• Imaging Science in Dentistry
• /
• 제45권2호
• /
• pp.81-87
• /
• 2015

Purpose: Contrast, sharpness, enhancement, and density can be changed in digital systems. The important question is to what extent the changes in these variables affect the accuracy of caries detection. Materials and Methods: Forty eight extracted human posterior teeth with healthy or proximal caries surfaces were imaged using a photostimulable phosphor (PSP) sensor. All original images were processed using a six-step method: (1) applying "Sharpening 2" and "Noise Reduction" processing options to the original images; (2) applying the "Magnification 1:3" option to the image obtained in the first step; (3) enhancing the original images by using the "Diagonal/"option; (4) reviewing the changes brought about by the third step of image processing and then, applying "Magnification 1:3"; (5) applying "Sharpening UM" to the original images; and (6) analyzing the changes brought about by the fifth step of image processing, and finally, applying "Magnification 1:3." Three observers evaluated the images. The tooth sections were evaluated histologically as the gold standard. The diagnostic accuracy of the observers was compared using a chi-squared test. Results: The accuracy levels irrespective of the image processing method ranged from weak (18.8%) to intermediate (54.2%), but the highest accuracy was achieved at the sixth image processing step. The overall diagnostic accuracy level showed a statistically significant difference (p=0.0001). Conclusion: This study shows that the application of "Sharpening UM" along with the "Magnification 1:3" processing option improved the diagnostic accuracy and the observer agreement more effectively than the other processing procedures.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제38권2호
• /
• pp.359-365
• /
• 1998

This study was conducted to isolate the protozoan parasite Babesia gibsoni by intraerythrocytic culture method of micoraerophilous stationary phase(MASP) and evaluate the possibility of application for the detection of B gibsoni in canine babesiosis. Also, indirect fluorescent antibody test(IFAT) and thick blood smear(giemsa stain), direct light microscopy (DLM), as control diagnostic tests, were conducted to compare diagnostic effects between MASP, IFAT and DLM. The results obtained from this study were summarized as follows. The protozoan parasite B gibsoni multiplied in 24-well polystyrene plate containing 1.2ml of canine red blood cell suspension in RPMI 1640 medium(pH 7.0) which is contained 20~40% normal canine serum(NCS) under the MASP condition of 5% $CO_2$ and 95% air at $37^{\circ}C$ incubator. Under the above MASP culturing system the percentage of parasitized erythrocytes(PPE) after incubation for 9 days reached the peak. The levels of PPE in MASP culture were shown more higher by exchanging the medium at 24 hour intervals. The parasite were purely isolated from MASP culture of canine red blood cells collected from dogs(pit bullterrier) infected with B gibsoni naturally. Among the total of 83 heads of pit bullterrier blood samples the positive rate was 32 heads(38.5%) in DLM, 45 heads(54.2%) in IFAT and 42 heads(50.6) in MASP culture. In negative cases of IFAT and DLM the isolation rates of B gibsoni by MASP culture were 16 heads(42.1%) of 38 heads and 16 heads(28.6%)% of 56 heads, respectively. From this study it was suggested that MASP culture method by RPMI 1640 medium was a reliable and useful diagnostic test for the diagnosis of B gibsoni infections in canine babesiosis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.1583-1588
• /
• 2012

Fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology is well accepted as a safe, reliable, minimal invasive and cost-effective method for diagnosis of salivary gland lesions. This study evaluated the accuracy and diagnostic performance of FNA cytology in Thailand. A consecutive series of 290 samples from 246 patients during January 2001-December 2009 were evaluated from the archive of the Anatomical Pathology Department of our institution and 133 specimens were verified by histopathologic diagnoses, obtained with material from surgical excision or biopsy. Cytologic diagnoses classified as unsatisfactory, benign, suspicious for malignancy and malignant were compared with the histopathological findings. Among the 133 satisfactory specimens, the anatomic sites were 70 (52.6%) parotid glands and 63 (47.4 %) submandibular glands. FNA cytological diagnoses showed benign lesions in 119 cases (89.5 %), suspicious for malignancy in 3 cases (2.2 %) and malignant in 11 cases (8.3%). From the subsequent histopathologic diagnoses, 3/133 cases of benign cytology turned out to be malignant lesions, the false negative rate being 2.2 % and 1/133 case of malignant cytology turned out to be a benign lesion, giving a false positive rate was 0.8%. The overall accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 97.0% (95% CI, 70.6%-99.4%), 81.3% (95% CI, 54.4%-96.0%), 99.1% (95% CI, 95.4%-100%), 92.9% (95% CI, 66.1%-99.8), 97.5% (95% CI, 92.8%-99.5%), respectively. This study indicated that FNA cytology of salivary gland is a reliable and highly accurate diagnostic method for diagnosis of salivary gland lesions. It not only provides preoperative diagnosis for therapeutic management but also can prevent unnecessary surgery.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.1447-1452
• /
• 2012

