• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.468-475
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• 2001

Fenofibrate is a fibric acid derivative that is a strong reducer of triglyceride. Micronozed formulation of fenofibrate has improved bioavailability compared to non-micrornized formulation. This study performed a retrospective comparison of micrornized and non-micrornized fenofibrate (28 in micronized and 51 in non-micronized group) by comparing the means of changes in total triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and TC/HDL ratio in type 2 diabetics with dyslipidemia The result skewed that after 12 weeks of treatment both drugs produced a significant reduction in total triglyceride levels (62% with micronized, 37% with non-micronized). The mean decrease observed for total triglyceride levels were significantly lower for micronized fenofibrate (p<0.001). Both drugs showed a significant reduction for total cholesterol levels (-22% with micronized, -14% with non-micronized fenofibrate). The mean decrease observed for total cholesterol was not significantly different between the two drugs (p>0.05). HDL-cholesterol levels increased by 24% and 15%) with micronized and non-micronized, respectively and the differences from the baseline were statistically significant for both drugs (p<0.05). The mean change of HDL-cholesterol was not significantly different between the two drugs. There was a statistically significant reduction in TC/HBL-cholesterol ratio from baseline for both drugs (7.1 to 4.8 with micronized and 5.1 to 4.5 with non-micronized), and the reduction of TC/HDL-cholesterol ratio tended to be significantly greater with micronized fenofibrate (p<0.05). This study shows that short-term treatment with micronized fenofibrate is more effective than non-micronized fenosbrate in type 2 diabetes patients with dyslipidemia.

• The Journal of the Society of Stroke on Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 2020

■ Objectives The purpose of this study is to report on a case that showed improvement in type 2 diabetic patients by using herbal medicine, Yeoldahansotang-gami. ■ Methods Yeoldahansotang-gami was given to patients with type 2 diabetes for 71days. To evaluate the effect, blood glucose was measured 4 times a day. As measured blood sugar, the frequency of hyperglycemia, changes in fasting blood sugar, changes in postprandial blood sugar, and changes in glucose variability were analyzed. The patient's insulin injection dose change was observed, and HbA1c and glycated albumin were measured. Follow-up was performed for 7 months to observe whether the treatment effect was maintained. ■ Results During treatment, the patient's blood sugar control, glucose variability, and HbA1c were improved, and insulin injection dose was gradually reduced and stopped. HbA1c and glycated albumin levels maintained improvement without insulin injection during the follow-up period. ■ Conclusion This study showed the effect of yeoldahansotang-gami on type 2 diabetes patient.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.191-200
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• 2022

Intractable hiccups are those which persist for more than one month and can often occur in patients with disorders of the central nervous system, such as stroke, epilepsy, or brain tumor. An 80-year-old male patient undergoing conservative hemodialysis for diabetic nephropathy, recently developed paralysis and dysphagia due to central nervous system complications including stroke and epilepsy. He was admitted to the ◯◯ Oriental Medicine Hospital, and treated with herbal medicine (Gyulpijugyeo-tang, Jeonssiigong-san, and Ijin-tang) and electrical acupuncture for 30 days. No side effects were observed during hospitalization. The frequency and duration of hiccups were measured daily and found to reduce, and the effect persisted during his admission. The patient took no other nervous system drugs. In conclusion, Korean medicine like gyulpijugyeo-tang and acupuncture can be effective for patients with intractable hiccups who cannot use alternative drugs or treatment, because of other complications.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.93-104
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• 2021

Cutaneous melanoma is a fatal disease for patients with distant metastasis. Metformin is the most widely used anti-diabetic drug, and proved to suppress cell proliferation and metastasis in diverse cancers including melanoma. We previously reported that MEK inhibitor trametinib increases the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) regulators and melanoma cell motility, which are suppressed by addition of metformin in A375 melanoma cells. To confirm our findings further, we first evaluated the effect of metformin in combination with another MEK inhibitor binimetinib on cell viability in G361 melanoma cells. We then investigated whether binimetinib affects the expression of EMT regulators and cell motility. We finally monitored the effect of metformin on binimetinib-induced cell migration. Cell viability assay showed that combination index (CI) value at ED₅₀ is 0.80, suggesting synergy for the combination of metformin with binimetinib. Our results also revealed that binimetinib increased the expression of EMT regulators such as integrin αV, fibronectin and slug, which correlate well with the enhanced cell migration in wound healing assay. Metformin, on the contrary, suppressed the expression of sparc, integrin αV, fibronectin and N-cadherin with the reduced cell motility. The combination treatment showed that metformin counteracts the binimetinib-induced increase of cell motility. Overall, these results suggest that metformin with binimetinib might be useful as a potential therapeutic adjuvant against cell survival and metastatic activity in melanoma patients.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.275-284
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• 2022

Background Population aging has led to an increased incidence of pressure ulcers, resulting in a social burden and economic costs. We developed a three-dimensional knitted fabric (3-DKF) with a pressure-reducing function that can be applied topically in the early stages of pressure ulcers to prevent progression. Methods We evaluated the effects of the 3-DKF in a streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus pressure ulcer mouse model, and the fabric was preliminarily applied to patients. Twelve-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were used for the animal experiments. In the pressure ulcer mouse model, an ischemia-reperfusion injury was created using a magnet on the dorsa of the mice. Pressure was measured with BodiTrak before and after applying the 3-DKF to 14 patients at risk of sacral pressure ulcers. Results In the 3-DKF-applied mice group, the ulcers were shallower and smaller than those in the control group. Compared with the mice in the control group, the 3-DKF group had lower platelet-derived growth factor-α and neutrophil elastase expression, as parameters related to inflammation, and increased levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, TGF-β3, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and α-smooth muscle actin, which are related to growth factors and proliferation. Additionally, typical normal tissue staining patterns were observed in the 3-DKF group. In the preliminary clinical analysis, the average skin pressure was 26.2 mm Hg before applying the 3-DKF, but it decreased to an average of 23.4 mm Hg after 3-DKF application. Conclusion This study demonstrated that the newly developed 3-DKF was effective in preventing pressure ulcers through testing in a pressure ulcer animal model and preliminary clinical application.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.91-97
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• 2023

