• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.519-528
• /
• 2002

It is not a rare occasion that certain dental procedures involving tooth reduction being peformed under inadequate water cooling due to a variety of reasons. This situation could possibly inflict the critical insult to the pulpal tissue of indicated tooth. The purpose of this experiment was to study the pattern of diffusion of external heat produced during routine dental procedures into the pulpal tissue. 30 stone blocks containing three lower second primary molars were used for certain restorative procedures and the temperature of the indicated tooth surface was measured by thermography(Inframetrics 600) and further used as a baseline data for the finite element analysis model fabrication designed in order to evaluate the pattern of thermal diffusion. The ranges of highest surface temperature measured from several dental procedures under water cooling and non-water cooling were $30.8^{\circ}C{\sim}43.6^{\circ}C$ and $51.2^{\circ}C{\sim}103.4^{\circ}C$ respectively. Among procedures studied, crown preparation showed the highest value and amalgam removal showed the lowest. Comparisons between data measured under water cooling and non-water cooling conditions have shown the statistically significant difference(p<0.05). All the non-cooling conditions have shown the relatively larger increment of temperature change at the pulp horn area than the cooling conditions. The results of this study strongly indicate that the water coolant is the essential element in restorative procedures for the maintenance of healthy pulp. Further related studies involving more procedures and conditions are recommended.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.116-121
• /
• 2006

Familial hypophosphatemia is the most common hereditary rickets which occur hypophosphatemia as the calcium concentration in the blood serum is normal but the phosphate concentration in the blood serum decreases by dysfunction of renaltubular phosphorus reabsorption. In spite of the low concentration of phosphate in the blood serum discharge of phosphate by urine and alkaline phosphatase increases remarkably. It is a sex-linked and normally male show severe clinical symptoms than female. This kind of familial hypophosphatemia patients show frontal bossing, square head, short of status for general finding, and for dental finding, thinning of limina dura and dental follicle, thin and hypoplastic enamel, enlarged pulp chamber and canal, high occurance rate of periapical and periodontal abscess and unknown cause of rarefying osteitis. This case is to report about the clinical finging and dental treatment of a child patient, who came to the hospital for treatment of deciduous teeth caries but was refered to pediatrics because the child showed clinically short of status, bow-leg and radiographically enlarged pulp chamber and canal, there as diagnosed as familial hypophosphatemia.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.87-91
• /
• 2016

Pierre Robin syndrome (PRS) is characterized by the triad of congenital mandibular hypoplasia, glossoptosis and cleft palate. Infant PRS patients are frequently suffering from upper airway obstruction, gastroesophageal reflux and growth retardation caused by above mentioned problems. We report a dental caries treatment of 3-year old girl with Pierre Robin syndrome with multiple caries. The cause of multiple caries was mainly presumed as patient's eating habit caused by her general condition. She had some feeding problems and had history of gastric tube. She was still using milk bottle and took more than an hour to finish a meal. The treatment was performed under general anesthesia considering patient's condition; mild autism, poor cooperation and respiratory problem due to micrognathia. Severely affected upper incisors were treated with pulp treatment and restored with zirconia crown for esthetic purpose. Lower incisors were treated with pulp treatment and restored with composite resin. Upper right first primary molar was restored with stainless steel crown and other primary molars were treated with composite resin. There were no postoperative complications. According to her parents, the patient's compliance to oral hygiene management was greatly improved after the treatment since she was very pleased with the esthetic result and highly motivated by her looks. The treatment without sedation or general anesthesia would be possible once the airway is improved as the mandible grows.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• v.39 no.2
• /
• pp.120-125
• /
• 2014

Use of an apical plug in management of cases with open apices has gained popularity in recent years. Biodentine, a new calcium silicate-based material has recently been introduced as a dentine substitute, whenever original dentine is damaged. This case report describes single visit apexification in a maxillary central incisor with necrotic pulp and open apex using Biodentine as an apical barrier, and a synthetic collagen material as an internal matrix. Following canal cleaning and shaping, calcium hydroxide was placed as an intracanal medicament for 1 mon. This was followed by placement of small piece of absorbable collagen membrane beyond the root apex to serve as matrix. An apical plug of Biodentine of 5 mm thickness was placed against the matrix using pre-fitted hand pluggers. The remainder of canal was back-filled with thermoplasticized gutta-percha and access cavity was restored with composite resin followed by all-ceramic crown. One year follow-up revealed restored aesthetics and function, absence of clinical signs and symptoms, resolution of periapical rarefaction, and a thin layer of calcific tissue formed apical to the Biodentine barrier. The positive clinical outcome in this case is encouraging for the use of Biodentine as an apical plug in single visit apexification procedures.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• v.39 no.3
• /
• pp.144-147
• /
• 2013

Damage to adjacent teeth is one of the various complications that may occur during implant placement and is often the result of improper direction during fixture placement or excessive depth of placement. In general, if detrimental symptoms, such as reaction to percussion in damaged teeth, mobility, and pulp necrosis, are not present, osseointegration should be observed at follow-up. In three cases, the possibility of root damage due to an implant fixture placed too close to each adjacent tooth was perceived on radiographs. However, in all of these cases, there were no clinical symptoms or radiographic changes present in the tooth, and the implants did not exhibit decreased stability or peri-implantitis. Therefore, we can carefully predict that the implant fixture close to the adjacent tooth did not invade the cementum of the root, and therefore did not produce the suspected pulpal damage or periradicular symptoms. In this study, we considered both the implant status as well as the adjacent tooth.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
• /
• v.50 no.3
• /
• pp.183-192
• /
• 2020

