• 소성∙가공
• /
• 제21권6호
• /
• pp.366-371
• /
• 2012

Atomistic simulations have become useful tools for exploring new insights in materials science, but the length and time scale that can be handled with atomistic simulations are seriously limiting their practical applications. In order to make meaningful quantitative predictions, atomistic simulations are necessarily combined with higher-scale modeling. The present research is thus concerned with the development of a multi-scale model and its application to the prediction of the mechanical properties of body-centered cubic(BCC) iron with an emphasis on the coupling of atomistic molecular dynamics with meso-scale discrete dislocation dynamics modeling. In order to achieve predictive multi-scale simulations, it is necessary to properly incorporate atomistic details into the meso-scale approach. This challenge is handled with the proposed hierarchical information passing strategy from atomistic to meso-scale by obtaining material properties and dislocation mobility. Finally, this fundamental and physics-based meso-scale approach is employed for quantitative predictions of the mechanical response of single crystal iron.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제49권4호
• /
• pp.375-380
• /
• 2006

목 적 : 엎어 재우기, 똑바로 누워 재우기, 옆으로 재우기 등 수면 자세에 따라서 조대운동발달과 미세운동발달이 차이가 나는지 살펴보기 위해서 연구를 시작하였다. 방 법 : 2003월 12월부터 2005년 9월까지 1년 9개월 동안, 전주예수병원 소아과를 방문하는 3개월부터 16개월 사이의 소아 800명을 대상으로 운동발달검사, 수면 자세, 몸무게를 조사하여 연구하였다. 결 과 : 똑바로 누워 재우기가 79.3%, 엎어 재우기가 10.0%, 옆으로 재우기가 10.7%로, 똑바로 누워 재우기가 가장 많았다. 남아와 여아의 조대운동발달 지수는 각각 $109.5{\pm}16.3$, $108.1{\pm}17.3$이었으며, 미세운동발달 지수는 각각 $102.3{\pm}17.1$, $100.7{\pm}16.9$로 성별에 따른 발달의 차이는 없었다. 똑바로 누워 재우기, 엎어 재우기, 옆으로 재우기에 따른 조대운동발달 지수는 5개월에 $98.2{\pm}16.8$, $126.2{\pm}10.9$, $117.2{\pm}6.6$, 6개월에 $101.2{\pm}13.0$, $115.2{\pm}18.0$, $95.7{\pm}20.2$로 각각 엎어 재우기에서 의의 있게 높았다. 7개월에서 16개월까지는 차이가 없었다. 똑바로 누워 재우기, 엎어 재우기, 옆으로 재우기에 따른 미세운동발달 지수는 차이가 없었다. 연령별 평균 미만의 몸무게 군과 연령별 평균 이상의 몸무게 군에서, 조대운동발달 지수는 각각 $106.3{\pm}16.3$, $109.9{\pm}16.8$이고, 미세운동발달 지수는 각각 $99.4{\pm}16.2$, $102.5{\pm}17.2$로 연령별 평균 이상의 몸무게 군에서 조대운동발달 지수와 운동발달 지수가 의의 있게 높았다. 결 론 : 엎어 재웠을 경우 5개월과 6개월에서 조대운동발달 지수가 높았으나, 7개월부터는 차이가 없었다. 따라서 운동발달을 빠르게 하기 위해서 엎어 재우는 것은 의미가 없는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국연소학회 1995년도 제2회 KOSCI Workshop
• /
• pp.91-103
• /
• 1995

In recent years, significant advances have been made in the development of methods to predict ash behavior in utility boilers. This paper provides an overview of methods used to assess and predict ash formation and deposition. It has discussed some of the key problems associated with the formation and deposition of ash during the combustion of pulverized coal. Although considerable progress has been made in understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of ash formation, transport, growth, and strength development, there is still much work to be done. There is a need to develop quantitative relationships between the characteristics of the entrained ash and the physical properties of ash deposits that influence deposit growth, strength development, and cleanability. Also data from bench-scale, pilot-scale, and full-scale units are needed in order to determine operating conditions which will minimize deposition problems, maximize efficiency, and reduce emissions.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국철도학회 2011년도 정기총회 및 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.2844-2851
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study is to set up an acoustic prediction technique and to perform the IL test of scale down noise reducing device for the development of the noise reducing device as the development of 400km/h class high speed train. First of all, the IL prediction of noise reducing device was performed with the 2D BEM method. And the noise test of scale down noise reducing device in anechoic chamber was performed for the verification of acoustic prediction technique and IL performance evaluation. As the results, the acoustic prediction technique for the development of noise reducing device was verified because the averaged IL difference between prediction and test is in 2dB(A). And the measured IL value of noise reducing device is less than 2dB(A), and additional IL with polyester absorption material is increased about 0.5dB(A).

• 가정과삶의질연구
• /
• 제32권2호
• /
• pp.53-75
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the "Authentic Parental Competence Scale" for mothers with school-age children. Based on a literature review, the study found that 'authentic parental competence' could be divided into parenting comperence, self-system competence, and social competence. In addition, the scale comprised three factors consisting of 43. The study collected data through behavior event interview(BEI), focus group interview(FGI), and three times Delphi investigation. The scale for mothers of school-age children consisted of a total of 129 items, which included three different dimensions (knowledge, skill, and attitude), and four factors were extracted from factor analysis following a survey of 362 mothers. The factors were labeled as "ability of developmental positive parenting," "ability of playing a role as a citizen and making social contributions," "ability of self-understanding and interpersonal relations," and "ability of self-growth and self-determination." In addition, the results revealed that the "Authentic Parental Competence Scale" showed an appropriate level of construct validity, reliability of the scales, distribution of item response, and item discrimination.