This study is a descriptive research study with secondary analysis of data from the 8th National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The purpose of this study was to analyze the prevalence and awareness of diabetes in 300 Korean adults aged 30 to 49 with diabetes, and to identify the factors influencing it. For data analysis, the composite sample frequency and percentage, χ²-test, and logistic regression analysis were performed using the SPSS 25.0 program. Among the diabetic patients, 171 patients (57.0%) recognized that they had diabetes, and the factors influencing cognition were gender, education level, BMI, subjective health status, cardiovascular disease, and paternal and maternal family history. Based on the results of this study, it can be used as basic data to establish policies and intervention programs that reduce the prevalence of diabetes in relatively young people aged 30 to 49 years and increase awareness among those with diabetes in Korea.

• The Journal of the Society of Stroke on Korean Medicine
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.82-88
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• 2010

Because syndrome-differentiation is one of the major characteristics in oriental medicine, there would be a possibility that the same herbal medicine show different effects on the same disease, if syndrome differentiation is ignored. In this report, we observed different response of Yukmijihwang-tang in diabetic stroke patients according to their syndrome differentiation. One case diagnosed as 'Kidney-yin deficiency syndrome' showed remarkable improvement on diabetes mellitus, whereas the serum glucose levels of the other 4 cases diagnosed as 'non Kidney-yin deficiency syndrome' were lowered little. These results are in accordance with the oriental medical theory that Yukmijihwang-tang can treat 'Kidney-yin deficiency syndrome'. Therefore, we suggest that subsequent clinical trials on oriental medicine would have to include the concept of differentiation of syndromes in order to take out the merit of oriental medicine.

• Annals of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.322-327
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• 2023

Situs inversus totalis (SIT) is a rare condition in which cardiac and abdominal organs are inverted from their normal left-sided orientation. Mirizzi syndrome, characterized by the obstruction of the common hepatic duct or the common bile duct by gallstone, is a rare condition. Mirizzi syndrome co-occurrence in SIT patients is rare. Gallbladder in sinistroposition is extremely uncommon in SIT patients. We report a known case of diabetes, ventricular septal defect with transposition of the great arteries in a 32-year-old female who presented with jaundice, cholangitis, chills, and fever that had lasted for 10 days. She was confirmed to have SIT with type III Mirizzi syndrome following a series of diagnostic procedures. Primarily, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography along with common bile duct stenting was performed to initially reduce cholangitis. After an eight-week follow-up after the reduction of cholangitis, surgery was conducted. Mirror-imaged ports were used for the laparoscopic procedure, and the surgeon was on the patient's right side rather than the usual left side. The patient was discharged from the hospital following two days of uneventful healing.

• BMB Reports
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.670-677
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• 2007

Although polysaccharide is believed to play an important role in the medicinal effect of Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl (DCL), its role as an antioxidant and in anti-hyperglycemic induction was not reported. In this study, polysaccharide with molecular weight of approximately 150 kDa, herein named DCLP, was isolated from the stem of DCL, and its antioxidative, hypoglycemic and immune stimulating effects were evaluated using various in vitro and in vivo assay systems. DCLP inhibited hydroxyl radicals ($^{\cdot}$OH)-mediated deoxyribose degradation by scavenging hydroxyl radicals directly as well as by chelating iron ions. DCLP also showed dose-dependent scavenging activity on superoxide anions ($O_2^{{\cdot}-}$) and offered significant protection (p < 0.001) against glucose oxidase-mediated cytotoxicity in Jurkat cells. DCLP had immune stimulating effects, as evidenced by the DCLP-mediated increases in the level of DNA synthesis, viability, and cytokine secretion in mouse lymphocytes. Moreover, oral administration of DCLP produced a significant reduction in blood glucose level in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. These findings suggest that DCLP has a potential utility in treating patients who require enhanced antioxidation, immune function and/or hypoglycemic activity.

• BMB Reports
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.147-152
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• 2012

Methylglyoxal (MG) was identified as an intermediate in non-enzymatic glycation and increased levels were reported in patients with diabetes. In this study, we evaluated the effects of MG on the modification of ferritin. When ferritin was incubated with MG, covalent crosslinking of the protein increased in a time- and MG dose-dependent manner. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers, $N-acetyl-_L-cysteine$ and thiourea suppressed the MG-mediated ferritin modification. The formation of dityrosine was observed in MG-mediated ferritin aggregates and ROS scavengers inhibited the formation of dityrosine. During the reaction between ferritin and MG, the generation of ROS was increased as a function of incubation time. These results suggest that ROS may play a role in the modification of ferritin by MG. The reaction between ferritin and MG led to the release of iron ions from the protein. Ferritin exposure to MG resulted in a loss of arginine, histidine and lysine residues. It was assumed that oxidative damage to ferritin caused by MG may induce an increase in the iron content in cells, which is deleterious to cells. This mechanism, in part, may provide an explanation or the deterioration of organs under diabetic conditions.