• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.205-229
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• 2007

This study analyzed relation with risk recognition degree by customs business of customs brokers and actuality insurance accident occurrence. These study finding that risk recognition by customs work area of customs brokers and actuality insurance accident occur did not agree. So customs brokers more elevate risk recognition of entry field, origin/trademark right, HS and customs tariff application, customs refund, price estimation that are high the insurance accident rate. and they may have to do emphasis administration through employee education and ability elevation. Specially, operation risk that is produced from charge employee's simplicity mistake who tax invoice omission, a tax use mistake, document nondelivery, notice dispatch delayed action, may have to manage through moral management and employee bylaws and education, employee guidance etc. Also, they publicize these contents to import and export enterprise, and practice risk management of high risk business in priority through education and public information. so we will have to make can do more effective risk management.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.07d
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• pp.2753-2755
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• 2003

Overhead crane must do to control occurrence of Anti-Sway according to work situation that is used in case move industry spot's heavy freight, and do safe transfer of freight. Transfer process that make use of crane suspends and consist of series action that put down freight to do relevant addition decreasing the speed before objective while move by schedule section equal speed because increasing the speed after lift thing. This need skill degree by experience because there are operator's function and affinity. Also, must control this effectively because can affect big productivity elevation according to effect that get in transfer of safe freight, Therefore, illuminate physical characteristic of crane and algorithm of motor drive department and there is purpose of this research to do so that correct control may be available through over head crane's shaking control and position control designing LQ controller.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.57-63
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• 2008

In this paper, we develop the Hipass antenna that is used in electronic tall-gate charging (ETC) system in Korea expressway. This antenna has circular polarized characteristics, and especially has 45 degree tilted beam properties. These properties are very effective in ETC communication between the vehicle antenna and the tall-gate antenna. To achieve these properties on a small microstrip type antenna structure, we propose a annular ring microstrip antenna with stubs. When the length and angle of stubs are changed, the direction of the circular polarized beam is generally tilted by $45^{\circ}$ in elevation angle. Especially, by using the stubs in inner area or outer area of ring antenna, it is found that the beam direction of in azimuth angle can be rotated.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.433-447
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• 2003

Since self-efficacy was suggested by Bandura(1977) as the most important factor that affects human behavior, preceding studies about self-efficacy are frequently related with children, and it is a main stream that only personal factors are chosen as related factors of these studies. Considering we don't have enough studies about family factors that reflect qualitative and relational factors of adolescents' home background, this study was aimed to seize the actual condition of self-efficacy meaning perceived and emotional faith about their own ability. These are our major concerns: 1. What kind of tendency does self-efficacy and appearance stress of adolescents, family functioning show? 2. How strong are relative influences of variables on self-efficacy of adolescents? This study was operated on July and August, 2002, aimed 378 middle school and high school students in Jeon-Nam, Mokpo area. 378 question sheets were used for analysis. Followings are results of this study. First, aimed students' average mark of self-efficacy was 2.09, which meant a normal level. And in low-ranked part, self-control-efficacy was the highest, and confidence task difficulty preference was following. Furthermore, whole self-efficacy showed a little difference from the demographic factor of adolescents. In low-ranked part, however, confidence and self-efficacy showed a somewhat difference. As students grew up, confidence decreased, and male students showed higher self-control-efficacy than female ones. Second, appearance stress and family functioning degree had a strong relation with self-efficacy. Family functioning, had important interrelation not only with whole self-efficacy but also with low-ranked part of self-efficacy. In low-ranked part, self-control-efficacy and task difficulty preference were proportional to the family functioning degree. From these results, we can find that the appearance stress was an actual factor that affected the self-efficacy of adolescents, and their self-efficacy was strongly related with family functioning degree. Accordingly, affirmative emotion in family, harmonic communication among family members and sharing housekeeping works had an immediate influence on elevation of self-efficacy.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.104 no.2
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• pp.213-220
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• 2015

This study was carried out to determine the distribution of factors as effected by debris flow in Ulsan and Pusan metropolitan areas because mainly debris flow caused by typhoons and local heavy rainfall events is mainly attributed to damage of human being ad property. The high risk degree of debris flow was to affected by east (20%), northeast (20%) and northwest (20%) slopes with stand age class with elevation (69%) of 100-200 (33%). Also, the risk was high in high erosion collapse degree with slope degree of $20-25^{\circ}$ with over 300 mm (100%) of maximum daily rainfall events and 50-100 mm (50%) or >100 mm (50%) of maximum hourly rainfall events with <5 km of stream path and <50 ha of catchment area. Landslide debris and wood residue flow was also related to igneous rocks (73%) and bank collapse types of debrs flow (57%).