Aim: To evaluate the differential diagnostic potential of lesion stiffness assessed by the sonoelastographic strain index ratio (SR) and elastographic color scoring system (UE) for breast lesions. Materials and Methods: Three hundred and forty two breast masses (158 benign and 184 malignant) from 325 consecutive patients (mean age 44.2 years; range 16-81)who had been scheduled for a sonographically guided core biopsy were examined proposed by Itoh et al, with scoring 1-3=benign and 4-5=malignant. Strain and area ratios of each lesion were calculated within the same machine. Histological diagnosis was used as the reference standard. The area under the curve (AUC) and cut-off point were obtained by receiver operating curve and the cross table Fischer Test was carried out for assessing diagnostic value. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, accuracy and false-discovery rates were compared. Results: The mean strain ratios for benign and malignant lesions were 1.87 and 7.9 respectively. (P<0.0001). When a cutoff point of 3.54 was used, SR had a sensitivity of 94.6%, a specificity 94.3%, a PPV of 95.1%, an NPV of 93.7% and an accuracy of 94.4%. The AUC values were 0.90 for the 5 point scoring system (UE) and 0.96 for the strain index ratio. The overall diagnostic performance was SR method was better (P<0.05). Conclusions: Strain ratio measurement could be another effective predictor in elastography imaging besides 5 the point scoring system for differential diagnosis of breast lesions.

• 융합신호처리학회논문지
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.112-120
• /
• 2008

본 연구는 전통적인 수지(手指)를 이용한 진맥환경 하에서 객관성 있는 정량적 정보를 수집하기 위해 한의학 진단법에 입각한 맥상(脈象)과 병상(病象)진단을 위한 시스템을 개발하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 우선, 최적합한 진단정보를 취득하기 위한 진맥기로서 골무형태의 센서유닛을 제안하고, 이것을 인지, 중지, 약지에 장착하여 전통적인 방법으로 척관촌(尺關寸)점의 맥압파를 측정하는 방법을 제시하였다. 다음으로, 이 진맥기를 사용하여 한의 진단학에서 정의하고 있는 부침지삭허실(浮沈遲數虛實)맥으로 표현되는 육조맥(六祖脈)과 홍(洪), 유(濡), 혁(革), 산(散)맥 등을 포함하는 28맥을 객관적으로 인식할 수 있음을 해석적으로 밝혔다. 끝으로, 이 진맥기로서 측정한 압맥파로부터 맥상 진단에 기초가 되는 주요 파라미터를 추출하는 방법을 제시했다.

• 한국병원경영학회지
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.22-39
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this study was to determine the difference between estimated profit and utilization of medical equipment upon purchasing and actual results at one teaching hospital in Seoul, Korea Medical equipments over $100,000 from 1992 to 1997 were selected and results were as follows: 1. Twenty equipments out of thirty exceeded estimated profits and the difference was 3.98 billion won and ten equipments did not reach the estimated profits and 5.5 billion won was the difference. Diagnostic equipment exceeded the estimated profit which surgical equipment didn't. 2. Eleven equipments exceeded estimated utilization, which showed 100%. In the mean time, eighteen equipments didn't reach the estimated utilization, which was 71%. Diagnostic equipment showed the less estimated utilization than surgical equipment 3. Twenty-one equipments showed the 6.83 billion won profits and nine equipments showed the 1.6 billion won deficits. Diagnostic equipment was more profitable than surgical equipment. Finally. diagnostic equipment helped improving hospital management than surgical equipment. 4. Main factors which showed the big difference from the initial plan were lacking reasonable estimated method, no evaluation system for purchase, emphasis in medical treatment, excessive expenditure in maintenance, duplicated investment for medical equipment and leadership commitment. As a result. Substantial planning is required from the requesting department in consideration of estimated profit and utilization and systematic quality control is needed to confirm. Also, One-sided decision making should be avoided to purchase a high cost medical equipment and efforts should be made in examining carefully and developing a reasonable analytic method.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
• /
• 제34권2호
• /
• pp.16-30
• /
• 2021