• 웰빙융합연구
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.23-31
• /
• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study is a preliminary study to develop a comprehensive information avoidance scale that includes various search contexts. Research design, data and methodology: This study is a part of exploratory sequential design of mixed method for the development of information avoidance scale. Based on the themes derived from the analysis of the in-depth interview data collected in the qualitative research of the first stage of the study, 45 preliminary items on information search and avoidance were constructed. The factors related to information searching included information recognition, information seeking purpose, and information search expectations. Individual, information, time, and system factors were related to information avoidance. Pearson's correlation analysis was performed for the correlation between factor items, and Cronbach's alpha analysis was performed for the reliability analysis of the items. Exploratory factor analysis was applied to examine the construct validity of 35 items of information avoidance. Results: Among the information avoidance items, one of the less relevant among information purpose items, two information factor items, and one time factor item were excluded. Conclusions: A secondary survey should be conducted to confirm the validity and reliability of the scale composed of adjusted items (35) based on the results of exploratory factor analysis. The strength of this preliminary scale is that it was developed based on vivid qualitative data of ordinary people who had experiences of search and avoidance in various search contexts.

• 간호행정학회지
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.75-88
• /
• 2003

Purpose : The Purposes of this study was to develop a learning organization measurement for nurses, and to test the validity and reliability of the measurement. Method : This study was conducted through 3 phases -theoretical framework choice, measurement items selection, and the testing of validity and reliability. In order to test reliability and validity of the measurement, data were collected from the 261 nurses, working in the 1 hospital with more 800 beds. The data obtained were analyzed by SPSS for Window program using percentages, Factor Analysis, Cronbach's alpha coefficients. Result : As a result of the study, 2 scales -Learning Organization Building Scale, and Knowledge Management Process Scale- were developed. Learning Organization Building Scale was consisted of 23 items, 5 factors. 5 factors explained 60.26% of the total variance, and the Cronbach's alpha of this scale was .8807. Knowledge Management Process Scale was consisted of 17 items, 4 factors. 4 factors explained 66.14% of the total variance, and the Cronbach's alpha of this scale was .9147. Conclusion : The Study supports the validity and reliability of the scales. Therefore, these scales can be effectively utilized for many researches about Learning organization of Nurse, and Nursing organization in the Hospital Setting.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제29권3_4호
• /
• pp.491-501
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study is to develop clothing shopping orientation(CSO) scales fer more specific clothing shopping aspects. The specific aspects were the merchandise-related aspect and the store-related aspect. The two specific scales were developed based on the conceptual structure model of CSO and the general CSO scale. 16 items were selected for merchandise-related CSO, and 16 items were far store-related CSO. In addition, construct validity and convergent validity of those two specific scales were verified using AMOS 4.0, and discriminant validity were verified using Pearson's correlation. This study has significance in offering an advanced approach to the measurement of CSO.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.395-405
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study was to develop the instrument to measure family functioning for Korean family with a chronic ill child, and to test the validity and reliability of the instrument. Method: The items of instrument were consisted based on researchers' previous study of concept analysis of the Korean family functioning. Twenty six item scale was developed with six domains. In order to test reliability and validity of the scale, data were collected from the 231 families, who have a child with a chronic illness. Data was collected between August and September in 2001 in a General Hospital in Seoul, Korea. Result: The results were as follows: As a result of the item analysis, 24 items were selected from the total of 26 items, excluding items with low correlation with total scale. Six factors were evolved by factor analysis. Six factors explained 61.4% of the total variance. The first factor 'Affective bonding' explained 15.4%, 2nd factor 'External relationship' 11.8%, 3rd factor 'Family norm' 10.5%, 4th factor 'Role and responsibilities' 8.3%, 5th factor ' Communication' 7.9%, and the 6th factor 'Financial resource' explained 7.3%. Cronbach's $\alpha$ coefficient of this scale was .87 and Guttman spilt- half coefficient was .84. Conclusion: The study support the reliability and validity of the scale. There were distinct differences in dimensions of family functioning scales developed in the U. S.

• 아동학회지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.16-37
• /
• 1992

The purpose of this study was the development of a scale to assess maternal anxiety after mother-child separation. Subjects consisted of 384 mothers who had children from 6 to .36 months of age. A questionnaire consisting of eighty Likert-type items and Spielberger's(1970) State Anxiety Scale were administered to mothers and data were analyzed using item analysis. factor analysis. multiple regression. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$. Pearson's correlation and F-test. Sixty of the eighty items were significant and deemed acceptible through item discrimination method with indices ranging from. 32 to .95. Factor analytic procedures have selected 54 items of the 60-item scale and supported a 5-factor solution. The subscales labeled 'Maternal Separation Anxiety'. 'Perception of Separation Effects on the Child', 'Desire for Physical Cuddling and Closeness'. 'Attitudes toward the Value or Importance of Exclusive Maternal Care' and 'Employment-related Separation Concerns,' Finally. a multiple regression analysis conducted to reduce the length of the scale yielded a 39-item form for the Maternal Separation Anxiety Scale(MSAS). Internal consistency of the MSAS was high(Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ =.85). The correlation of the MSAS with the Spielberger's State Anxiety measure yielded a coefficient of .36, revealing a moderate and positive relationship.