• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.43-53
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• 2013

The paper addresses the introduction of outsourcing of delivery service for the small service industries such as delivery based restaurant in order to increase the profit and revenue of the service company, upgrade the delivery satisfaction for the customers, and expand the welfare of the senior people through the work. The chinese restaurants are selected as model service companies, outsourcing of delivery services are suggested for those restaurants and simulation models are developed for all operation systems for them. Some of input data for the simulation are collected from the real world and others are refined through the interview with the field workers. 6 scenarios are established considering the number of deliverers and delivery charges and simulation experiments for each scenario have been done according to the 3 kind of situations of the service companies. The results show that introduction of outsourcing increases the revenue and profit of the service company, decreases the service time for the customers and increases the revenue of the delivery outsourcing company employing the senior people. So delivery outsourcing for the service industries can be considered as a good solution for the welfare problem of the senior people.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.203-210
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• 2017

Companies are pursuing the management of small quantity batch production or JIT(Just-in-time) system for improving the delivery response and LOB(Line Balancing) in order to satisfy consumers' increasing demands in the current global economic recession. And in order to improve the growth of production for reducing manufacturing cost, improvements of the Load Balancing have become an important reformation factor. Thus this paper is aimed at warehouse which procures materials on the assembly line in procurement logistics of automotive logistics and proceed with research on heuristic algorithm development which can increase the Load Balancing of workers. As a result of this study, when applied the primary target value, it was verified that the whole workers decreased from 28 to 24. Furthermore, when specified the secondary target value and applied algorithm once more, it was verified that the Load Balance Ratio was improved from 44.96% to 91.7%.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.10-16
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• 2023

Whilst Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) can provide important insights over time and across contexts among rotation workers whose work periods alternate with leave at home, it can also be challenging to implement in the resources and construction sectors. This review aimed to provide a summary of the methodological characteristics of EMA studies assessing health outcomes and related behaviors in rotation workers. Systematic searches in PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Scopus were done to include 23 studies using EMA methods in assessing health-related outcomes and behaviors. EMA designs included daily diary: assessments once per day typically fixed at the end of day (47.8%), within day fixed interval time-based design: assessments on multiple times per day at certain times of day (17.4%) and combination of both designs (34.8%). Studies employed paper and pencil diaries (73.9%) and one or more electronic methods (60.9%): wrist-worn actigraphy device (52.2%) and online-based diaries (26.1%) for data collection. Most of the studies (91.3%) did not report prompting -EMAs by schedule alerts or compliance. Daily diary and within day fixed interval dairies designs are common, with the increasing use of electronic EMA delivery techniques. It is unclear how well participants adhere to assessment schedules, as these are inadequately reported. Researchers should report compliance-related information.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.27 no.2 s.46
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• pp.242-257
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• 1994

In Korea, female workforce has reached more than 40% of total working population, but the effects of work on spontaneous abortion are yet to be examined. This study as conducted to investigate the occupational effects on spontaneous abortion. Medical insurance claim data were used to examine the effects of the employment status and industry of employment on spontaneous abortion. The study population was composed of females, aged $15{\sim}44$, who were the beneficiary of medical insurance in the month of June, 1993. The working females covered by medical insurance for industrial workers, had the highest age-adjusted Spontaneous Abortion rate (SAB rate=claim frequency of spontaneous abortion/claim frequency of complication of pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium), 6.65% whereas female dependants of medical insurance for industrial workers had the lowest age-adjusted SAB rate, 4.54%. Among industrial workers, the workers in manufacturing industry had the highest age-adjusted Spontaneous Abortion ratio(SAB ratio=claim frequency of spontaneous abortion/claim frequency of completly normal delivery), 43.2/100 whereas those in financing and service industry had age-adjusted SAB ratio, 16.2/100 and 20.5/100, respectively. The results of the study suggest the adverse effect of manufacturing Industry on reproduction. Work environments such as chemical exposures, overwork, awkard posture, and job stress should be further studied for their effects on reproductive functions of female.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.611-618
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• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate the perception of the management of food service in schools. The subjects consisted of 271 school dietitians in the Daegu and Gyeongbuk areas. The questionnaire included the food temperature management and the frequency of the food quality confirmation. The sanitation performance of the delivery workers was evaluated with a 5-point Likert scale. The food items for which the proper temperatures while they were being received were difficult to maintain were as follows: ready-to-use vegetables, 49.8%; frozen foods, 30.3%; and fish paste, 27.7%. The frequencies of the food quality confirmation whenever the foods were received were as follows: for beef, 87.5%; pork, 84.5%; chicken, 84.1%; eggs, 73.4%; seafood, 59.4%; and processed foods, 52.8%. The total mean score of the dietitian-perceived sanitation management performance of the delivery workers was 3.86/5.00. The school dietitians said the percentage of the mixed delivery of food items in vans was 80.4%. The percentage of the dietitians who thought this mixed delivery influenced food sanitation and quality was 92.3%. Therefore, safe foods should be supplied to schools with a thorough inspection process and hygiene education, and professional research is required on the appropriate inspection process.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.155-161
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to understand the causal relationship between the safety behavior of delivery man and safety awareness, work environment, and occupational stress, to derive factors for enhancing safety behavior, and to manage them with priority. It seeks to provide basic data on the factors. In this study, with the help of a community site for delivery man, we conducted a questionnaire survey of a total of 119 delivery man working at distribution centers. Questionnaires were created using safety behavior, safety awareness, work environment, and occupational stress measurement tools created using survey questions from other studies. As a result of the analysis, there was a significant difference between safety education and the experience of accidents associated with working period. In addition, there was a significant correlation between safety behavior due to conflicts related to occupational stress, safety awareness and safety behavior, and safety behavior due to the safety system in the work environment. As a result, we investigated whether it was an accident and the factors that influence safety behavior, and concluded that appropriate improvements were needed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.292-303
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• 2018