Objectives: The aim of this study was to establish a clear diagnostic definition of Sanhupung using the Delphi method. Methods: This study used the Delphi technique. A panel consisting of 21 experts of Korean medicine, particularly in of gynecologic medicine, participated in the Delphi examination that included answering the 4th round survey. The Delphi examination was carried out through evaluating and correcting the questionnaire by e-mail. Results: Through the Delphi survey, we have reached on an agreement regarding the basic concepts, time, cause, essential symptoms, and accessory symptoms of Sanhupung. They are as follows: 1) Sanhupung is a culture bound syndrome reflecting Korea's cultural specificity. 2) Sanhupung can be diagnosed even after the miscarriage. 3) For the diagnosis of Sanhupung, the main cause of symptoms should not be classified as other disease. 4) Sanhupung can be diagnosed based on essential symptoms and accessory symptoms. 5) Essential symptoms include local symptoms such as joint pain at specific areas, partial sensory impairment and general symptoms including pain of all the joints, whole body sensory impairment, increased sweating, feeling of wind coming into the body, worsened symptoms with the cold, intolerance to cold, and pain of all the muscles. Conclusions: The basic concepts and diagnostic definition of Sanhupung were suggested based on the Delphi survey among experts in the field. Further research is necessary to improve reliability and validity of diagnostic definition of Sanhupung in clinical trials.

• 융합정보논문지
• /
• 제9권7호
• /
• pp.25-32
• /
• 2019

본 논문에서는 차량 ECU(Electronic Control Unit)의 리프로그래밍 시간 단축을 위한 차량 게이트웨이 개선 방안을 제안한다. 리프로그래밍 시간 단축을 위해 게이트웨이는 리프로그래밍을 진행하는 동안 리프로그래밍하는 ECU가 연결된 통신 채널에 리프로그래밍 이외의 메시지 전송을 금지하여야 하며, 이때 메시지 전송 금지로 인해 특정 ECU가 CAN 통신 수신 불가로 인한 고장이 발생하지 않도록 할 수 있어야 한다. 또한, 게이트웨이 내의 버퍼 오버플로우를 방지하기 위해 연속된 통신 메시지 전송 시 추가하는 지연 시간(STmin)을 최소로 할 수 있어야 한다. 이를 위해 본 논문에서는 UDS(Unified Diagnostic Services)의 링크 제어 명령 및 최신 MCU(Micro Controller Unit)에서 제공되는 HW 게이트웨이 기능을 이용한 개선 방안을 제안한다. 제안한 개선 방안은 차량에서 널리 사용되고 있는 인피니언사의 TC275 기반 임베디드시스템을 이용하여 구현하였으며, 개선된 실험 결과를 제시한다.

• 융합신호처리학회논문지
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.96-101
• /
• 2015

본 논문에서는 한방 의료의 설진에 있어서 객관적인 진단 지표의 생성을 위해 자외선 혀 영상 채널 분석과 설태 검출에 의한 WTCI(Winkel Tongue Coating Index) 설태 평가 방법을 제안한다. 제안한 방법은 설태 영역 검출을 위하여 자외선 광원에 의해 생성된 혀 영상의 칼라 모델별 각 색상 채널의 히스토그램을 분석한다. 그리고 선택된 혀 영상 채널을 이용하여 설태 검출에서의 성능 검증 실험을 수행한다. 또한 WTCI 설태 지표 생성을 위한 테스트 샘플과 실영상 검증 실험을 실시하여 설진 지표의 객관성을 검증한다. 제안한 컴퓨터 지원 WTCI 설태 평가 방법의 성능 평가를 위해서 샘플 영상을 이용하여 계산의 정확성을 검증하고, 다양한 실제 피실험자의 혀 영상에 적용한 결과 성공적인 결과를 보였다.

• 대한한의진단학회지
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.8-17
• /
• 2008

Objectives: For the traditional pulse diagnosis in Oriental Medicine, not only the pulse shape in time domain, but the width, length and depth of arterial pulse also should be measured. However, conventional pulse diagnostic systems have failed to measure the spatial parameters of the arterial pulse e.g. effective length of arterial pulse in the wrist. In fact, there are many ways to measure that kind of spatial features in arterial pulsation, but among them, the method using image sensor provides relatively cheap and simple way, therefore I tested feasibility of measuring 2-dimensional pressure distribution by imaging devices. Methods: Using widely used PC cameras and dotted balloons, the subtle oscillation of skin over the radial artery was recorded continuously, and then the displacement of every dot was calculated. Consequently, the time course of that displacements shows arterial pulse wave. Results: By the proposed method I could get pressure distribution map with 30Hz sampling rate, 21steps quantization resolution, and approximately 1mm spatial resolution. With reduced quantization resolution, $3cm{\times}4cm$ view angle could be achieved. Conclusion: Although this method has some limitations, it would be useful method for detecting 2-dimensional features of arterial pulse, and accordingly, this method provides a novel way to detect 'narrow pulse', 'wide pulse', 'long pulse', 'short pulse', and their derivatives.