• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.63-74
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• 1999

In this paper we present a Hangul Encryption Algorithm (HEA) which encrypts composition Hangul syllables into composition Hangul syllables using the non-linear structure of Hangul. Since ciphertexts generated by HEA are displayable characters HEA can be used in applications such as Privacy Enhanced mail (PEM) where ciphertexts should be displayable characters. HEA is based on DES and it can be shown that HEA is as safe as DES against the exhaustive key search differential cryptanalysis and linear cryptanalysis. HEA also has randomness of phonemes of ciphertexts and satisfies plaintext-ciphetext avalanche effect and key-ciphertext avalanche effect.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2023

Uncanny Valley is a theory proposed by Japanese robot engineer Masahiro Mori in 1970, and refers to the point where the likability drops sharply when the appearance of a robot becomes very similar to a human being without a fully equipped robot. In this study, the theory of existing literature, related papers, and experimental data were analyzed to examine the Uncanny Valley effect that affects character design. The purpose of this study is to analyze whether the Uncanny Valley effect is applied to modeling virtual characters distributed in the Unreal Engine Marketplace. To this end, 15 characters were selected based on the similarity with humans in the Marketplace of the Unreal Engine, and similarity with humans and likability were investigated and analyzed. As a result of the experiment, it was confirmed that the Uncanny Valley effect was similarly applied to virtual character modeling, and through this, guidelines for the use of characters by indie game developers or individual developers using Unreal engines were presented. In addition, through result analysis, we tried to examine the direction to be pursued when designing characters.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.90-96
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• 1990

The study was intended to clarify the direct and indirect effects of agronomic and chemical characters influencing upon yield in tobacco breeding. The eight parents and a set of 28 crosses of F$_1$'s and F$_2$'s were used as materials, and planted on two different cultivated systems, i.e., oriental's and burley systems, during 1986 to 1988 at Daegu Experiment Station. Four characters which were leaf length, leaf width, days to flowering and number of leaves per plant influenced the highly direct effects upon the leaf yield, but five chemical components were expressed as low effects. In indirect effects, leaf length, days to flowering and total nitrogen had the high indirect effects influencing upon leaf yield via the other characters. Accordingly, the results were discussed with a conclusion that the selection should be based on the data from leaf length, days to flowering, leaf width and number of leaves per plant.

• Korean Journal of Hospice Care
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of spiritual nursing intervention on pain and anxiety of the hospice patients. This study was devised with a quasi-experimental design using non-equivalent contrast group non-synchronized design. The data were collected during the period from July 10 to September 25 in 2000 at the general hospital in CheonJu city. The subjects were sixty-seven patients who referred the hospice service. They were assigned to two groups, 36 members of the experimental group and 30 members of the contrast group. They also did not any complication, were alert enough tobe interviewed and agree willingly to participate in this study. The tools used were Yoon's Korean Version of Brief Pain Inventory and Spielberger's State Anxiety Scale. The spiritual care intervention was carried out through Hymn, Scripture, Prayer, the therapeutic use of self over a period of three weeks. Data were analyzed by mean, standard deviation, $x^2$-test, t-test, paired t-test and Pearson's Correlation Coefficients. The results of this study were as follows: 1.The examination of the same quality showed that there were not significant differences in the general characters, disease and therapeutic characters, religional characters between the experimental group and the contrast group. 2.After the spiritual nursing intervention pain scores of the experimental group were remarkably lower than those of the contrast group(right now pain: t=-2.634, p=0.012). 3.Decreasing rate in the pain scores of the experimental group were remarkably lower than those of the contrast group(right now pain: t=5.017, p=0.000). 4. After the spiritual nursing intervention state anxiety of the experimental group were remarkably lower than those of the contrast group(t=-5.987, p=0.000). 5. A positive correlation was found between reported pain and depression following the spiritual nursing intervention. In conclusion, the hospice patients who were offered spiritual care became lower than those who were not offered spiritual care and confirmed to decrease pain. According to these results, spiritual nursing intervention can be regarded as an effective nursing intervention that relieved pain and anxiety of the hospice patients.

• ALGAE
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.213-224
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• 2020

The freshwater red algal genus Sheathia contains species with heterocortication (both bulbous and cylindrical cells covering the main axis) and homocortication (only cylindrical cells). When the genus was proposed, the species with heterocortication were revised, but all specimens with homocortication were assigned to Sheathia arcuata with the caveat that it may represent a species complex. Recent studies have described new species with homocortication and S. arcuata has been rendered paraphyletic. In the current study, new sequences of the rbcL and 5′ region of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I markers were combined with previously published data to construct a robust phylogeny and circumscribe new species. Four new species, S. abscondita, S. californica, S. plantuloides, and S. transpacifica are proposed. Examination of morphological characters among homocorticate species show no diagnostic characters to distinguish among species, whereas S. plantuloides is only known from sporophytes (chantransia) so it lacks the typical morphological characters derived from the gametophytes for comparison. Although DNA sequence data would be needed to make a positive species identification, geography could be employed to narrow the identification to one or two species. The genus is geographically widespread having been recorded from oceanic islands and five continents, whereas the individual species typically occur on a single continent. With this study, the number of species recognized in Sheathia is raised to 17; seven heterocorticate and 10 homocorticate, making this genus one of the most species rich in the Batrachospermales. As well, the resulting phylogeny provides insights into the evolution of heterocortication in Sheathia.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.13-25
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• 2012

