• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.277-291
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to analyze the dental hygienists' overall performance in operative restoration and the clinical performance in operative restoration according to dental hygienists' career and to provide basic data for establishing the appropriate range of dental hygienists' work. Subjects of this study are 339 dental hygienists working at dental clinic and hospital nationwide, selected by their working place, career, type of clinic, and location of clinical institution. The distribution of people who responded to the survey shows that 81 belong to beginner level(less than 2 years since entering clinic), 115 intermediate level(2 to 3 years since entering clinic), 81 higher level(4 to 5 years since entering clinic) and 62 advanced level(more than 6 years since their entering clinic). In terms of the types of clinical institution, 178 belong to dental clinics and 161 belong to dental hospitals. The survey used in this study are focused on perception about clinical performance in operative dentistry and adequacy of the work. Operative dentistry consists of operative restoration and endodontic therapy. The operative restoration consists of 15 categories such as patient welcoming, examination and diagnosis, planning of treatment, anesthesia, control of moisture, cavity preparation, pulp protection, matrix band application, amalgam filling, resin filling, glass ionomer cement filling, abrasive strip removal, rubber dam removal, bite check and polishing, patient education, and arrangement. The reliability was Cronbach's Alpha .9453. SPSS 10.0 for Windows was used to analyze the responses. One way ANOVA was utilized to verify the differences in the dental hygienists' job performance in operative restoration and their job performance according to career. When significant difference was found. Duncan multi comparison post hoc was done. To sum up the results of this study, patient welcoming look the first place in the operative restoration. It was followed by patient education, examination and diagnosis, introducing treatment plan, resin filling, glass ionomer cement filling, amalgam filling, bite check and polishing, anesthesia, pulp protection, control of moisture, abrasive strip removal, cavity preparation, matrix band application, rubber dam removal, and anesthesia. In terms of the clinical performance by career, there were significant differences in 19 activities such as medical eraluation, oral examination, patient charting, intra oral readio graphs, firm developing fixing mounting, curing light gun, education of attention content after operation. Based on the results of this study, the specific range of operative restoration for dental hygienists should be focused on providing basic data for dentists' diagnosis, alleviation of fear and aching accompanied by injection and anesthesia, data providing for dentists' decision of anesthesia degree, and maximization of control of moisture.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.173-178
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• 2021

Inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) injury is usually caused by stretching or crushing of the neurovascular structures and postoperative intra-alveolar hematoma or edema after dental procedures. This results in paresthesia in the ipsilateral chin, lip (vermilion border, skin, and mucosa), and labial or buccal alveolar mucosa of the mandibular anterior teeth. However, there are no reports of sensory alterations in the teeth, especially tooth hypersensitivity, after IAN injury. I report a case in which paresthesia of the lower lip and hypersensitivity of the lower anterior teeth occurred simultaneously after the removal of the third molar that was located close to the IAN. In addition, I discuss the reasons for the different sensory changes between the tooth and chin (skin) after nerve injury from a neurophysiological point of view. Since the dental pulp and periodontal apparatus are highly innervated by the inferior alveolar sensory neurons, it seems necessary to pay attention to the changes in tooth sensitivity if IAN injury occurs during dental procedures.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.20 no.12 s.163
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• pp.1025-1028
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• 1982

1) The authors have had a case of crown fractured upper central incisor with open apex and non vital pulp. 2) The patient was 8 years old female. 3) Apical closure has been induced with the use of calcium hydroxide and gutta percha cone. 4) At nine month after filling with calcium hydroxide and gutta percha cone, apical closure was observed by radiograph. 5) Root canal was permanently filled gutta percha cone and zinc oxide eugenol by the lateral condensation technique.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.711-715
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• 1973

The author studied histopathologically on the pulpal response of Blendant, Blendant lined with Dycal, silicate cement and direct resin in dog's teeth. The results were as follows ; 1. Blendant induced pulpal irritations but the intensity of irritations were less severe than Silicate cement and Orient. 2. At the postoperative interval of 4 weeks, Silicate cement produced severe pulpal response but the severe response caused by Orient was subsided. 3. Blendant lined with Dycal showed only slight or moderate pulpal response.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.707-710
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• 1973

The Author studied hisopathologically on the pulpal changes to the 3 kinds of Composite resin restorations in dog's teeth. The experimented materials were Blendant Adaptic and Composite. The results were as follows. 1. Inflammatory changes has been observed in all of the experimented materials. 2. Adaptic showed no cases of severe pulpal response such as highly destruction of odontoblastic layer or abscess formatoin in pulp tissues. 3. Composite induced slightly more cases of severe pulpal reaponse than other composite resins.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.179-188
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• 2009

Aim of this study is to examine correlation between size of the coronal pulp cavity and chronological age in adult. Total 716 teeth (218 mandibular canines, 230 first premolars, 268 second premolars) free from pathologies and dental restorations were selected from 276 patients (111 males, 165 females), ranging from 20-69 years. Using periapical X-ray, the height (mm) of the crown (CH=coronal height) and the height (mm) of the coronal pulp cavity (CPCH=coronal pulp cavity height) of the teeth were measured. The tooth-coronal index (TCI) after Ikeda et al (Jpn. J. For. Med. 1985;39:244-250) was computed for each tooth and regressed on real age. With increasing age, the TCI was relatively decreased, indicating the reduction of length of the pulp chamber. Even reduction of the TCI with aging was found in combined group rather than in each sex and type of tooth separately. The most definite reduction was in canine of combined group. The correlation coefficient was strongest when measurement from canines of females (r2=0.247).