Purpose: This study was performed to assess the accuracy of preoperative cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), when justified for other reasons, in locating the apical foramen and establishing the working length. Materials and Methods: Six electronic databases were searched for studies on this subject. All studies, of any type, were included if they compared measurements of working length with preoperative CBCT to measurements using an electronic apex locator (EAL) or histological reference standard. Due to the high levels of heterogeneity, an inverse-variance random-effects model was chosen, and weighted mean differences were obtained with 95% confidence intervals and P values. Results: Nine studies were included. Compared to a histological reference standard, CBCT indicated that the apical foramen was on average 0.40 mm coronal of its histological position, with a mean absolute difference of 0.48 mm. Comparisons were also performed to an EAL reference standard, but the conclusions could not be considered robust due to high levels of heterogeneity in the results. Conclusion: A low level of evidence is produced suggesting that preoperative CBCT shows the apical foramen to be on average 0.40 mm coronal to its histological position, with a mean absolute difference of 0.48 mm.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.775-787
• /
• 1996

The purpose of this study was to investigate the postnatal development of pulpal innervation with the tooth development and eruption process in developing rat mandibular molars (postnatal 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 35day-old and adult rats). Immunohistochemical method was carried out for the detection of nerve fibers, using the antibody against calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP). The results were as follows: The feature of CGRP-IR nerve fibers were shown in a bead-like appearance. The time of nerve entering into the dental papilla of tooth follicle began at the occured advanced dentinogenesis. The development of Raschkow plexus began at the formative stage of the roots and was accelerated at the stage of the crown emerged into the oral cavity. The number of nerve fibers entering the odontoblastic layer increased with the tooth eruption and mastication. The development of innervation was shown to be related with the stage of the development of individual teeth rather than the chronological age of the rat.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.673-677
• /
• 2006

The spectrum of pediatric dentistry has been changing recently, due to many socioeconomic changes and developments in dental materials. The purpose of this study was to recognize the changing pattern in pediatric dental treatment and to present the direction for pediatric dentistry in the future. Patient distribution and practice trends were reviewed based on the patient records of the department of pediatric dentistry, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, from 2000 to 2005. Results were as follows ; 1. In 2000, preventive treatments comprised 14.5%, restorative treatments 52.6%, surgical treatments 11.4% and orthodontic treatments 21.5%. In 2005, the percentages were changed to 12.1%, 38.3%, 13.7%, and 35.9% respectively, showing a decline in preventive and restorative treatments and an increase in surgical and orthodontic treatments. 2. In restorative treatments, the proportion of amalgam, stainless steel crown restoration and pulp treatments decreased, and that of glass ionomer and resin restoration increased. 3. The number of out-patients increased from 2000 to 2002, and decreased thereafter. 4. In 2005, the average age of patients decreased from that of 2000.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.46 no.4
• /
• pp.362-368
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze outpatient referral patterns of children in Jeonbuk National University Dental Hospital. All patients under 16 years old who were consulted from the external facilities were reviewed based on the electronic medical record of Jeonbuk National University Dental Hospital from 2015 to 2018. Total 720 boys and 460 girls with an average age of 7.4 years were referred from local dental clinic (85.2%) for treatment severity (90.2%). 3.2% of patients has disability with the highest number of intellectual disabilities. The patients were usually referred at the pre-treatment stage with higher rates if they had disability or medical problem. Referral rate by chief complaints was highest in surgery, followed by reparative treatment and orthodontic treatment. 2^nd referrals in pediatric dentistry had a higher rate of referrals to minor surgery and pulp treatment than of first referrals. The time point of 2^nd referral was relatively delayed with increased ratio of 'during treatment'. These results suggest necessities of appropriate case selection and referral based reasonable criteria for pediatric dentist.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.50 no.3
• /
• pp.318-333
• /
• 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze changes in dental trauma in children under the age of 12 during the period of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). March 2020, when COVID-19 was officially declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization, was set as the starting point for COVID-19. From March 2018 to February 2020, subjects in the pre-COVID-19 period were classified as the Pre-COVID-19 group, and from March 2020 to March 2022, subjects in the post-COVID-19 period were classified as the COVID-19 group. Information related to trauma was collected through electronic medical records. The number of trauma patients before and after the outbreak of COVID-19 decreased significantly. During the COVID-19 period, there was no significant difference in the male-female ratio or the distribution order of age groups. In the COVID-19 group of permanent teeth, the ratio of trauma caused by personal mobility was higher than trauma caused by sports. In the COVID-19 group of permanent teeth, the ratio of crown fracture with pulp involvement was significantly higher than the ratio of crown fracture without pulp involvement. Changes in trauma patterns caused by COVID-19 were observed more clearly in school-aged children than in preschool children. In a pandemic situation such as COVID-19, it is expected to be used as a good educational basis for knowing that frequent diagnoses can change due to changes in the environment.