Objectives: This study aims to analyze manganese (Mn) concentrations in maternal and cord bloods at delivery and to estimate the Mn exposure risk for fetuses whose mothers were occupationally exposed to Mn. Materials and Methods: Forty-six pairs of maternal and cord blood samples were collected at delivery from mothers who were occupationally unexposed to Mn. Mn concentrations of blood were analyzed by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer. Mn exposure levels for fetuses of female workers were estimated by simulating two working exposure scenarios. Results: The geometric mean concentration of Mn in maternal and cord blood were $27.0(1.34){\mu}g/L$, $46.6(1.25){\mu}g/L$, respectively. Transfer ratios of Mn from maternal to cord blood were $1.81{\pm}0.62$, which indicated that the Mn concentrations in cord blood were higher than those in maternal blood. Mn concentrations in cord blood for the worse or general scenarios were estimated to $22.3-1,881{\mu}g/L$ and $1.59-308{\mu}g/L$, respectively. The probabilities of exceeding $74{\mu}g/L$, which was adopted as a reference level reported in a previous study, were 95% and 44% for the two scenarios, respectively. Conclusions: Comparable levels of Mn exposure in maternal or cord blood to those in this study have shown various health effects in previous studies. This suggests that Mn exposure levels in mothers and fetuese in Korea need to be monitored and managed. In addition, female workers who are occupationally exposed to Mn should be protected from the exposure since their fetuses can be exposed to Mn at risky levels during their pregnancy.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.361-374
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• 2001

This study was done to identify a status of home visiting project as a community health nursing system, that was the organization. personal who have age, educational background, marital status, position, experience of the home visiting in the public sectors in part of Seoul. Kyonggi, Kang-won area, It was done to provide basis data for the development of effective visiting nurses project in the health sectors, where was Health Centers in urban and rural. Branch of Health Center in rural and Health posts. The question airs were distributed 352 public health workers who working place was 118 health workers in 12 health centers in Seoul. 56 public health workers among 39 health center and other public health sectors in Kyonggi and 178 public health workers among health center and health care sectors. Data collected from October to December. 2000. The analysis by SAS system with F test, percentage and frequency. The major result were as follows. The general characteristics of the respondent show that most of them were graduates from community college and RN-BS with broadcast that they had not completed CPHN course but only two health workers have trained for the visiting nurses project. As for their grade in the position, the most of health workers have seventh level and the other CHP were above sixth level in the health care post that in the government structure. This indicates that workers do not have great authority in decision making, the most period of works in the position was one and two years indicating that they change jobs frequently. On an average their clinical experience was 4.11 years which is ideal for the total service. As for preparation of staff for home visiting workers education on visiting nurses program have to receive short term or longer term training course for strong emphasis. The analysis showed that public health visiting workers responds about active job performance that based on an area, approach of acting by districts, education and position are shown statistically significant difference between acceptance of the visiting nursing job show the same as well as visiting nurses project. Special concerns for visiting Nursing care spread came to burden, many of activity carry out main solution is covered the health problem connective support system needs of quality and quantity which out health problem. As 71.1% of visiting health service held on the poor population was under the guardianship of the law, but people who health insurance wide application under law shown a tendency to increase gradually. The general characteristics of the patients showed 56.2% of female on average of age was 66.1 years old, they have health problem was the most of 47.6% of high blood pressure and stroke, the other and as a problem that economics, which is complex welfare with out health problem. Community health care service should be combined health and social work program. The form of delivery of visiting health care given the most guide and education with counselling and support. (33.6%) Among the six category of visiting care service shown statistically significant difference and next is fundamental care, remedy care with priority.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.13A no.5 s.102
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• pp.455-464
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• 2006

In multi-regional mobile agent computing environments, spatial replication-based approach may be used as a representative mobile agent fault-tolerance technique because it allows agent execution to make progress without blocking even in case of agent failures. However, to apply this approach to real mobile agent-based computing systems, it is essential to minimize the overhead of locating and managing mobile agents replicated on each stage. This paper presents a new mobile agent location management protocol SRLM to solve this problem. The proposed protocol allows only the primary among all the replicated workers of each stage to register with its regional server and then, significantly reduces its location updating and message delivery overheads compared with the previous protocols. Also, the protocol addresses the location management problem incurred by electing the new primary among the remaining workers at a stage in case of the primary worker's failure.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.89-104
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• 2021

Food delivery service combined with IT technology and HMR (Home Meal Replacement) are rapidly growing due to the COVID-19. Recently, the demand for salads along with HMR has increased among office workers in their 20s and 30s who are interested in health and beauty. Freshcode is a food startup with 6 years of experience that started selling salad products through O2O service. Freshcode applied for a patent for a service that collects orders from nearby areas and delivers them on the same day to a designated delivery address 'FCOSPOT' to save shipping costs. In March 2021, in recognition of the growth potential of the regular delivery service, Freshcode received an investment of 6 billion won in Series A. This study may have practical implications to early-stage startups and scale-up stage startups through a longitudinal case study on the growth of a single company. As for the research method, the lean startup methodology and lean canvas were used in the early stage of startup. In particular, the process of the build-measure and learn feedback-loop, which is the core of lean startup methodology, was applied to each major decision-making step. In the scale-up stage after 5 years, the business model canvas was used to schematize the growth as a food online O2O platform to verify continuous innovation. This case study has three main findings. First, the idea of 'FCOSPOT' was successfully implemented through the Lean Startup methodology. Second, Freshcode demonstrated the scalability of the differentiated business model of shared base delivery O2O. Third, a key factor of success was the digital integrated communication operation strategy that maximizes the experience for the created customers.