• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.13-29
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• 2004

In this study of strategies used by young children in solving rectangular covering tasks before they have been taught area measurement, 75 5-, 6-, and 7-year-old children were asked to solve 3 rectangular covering tasks with a moveable unit. Three different sized units (4 cm., 2 cm., and 1 cm. cardboard squares) were provided and the children were asked to work out how many would be needed to cover a drawn rectangle. The resulting 5 developmental levels include incomplete covering, incomplete arrangement, complete covering, estimating, and measuring. Children using more advanced strategies were able to find correct number of units. While the tendency among older children was to use more advanced strategies, even 5-year-olds had an intuitive understanding of rectangular area measurement.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.267-282
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• 2022

This study aims to analyze the continuity and sequence between the intelligent life curriculum for grades 1-2 and the science curriculum for grades 3-4 with a focus on knowledge and inquiry process skills. The results demonstrate that contents related to science in the intelligent life curriculum consisted of only 10 out of 32 elements. Five elements were related to the science curriculum for grades 3-4 and limited to the 'life sciences' area. Particularly, the intelligent life curriculum did not address topics related to 'matter' and 'motion and energy'. Developmental connection was established in the 'life sciences' area and dramatic changes were noted for the topics related to 'earth and space' area. In terms of inquiry process skills, the levels of observation, measurement, inference, and communication naturally increased, whereas a developmental connection was noted between the intelligent life and science curricula. Classification can be viewed as a developmental link; however, viewing the classification as scientific from the epistemic perspectives was insufficient. In the case of expectation, a gap was observed in both curricula due to the absence of expectation activities in the intelligent life curricula. The study discussed the implications for securing the connection between the intelligent life and science curricula on the basis of these results.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.103-112
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• 2009

This New-Town Project has been proposed to improve the environments of deprived residential areas. This paper investigates the distribution levels of the participating parties' monetary surpluses from New-Town Projects through a case study and tentatively suggests political issues and measures. The methodology followed includes a thorough survey of the precedent theories, including a literature review concerning issues and tasks that have been raised since the development was initiated. A general assessment of the complete project is also provided with a broad perspective of the background settings. Secondly, the case study of Gil-Eum will be the focus for identifying the mechanism for the project's profit distribution levels, then for constructing a set of measuring procedures according to the stages of the project and the participating parties. This set of procedures that has been drawn out from recognizing the system, is applied to the target project and measures the amount of profit gained from each stage of the development. This also aids in collating information about the procedural arguments concerning the financial gains of the operations that have been provided. This project falls under the 'Urban and Residential Environment Improvement Act', and based on the results of each stage, the measurement of the profits of the participating parties is analyzed.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.135-142
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• 2005

Vitellogenins(VTGs) are the precursor of egg-yolk proteins in most oviparous species from invertebrates to vertebrates. In oviparose vertebrates, VTGs are synthesized in the liver and transported through the blood to oocytes. In female fish, concentrations of plasma VTG increase rapidly at onset of vitellogenesis in the normal reproductive cycle. Male fishes also possess the gene for VTG, but plasma concentrations of the protein typically remain small, presumably due to low levels of endogenous estrogens. However, exposure of males to exogenous estrogenic mimics can result elevated. Therefore, the VTG in fish can be used as a useful biomarker for appropriate tools of endocrine disrupting compounds effects. In this studies, we prepared the test methods that can measure the plasma VTG level in the gobies that live in polluted area with mimic estrogen. For the purpose, we purified VTG of floating goby(Chaenogobius annularis) and prepared specific monoclonal and polyclonal antisera to yolk protein, then developed a sandwich competitive ELISA system for measurement of plasma VTG levels. Validation for the ELISA system using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies against VTG was tested. The absorbance curve of serial dilutions of serum from vitellogenic female was paralleled to the standard curve of VTG, but normal male was not paralleled. The developed sandwich ELISA system was measured for VTG levels in plasma of common goby(Acanthogobius flaviman) and javeline goby(A. hasta) as well as in plasma of floating goby(C. annularis).