Major and reckless development which have been continued during the last half century, have caused decrease and damage of urban green spaces in the point of qualitative and quantitative view. Particularly, it brought about reduction to urban neighborhood park which has taken the main role for landscape ecological value. Recently, neighborhood park planning based on the landscape ecological results has been increasing gradually. Most of all, diverse attempts such as the application of shape character analysis and the step of landscape ecological planning in urban park planning have been proposed. Today, we recognize the importance of comprehensive approach in urban green planning and neighborhood park planning, but landscape ecological approach which is analyzing character and making proposal with isolation, connection and circulation is still insufficient. Most of neighborhood parks in Korea are surrounded by buildings and isolated from adjacent green spaces. Besides, these parks have landscape ecological problems such as reduction of size, isolation from adjacent green spaces, decline of nature, and excessive pavement which we ignored during urban development process. We have sympathy for understanding landscape ecological characters and considering improvement proposals for neighborhood parks Therefore, the purpose of this study was to 1) select five neighborhood parks in Daegu, 2) analyze landscape ecological characters with isolation, connection and circulation, and 3) compare data. It is certain that these results should be the main data for the arrangement of improvement proposals which landscape ecological characters were appled to.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 1984

This study was attempted to evaluate and explain the correlation between stress and utilization of Dispensary, Frequency of absence, Frequency of accident as the health condition of bluecollared workers. The subjects for this study were 260 workers selected conveniently from 360 workers working at one chemical manufacturer located in Seoul. The dataas measure the Stress was collected through SRRS (The Social Readjustment Rating Scale) which is developed by Holmes ＆ Rahe (1976) from 27th July to 10th August, 1983. The data of Utilization of Dispensary and Frequency of Accident were brought out from the record of Dispensary during past 8 months. The Frequency of Abscence from January to August were collected through diligence and indolence cards of each department. All collected data were analysed based on the SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Science) program. The results of the study are as follows: 1. The average of Utilization of Dispensary was 7.4, Frequency of abscence 14.6, frequency of Accident 0.4. 2. The average score of Stress was 134 (minimum : 0, maximum : 593, Standard deviation : 109. 3) It can be considered as a slight stressed group by the requlations of Holmes and Rahe. 3. According to the analysed results of correlation between Stress and the Utilization of Dispensary, Frequency of Absence, frequency of Accident, the Utilization of dispensary and stress were significantly related (r= .1955, p<.001), the Frequency of Absence (r=.0284, p >, 05), and the Frequency of Absence (r=.0284, p>.05), and the Frequency of Accident (r= .0831, p>.05) were not significantly related with Stress. 4. In the relation between general characters of subjects and the Utilization of Dispensary, 20 to 25 aged group, women, single, christian, lent-house dwelling, 1 to 5 years employed group used at a high ratio. 5. In the relation between general character of subjects and the Frequency of Absence, men, 51 to 55 aged group, 21 to 25 years employed group indicated high Frequency, and other char-noters were not significantly related. 6. In the relation between general characters of subjects and the Frequency of Accident, women. single, 20 to 25 aged group, catholic, lent-house dwelling, below 1 year employed group showed high frequency. 7. Stress showed a significant difference only with a religion. Catholic group represented mode-rate stressed scored 209.67, and not significantly related with other general characters.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 2002

This paper presents a mews event reenactment system (NERS), which generates virtual character animations in a quick and convenient manner. Thus, NERS can be used to produce computer graphics(CG) scenes of news events that are hard to photograph, such as fire, traffic accident, cases of murder, and so on. By using plenty of captured motion data and CG model data this system produces an appropriate animation of virtual characters straightforwardly without any motion capturing device and actors in the authoring stage. NERS is designed to be capable of making virtual characters move along user-defined paths, stitching motions smoothly and modifyingthe positions and of the articulations of a virtual character in a specific frame. Therefore a virtual character can be controlled precisely so as to interact with the virtual environments and other characters. NERS provides both an interactive and script-based (MEL: Maya Embedded Language) interface so that user can this system in a convenient way. This system has been implemented as a plug-in of commercial CG tool, Maya (Alias/wavefront), in order to make use of its advanced functions

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.33 no.1_2
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• pp.119-127
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• 2006

Real-time animation of human figures in virtual environments is an important problem in the context of computer games and virtual environments. Recently, the use of large collections of captured motion data have added increased realism in character animation. However, assuming that the virtual environment is large and complex, the effort of capturing motion data in a physical environment and adapting them to an extended virtual environment is the bottleneck for achieving interactive character animation and control. We present a new technique for allowing our animated characters to navigate through a large virtual environment, which is constructed using a small set of building blocks. The building blocks can be tiled or aligned with a repeating pattern to create a large environment. We annotate each block with a motion patch, which informs what motions are available for animated characters within the block. We demonstrate the versatility and flexibility of our approach through examples in which multiple characters are animated and controlled at interactive rates in large, complex virtual environments.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.130-137
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• 2011

Pedicularis growing at Mt. Halla of Jeju Island is known as an endemic species of P. hallaisanensis Hurusawa. On the other hand, the plant is morphologically similar to P. amoena, P. spicata, and P. verticillata in gross morphology, so the taxonomic treatment of the taxon remains controversial. To clarify the taxonomic position of the plants, we examined external morphological characters and nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS sequences for P. hallaisanensis and its related species. The plants of Mt. Halla are clearly different from P. amoena and P. verticillata in the morphology of calyx lobes, the length of galea and lower lip, density of glandular hairs on plants, presences of the radical leaves after anthesis and molecular data. However, P. hallaisanensis is not clearly separated from P. spicata distributed in N. E. Asia on external morphological characters and DNA sequences of internal transcribed spacers. In this study, the morphological and molecular data suggested that P. hallaisanensis should be merged into the former species.