• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.26-36
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• 2021

The Internet was created as a decentralized and autonomous system of interconnected computer networks used for data exchange across mutually trusted participants. The element technologies on the Internet, such as inter-domain and intra-domain routing and DNS, operated in a distributed manner. With the development of the Web, the Web has become indispensable in daily life. The existing web applications allow us to form online communities, generate private information, access big data, shop online, pay bills, post photos or videos, and even order groceries. This is what has led to centralization of the Web. This centralization is now controlled by the giant social media platforms that provide it as a service, but the original Internet was not like this. These giant companies realized that the decentralized network's huge value involves gathering, organizing, and monetizing information through centralized web applications. The centralized Web applications have heralded some major issues, which will likely worsen shortly. This study focuses on these problems and investigates blockchain's potentials for decentralized web architecture capable of improving conventional web services' critical features, including autonomous, robust, and secure decentralized processing and traceable trustworthiness in tamper-proof transactions. Finally, we review the decentralized web architecture that circumvents the main Internet gatekeepers and controls our data back from the giant social media companies.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.149-160
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• 2024

For examining Web3.0 video streaming (VS) platforms in terms of the decentralized technology, tokenization and decentralized autonomous organization (DAO), we look at four platforms like DLive, DTube, Livepeer, and Theta Network (Theta). As a result, DLive which firstly partnered with Medianova for CDN and with Theta for peer to peer (P2P) network and migrates to Tron blockchain (BC), receives no commission from what creators earn, gives rewards to viewers by measuring engagement, and incentivizes participation by allowing 20% of donation & fees for funding development, 5% to BitTorrent Token (BTT) stakeholders (among these 5%, 20% to partners, 80% to other BTT stakeholders). DTube on its own lower-layer BC, Avalon, offers InterPlanetary File System (IPFS), gives 90% of the created value to creators or curators, and try to empower the community. Livepeer on Ethereum BC offers decentralized CDN, P2P, gives Livepeer Token (LPT) as incentive for network participants, and delegators can stake their LPT to orchestrators doing good. Theta on its native BC pulls streams from peering caching nodes, creates P2P network, gives Theta utility token, TFUEL for caching or relay nodes contributors, and allows Theta governance token, THETA as staking token. We contribute to the categorization of Web3.0 VS platforms: DLive and DTube reduce the risk of platform censorship, promote the diverse content, and allow the community to lead to more user-friendly environments. On the other hand, Livepeer and Theta provide new methods to stream content, but they have some differences. Whereas Livepeer focuses on the transcoding layer, Theta concentrates both on the video application layer and content delivery layer. It means, Theta tries to deliver value to all participants by enhancing network quality, reducing CDN cost, and rewarding users in utility tokens for the storage and bandwidth they provide.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.501-508
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• 2022

세계 디지털화의 흐름이 경제, 신원 인증, 물류 분야 등에서 블록체인 혹은 분산원장을 기반으로 한 탈중앙화 시스템 환경으로 변화하고 있다. 이에 맞추어 이내비게이션 서비스의 접근성에 있어서도 탈중앙화된 여러 해사 서비스 레지스트리(MSR)들로부터 공개 서비스를 검색할 수 있어야 한다는 요구사항이 도출되었다. 본 연구는 MSR 분산원장과 다수의 지역 MSR로 구성된 탈중앙화 MSR 환경을 기술하고, 이 환경에서 웹 브라우저 기반의 글로벌 이내비게이션 서비스를 검색할 수 있는 서비스 검색 시스템을 구현하였다. 동적으로 서비스 속성, 지역 정보, 자유 텍스트 검색 질의를 생성하여 MSR 분산원장에 등록된 검색 결과를 통해 유관 MSR과 서비스 접속 정보를 사용자에게 제공하는 탈중앙화 애플리케이션이다. 본 연구에선 구축된 탈중앙화 MSR 환경과 그 환경 내에서 서비스 검색을 수행하는 시스템을 실험하였고 이를 통해 가지는 장점 및 한계점에 대한 논의를 갖는다.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.119-129
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• 2024

We look at Web 3.0 business model canvas (BMC) of metaverse gaming platform, The Sandbox (TS). As results, the decentralized, blockchain-based platform, TS benefits its creators and players by providing true ownership, tradability of decentralized assets, and interoperability. First, in terms of the governance and ownership, The SAND functions a governance token allowing holders to participate in decision and SAND owners can vote themselves or delegate voting rights to other players of their choice. Second, in terms of decentralized assets and activities, TS offers three products as assets like Vox Edit as a 3D tool for voxel ASSETS, Marketplace as NFT market, and Game Maker as a visual scripting toolbox. The ASSETS made in Vox Edit, sold on the Marketplace, can be also utilized with Game Maker. Third, in terms of the network technology, in-game items are no longer be confined to a narrow ecosystem. The ASSETS on the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) are not changed without the owner's permission. LAND and SAND are supported on Polygon, so that users interact with their tokens in a single place. Last, in terms of the token economics, users can acquire in-game assets, upload these assets to the marketplace, use for paying transaction fees, and use these as governance token for supporting the foundation.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.553-559
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• 2003

