S with no significant intergroup differences (p=0.32). The rate of change in the operator (from training fellows to experts) was 20.0% (15/75) in group C and 7.5% (6/80) in group S. Stainless-steel Franseen needles showed less inter-operator difference than Co-Cr needles (p=0.03). Conclusions: Both Co-Cr and stainless-steel Franseen needles showed high diagnostic ability. Stainless-steel Franseen needles are soft and flexible; therefore, the range of puncture angles can be widely adjusted, making them suitable for training fellows to complete the procedure.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.429-440
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• 2023

이 연구는 초음파 광학 영상 기반의 다중 모달 영상 기술에 대한 최신 연구 동향과 응용 가능성에 대해 조사하였다. 초음파 영상은 실시간 영상 기능을 가지고 있으며 인체에 상대적으로 안전한 특성으로 인해 의료 분야에서 다양한 질병의 진단에 사용되고 있다. 그러나 초음파 영상은 해상도가 낮은 한계가 있어 진단 정확도를 향상시키기 위해 다른 광학 영상과의 결합을 통한 다중 모달 영상 기술 개발 연구가 진행되고 있다. 특히 초음파 광학 영상 기반의 다중 모달 영상 기술은 각각의 영상 기법의 장점을 극대화하고 단점을 보완함으로써 질병 진단 정확도를 향상시킬 수 있는 수단으로 사용되고 있다. 이러한 기술은 초음파의 실시간 영상 기능과 광간섭 단층 영상 융합 기술, 초음파 광음향 다중 모달 영상 기술, 초음파 형광 다중 모달 영상 기술, 초음파 형광 시정수 다중 모달 영상 기술 및 초음파 분광 다중 모달 영상 기술 등 다양한 형태로 제안되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 초음파 광학 영상 기반의 다중 모달 영상 기술의 최신 연구 동향을 소개하고, 의학 및 바이오 분야에서의 응용 가능성을 조사하였다. 이를 통해 초음파와 광학 기술의 융합이 어떻게 진행되고 있는지에 대한 통찰력을 제공하고, 의료 분야에서의 진단 정확도 향상을 위한 새로운 접근 방식에 대한 기반을 마련하였다.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.41-61
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to assess pregnant women's knowledge of, attitude to, and satisfaction with prenatal ultrasound and to determine the factors that influence their perception. A self-administered questionnaire survey was completed by two hundred eighty five pregnant women who visited the obstetric departments of three hospitals located in Seoul from October 17, 2000 to October 28, 2000. The major results are as follows. 1. Overall, the respondents did not fully understand the purpose of prenatal ultrasound. 92.2% of respondents stated that the main purpose of prenatal ultrasound was to check the fetus' age, growth and development but only 44.5% of respondents were aware of the fact that chromosomal abnormalities cannot be diagnosed only by prenatal ultrasound. The majority of respondents were aware of the diagnostic limitations of ultrasound. 2. While the majority of respondents were aware of the importance of pre-examination information, only 31.8% of respondents received such information from their health care providers. 3. Regarding the examination quality, 80.3% of respondents were satisfied with the competency of the examination. But more than 50% of respondents stated the cost and waiting time were not acceptable. 4. The knowledge of, attitude to, and satisfaction with prenatal ultrasound showed statistically significant differences according to the characteristics of each hospital. 5. From multiple regression analysis, the major components for knowledge of prenatal ultrasound were characteristics of hospitals, religion, income and gestational age. The major components for attitude toward prenatal ultrasound were characteristics of hospitals, religion and gestational age. The major components for satisfaction with prenatal ultrasound were characteristics of hospitals, income and drinking during the pregnancy. In conclusion, the respondents' perception of prenatal ultrasound is considerably low. More effective educational material or programs with prenatal ultrasound information should be provided to pregnant women prior to prenatal ultrasound examination. New strategies such as process reengineering are recommendable to increase the satisfaction with prenatal ultrasound.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.78-86
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• 2005

진단용 초음파에 의해 가진된 초음파 조영제에서 방사하는 하모닉 성분의 크기를 이론적으로 고찰하였다. 본 연구에서는 2 MHz 진단용 초음파 펄스에 의한 초음파 조영제의 비선형 동적 반응을 Gilmore Model을 이용하여 수치 해석하였다. 초음파 조영제의 탄성 효과는 무시하였다. 초음파 조영제 반경의 크기 (1-9 $\mu$m)와 초음파의 MI 값 (0.125-8)을 변화시키면서 발생된 서브, 울트라. 2차 하모닉 성분의 파워를 기본 주파수 성분과 비교하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과, 초음파 조영제가 공진 반경 (2 $\mu$m) 보다 클 경우, 초음파 조영제에서 방출하는 서브 하모닉의 파워가 기본 주파수 것 보다 압도적으로 크게 나타났다. 특히 하모닉 영상에서 사용하는 2차 하모닉의 파워는 서브 및 울트라 하모닉 성분 보다 낮은 값을 가지는 것으로 예측되었다. 본 연구 결과는 초음파 조영제를 이용하여 하모닉 영상을 구현할 경우, 서브 및 울트라 하모닉 성분이 2차 하모닉 성분 보다 우수한 영상 변수가 될 수 있음을 시사한다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.291-300
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• 1996

Real time B-mode ultrasound was used to detect the early conceptus in 187 Korean native cattles between days 10 and 60 after last insemination. The ultrasound diagnostic findings were systemically confirmed by palpation per rectum after the 60th day of last insemination. The embryonic vesicle and the embryo proper within the veside were first visible on mean day fl and 23, respectively. The heartbeat of the embryo proper could be detected on day 26, and the limb buds, placentomes, amnion, fetal movement, umbilical cord, optic area and split hooves were first visible on day 33, 34, 34, 44.5, 45, 32 and 48, respectively. The mean length of embryo proper was 3.8mm on day 23 which later increased to 56. 6rnrn on day 60. When ultrasound was used to detect the conceptus between days 20 and 30 after insemination and palpation per rectum after the 60th day of insemination, the accuracy rates of pregnancy detection by ultrasound scanning at days 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30 were 44.4, 69.2, 78.6, 87.5, 90.0, 93.3%. In summary, the early pregnancy diagnosis of Korean native cattle with ultrasound appears high accuracy rates. It is considered that ultrasound can be used in veterinary practice well.