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.19-27
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• 2009

This study was carried out to obtain the basic model to estimate damage degree from the correlation analysis between forest fire and site environment factors and to clarify the restoration trends thorough multi-temporal survey by observing species diversity followed by various treatments at damaged forest area over time. From the derived model, the damage degree of forest fire was higher in the area of dense coniferous stands composed of simple story at the elevation of about 100m and 200m, and on steeper slope area over 30 degree. As results of this study, fire damaged trees are needed to cut down and a mixed stand with deciduous and coniferous species from the same area is desirable for the future species composition on fire damaged forest. Thus, site characteristics, local species, and mixed stands are the main consideration to enhance the vegetation recovery.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.101-107
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• 2003

In this study, we provide a single element log-periodic antenna that the feeding networks and array structures are aperture coupled and series dipole array type. We made the antenna for direct receiving the Moogoongwha satellite broadcasting signal. The transmission power was able to feed the patch dipole in series due to lay perpendicularly 8 series patch dipole on tapered slot. The patch dipole radiation pattern which fed in series power, make the main beam direction up $37^{\circ}{\sim}42^{\circ}$ within the BS/CS bandwidth. The main beam gain was measured 9.31~11.03 dBi. Using 32 elements to array the elements properly, we acquire $4{\times}8$ array structure on limited PCB board. As a result, it has been found that the new planar DBS antenna structure have high gain over 10dBi and acceptable elevation angle over 42 degree, and we can apply this result to commercial DBS reception antenna manufacturing.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.621-629
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• 1992

Thirteen sternocosal elevations for pectus excavatum were performed on twelve patients between Jan 1989 and Sep. 1991. Eleven among the twleve patients were male. The subjects ranged in age from 2 years to 20 years, with a mean age of 8.33 years[SD=4.80 years], Eleven patients were below 15 years. The early postoperative evaluation by Humphreys` criteria except keloid formation was excellent in all the patients. The lower vertebral index[LVI], configuration index[CI], and upper vertebral index[UVI] were measured on the lateral chest roentgenogram. The LVI and CI improved significantly from 0.31$\pm$0.06 and 1.14$\pm$0.06 preoperatively to 0.25$\pm$0.03 and 0.78$\pm$1.10 postoperatively. The degrees of depression, flatness, and asymmetry and funnel index were measured at the most deformed portion on the computed tomgram performed pre- and postoperatively. The degrees of depression and funnel index improved significantly from 3.32$\pm$0.73 and 5.77$\pm$1. 54 preoperatively to 1.85$\pm$0.14 and 2.96$\pm$0.43 postoperatively, There was no significant change in the degree of flatness however, Six postoperative morbidities occurred in five patients Three were superficial wound infection, two hemopneumothorax, and one reoeration, Reoperation was performed due to forward displacement of the distal sternum below the posterior sternotomy, The findings of this study suggest that the sternocostal elevation is an excellent primary method for the pectus excavatum of children and young adolescents.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.25-34
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• 2007

We analyzed flood runoff and flood characteristics of an small urban river basin which is in an apartment complex in Yewol-Dong, Buchun-Si, Gyunggi-Do. This discharge normally flows a little by intercepting sewer and interception of pollutants. However in flood period it looks like risk of flood damage by high flood discharge and increase of flood elevation. After appling the analysis model on urban runoff, using the GIS data and cross section at the basin, and then we studied the degree of flood control safety at the basin through forecasting flood elevation. Eventually, there are the flood risks from the River structure for Multi-functional Urban river as well as the river safety. As flood runoff analysis in urban, we need to consider risks which are drainage depth and other.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.803-815
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• 2017

In this study of the oak wilt disease that has occurred in a large scale in a protected area located near South Korea's metropolitan region, a detailed analysis has been conducted on the terrain, species and Diameters at Breast Height (DBH) of infected trees to identify the distribution of infection properties in the affected area. Taking into consideration the distribution of oak tree vegetation, a total of 4,640 quadrats in a size of 10 m by 10 m, have been set; and oak tree species, the DBH and infection damage per quadrat have been investigated. Geological properties have been analyzed according to elevation, slope, aspect and micro topography while a weighted value has been given according to the degree of infection in order to calculate an infection index. Through correlation analysis, the infection ratio of seriously-damaged and withered trees and the infection index have been analyzed with regards to the geological properties, tree species and DBH. The analysis shows that the disease tends to affect an area with medium elevation rather than those in the highest or lowest areas and that serious damage has been observed at rugged spots with a steep gradient (more than $30^{\circ}$). Although there has been no distinct tendency with regards to aspect, the infection ratio is relatively high in areas facing the north while the seriously-damaged and withered ratio are high in areas facing the south. In terms of micro topography, more damage has been spotted in valley terrain. Quercus mongolica has sustained more damage than other species. When it comes to the DBH, as seen in previous studies, large trees have suffered severe damage, but the analysis has also revealed conspicuous damage to medium trees with a DBH of 15-20 cm, which had not previously been considered at high risk.