The reliability modeling of distributed systems requires a good understanding the reliability of the components. For thousands of web users, competitiveness in web services means a successful presence on the web. Mean time between failures of a web site on SOAP12/HTTP is considered, where SOAP12 is a protocol intended for exchanging structured information in a decentralized, distrbuted environment. Data were collected from statlab.cam.ac.uk/webstat/stat.html via the internet.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.255-266
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• 2021

Most common web or application system architectures have central network. As a result, central network can be supervised and controlled in all situation. And It has the advantage of easy to manage and fast to work. However, central network have a disadvantage of weak to security and unclear. In particular, many institutions used by web system be has many problems by central network. In this paper, we proposed blokchain technology based on ethereum to resolve of problem and trading structure that arise in cental network. We propose a decentralized application based on points including cryptocurrency functions and smart contract to the advantages of blockchain with a decentralized structure. The results of the performance experiment are as follows; It has shown the advantages of reliable use and security in a variety of environments(Windows, Ubuntu, Mac).

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.73-82
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• 2022

Web 3.0 is a new web paradigm that aims to overcome the excessive commercialism and influence of big tech companies. Web 3.0 can be defined as a user-centered decentralized Internet environment, and Web 3.0 is a mixture of various terms and technologies such as blockchain, cryptocurrency, NFT, artificial intelligence, and metaverse. When new technology fields emerge, it is common to have positive and negative evaluations. As a result, rather than deciding which position is correct, it is necessary to investigate the causes and directions of change and prepare to seize the opportunity. In light of this, the present study examines the change in the web paradigm and the context of the emergence of Web 3.0, investigates the characteristics and major cases of Web 3.0, and discusses future issues and prospects.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.57-68
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• 2024

In this paper, we are interested in how creator economy startups allowing creators to make money from doing that they love. So, we look at European creator economy startups among Web3.0 business model landscape surveyed in 2022, because the US is home of Web2.0 giant platforms like YouTube. Totally seventeen European startups are investigated, and the theoretical logic is the disruptive innovation. We firstly review the survey published in 2022 and utilize the theory of the disruptive innovation to design the research framework including questions with each type of the disruptive innovation. In this paper, we firstly show, Kalao and Gem as NFT ecosystem platforms aim at service convenience. Secondly, Talkbase, Passionfroot, Bildr, Customuse, and Earnr aim at providing creator tools for under-skilled customers. Lastly, when it comes direct monetization with a decentralized business model, CrowdPad, Admix, GOALS, Realm, Dropstar, Pianity, Sonomo, Stage11, Miiji, and ReadyPlayerMe are representative. Despite the relatively small data size, the results are meaningful as they contribute to a more profound comprehension of the Web3.0 business models and offer guidance for future research directions.

• 경영정보학연구
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.151-172
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• 2024

가상세계에서의 사회경제적 활동을 지원하는 메타버스는 미래 웹 3.0 비즈니스의 핵심이 될 공간으로서 언급된다. 그러나 현재 대부분의 주요 메타버스 플랫폼은 웹 2.0 체제를 고수하며 중앙집권형으로 운영되고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 웹 3.0 형태에서 탈중앙화 자율조직인 DAO로 운영되는 메타버스 플랫폼인 디센트럴랜드의 사례를 살펴보며 메타버스 운영형태에 대해 고찰하였다. 사례분석 결과, 디센트럴랜드는 수평적 운영구조, 공정한 수익배분, 투명성 등의 긍정적인 특징을 가졌지만, 운영 과정에서 중앙화로의 회귀 가능성, 자율적 체계의 악용가능성, 의사 결정의 비효율성 등의 한계점도 포착되었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 DAO 거버넌스로의 전환 시점에 대해 논의하고, 비즈니스 지속성을 위한 노력, 자율적 운영을 위한 조정의 필요성을 시사점으로 제시하였다. 디센트럴랜드 DAO의 긍정적인 특징과 한계성을 바탕으로 본 연구에서 제시하는 시사점은 메타버스 뿐 아니라 웹 3.0을 지향하는 플랫폼 운영에 대해 실무적 측면과 아울러 이론적인 체계를 마련해가는 측면에서도 기여점이 있다.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제15B권5호
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• pp.449-456
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• 2008

본 논문은 웹 환경에서 기존의 웹서비스 골격과 기능을 유지하면서, 에이전트 사이를 조정하여 웹 서비스를 지원하는 새로운 시스템을 설계하고 구현하였다. 본 논문에서는 제안한 LDL을 사용함으로 에이전트가 사용자의 요청을 동적으로 수행 할 수 있었고, 그룹화된 에이전트들이 공동의 목표를 상호 협력적으로 수행하기 위해 위임 과정을 수행함으로써 멀티 에이전트에 의한 웹서비스의 가능성을 보였다. 구현된 시스템의 검증을 위해서 수식계산 시나리오를 사용하였으며, 실험결과 제안한 새로운 시스템은 웹 서비스를 위해 필요한 모듈 검색의 시간 비용이 절감됨을 알 수 있었으며, 일반 사용자도 쉽게 접근이 가능하였다.