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.317-322
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• 2016

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is widely used in endodontic therapy as a pulp-capping material, root or furcal perforation repair material, and for apexification and obturation of the root canal system. The purpose of this study was to formally document cases of MTA application in South Korean children and adolescents. Through this research, the practice of using MTA will be introduced and familiarized to the clinical practitioners. This study involved endodontic treatment using MTA for fractured crowns in 11- and 12-year-old. The children were followed up for 12 months until the pulp vitality was confirmed; in young permanent teeth with immature roots, the pulp is integral to the process of apexogenesis. These observational results regarding the use of MTA as an apexification material in non-vital immature permanent incisors appear to provide promising results in the search for new materials to meet existing endodontic needs.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.37-46
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• 1981

This study was undertaken to evaluate the pulpal responses to the pulp-capping materials such as glutaraldehyde and formocresol in pulpotomy technique, especially in the primary dentition. Mandibular primary canines and molars of 5 dogs (aged about 8-9 weeks)were selected for this study. The intervals of observation for histologic study of pulpotomized primary teeth with 2% glutaraldehyde, formocresol and calcium hydroxide in the usual manner ranged from 2 hours, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks and 5 weeks after experiments respectively. Each specimens were fixed with 10% formalin and decalcified in 5% nitric acid. All slides were stained with Hematorylin-Eosin and examined histopathologically. The results were as follows; 1. In calcium hydroxide groups, formation of dentin bridge was initiated in 1 week after experiments and completed in 5 weeks after experiments. 2. Formation of dentin bridge was not seen, whereas necrosis of pulp tissue was noted, in formocresol and glutaraldehyde groups. 3. Duration of tissue reactions and tissue changes were similar, in formocresol and glutaraldehyde groups. 4. In formocresol and glutaraldehyde groups, amputation surfaces of the pulp were covered with blood clots, beneath which coagulation necrois was noted, but inflammatory cells were not prominent, in 2 hours and 1 week after experiments. But coagulation necrosis was proceeded to the apical portion, accompanied by infiltration of inflammatory cells, since 2 weeks after experiments. And suppuration or gangrene of the pulp tissue were noted in 3 weeks and 5 weeks groups. 5. Suppuration or gangrene of pulp seemed to provoke the resorption of dentin wall, and inflammatory changes and resorption of roots were noted in the periodontal membrane near the periapical region. 6. As compared with calcium hydroxide groups, resorption of the root was pronounced in form or cresol and glutaraldehyde groups. Effects of medicaments to the succedaneous tooth germ were not seen.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.374-387
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to examine the distribution of lymphocyte populations in normal, reversibly inflamed and irreversibly inflamed human dental pulp tissues using flow cytometry. Flow cytometry, with specific antibody and fluorochrome reagent allows us to know cellular properties of hematolymphoid cells by measuring fluorescence of stained cells. Before extirpation of pulps in routine endodontic treatment, the clinical diagnosis were performed by symptom. The extirpated pulp tissues were divided into normal pulp group (N=5), reversible pulpit is group(N=10) and irreversible pulpitis group(N=7). The specimen was placed into RPMI 1640 medium, minced into small pieces, and then digested in medium with collagenase. The cell suspension was resuspended in PBS for monoclonal antibody staining of T lymhocytes(CD3+), B lymphocytes (CD19+), T helper cell (CD4+) and T supressor cell (CD8+). The percentages of cells were counted by FACStar(BD) flow cytometer. Following results were obtained; 1. In the most normal and inflamed pulps, the percentages of T lymphocyte, B lymphocytes, T helper cell and T suppressor/cytotoxic cell were less than 1 % in total counted pulpal cells. 2. The higher percentages of T, B, T helper and T suppressor cells were observed in irreversible pulpitis group as compared with the normal pulp and reversible pulpitis group but the differences between groups were not statistically significant (p>0.05). 3. The percentages of T helper cells (CD4 + cells) were greater than that of T suppressor/cytotoxic cells (CD8 + cells) in the inflamed pulps.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.17-21
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• 1977

After a vital pulpotomy in dogs' teeth, the responses of the remaining pulp tissue under calcium hydroxide and formocresol were studied histologically. The class I and V cavities were prepared on the teeth and the pulp was amputated. Calcium hydroxide and formocresol were placed over the amputated tissue and the cavities were sealed with zine oxide eugenol cement and zinc phosphate cement. Animals. were sacrifice after 1, 2, and 3 weeks following the operation. The teeth were decalcfied, sectioned and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Microscopic examination reveals as follows; 1. Healing of the pulp at the amputation site did not occur in the pulps treated with formocresol. 2. At one week, a thin layer of darker staining tissues just below the necrotic zone was presented in the pulps treated with formocresol. In this stage the tissues beneath the darker staining layer were normal. 3. At two weeks, the cells of the palest staining layer were showed indistinct nucleus which suggested the karyolysis and the karyorrhexis in the pulps treated with formocoresol. As reached to the middle third of the pulp, the odontoblasts were scarcely evident or missed in this stage. 4. At three weeks, the necrotic zone was reached to the middle third of the pulp canal. The cells beneath the zone showed massive infiltration of inflammatory cells in the pulps treated with formocresol. 5. Dentin bridge in the control group was deposited below the necrotic zone from the two. weeks later. 6. Normal tissues were observed ill the apical third of all. the dental pulps in all case of calcium hydroxide and formocresol.