• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
• /
• v.35 no.2
• /
• pp.77-86
• /
• 2009

The encounter probability graph is measured by the chance(in percent) that a vehicle, blindly moving through a minefield, will detonate a mine. The encounter probability graph versus minefield density is presented in ROK and US Army field manual but this graph is baseless because these data had not been presented as those of live mobility or wargame. In this paper, we verified this graph building procedure model as using computer program. The result values of program are almost like those of graph. Therefore this model for our to suggest have validation, verification that a modeling demand and we convince that this model will be useful for calculating encounter probability of multiple vehicles.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.733-738
• /
• 2020

In the recent years, the development of coastal zone has been advancing, and the chance of leisure activity has increased near the sea. However, the destruction of ozone layer has resulted in an increase in the amount of ultraviolet radiation reaching the earth surface. The human body is harmfully influenced as skin cancer and eye damage by ultraviolet radiation. Especially, the effect of ultraviolet radiation on beach is higher than that inland area due to the reflection from the sand. This study is expected to use basic data on the method of measuring ultraviolet reflections on east coast beaches using remote sensing.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.618-625
• /
• 2006

Patterns of induced daily torpor were measured in the striped field mouse, Apodemus agrarius, in response to low temperature, food deprivation and various photoperiods using implanted data loggers. A total of 8 of 21 females entered daily torpor in response to low outside ambient temperature (Ta) during winter and spring, constant low Ta $(4^{\circ}C)$ or food deprivation $(23^{\circ}C)$ during summer, but 2 of 23 males did only in response to low outside Ta during winter. This fact indicates that torpor is an adaptive hypothermia to unpredictable environment in both some males and females, as well as that torpor was inhibited in males in the reproductive season as in other mammals, which is regarded as a strategy not to reduce the chance of copulation. As for females, however, torpor was employed in response to unpredictable environment even in the reproductive season, suggesting that alternative strategies other than keeping the chance of copulation maybe hired by females to keep the population. Torpor bout generally began at $6{\sim}12$ AM, but the decrease of body temperature $(T_b)$ began mainly at $4{\sim}6$ AM at any conditions, the time when Ta is lowest. This strategy might be also adopted for reducing heat loss to unpredictable environment. Minimum $T_b$ of both males and females during torpor did not fall below $16.5^{\circ}C$. Photoperiod had no influence on the incidence and timing of daily torpor in either males and females. The similar timing of torpor bout in response to the 3 different photoperiods (24D, 16L:8D or 8L:16D) under the constant temperatures $(4^{\circ}C\;or\;23{\pm}2^{\circ}C)$ suggests that entering time of torpor might be controlled by the circadian rhythm of the mice rather than by the photoperiod.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.17 no.12
• /
• pp.148-157
• /
• 2017

This study provided an overview of how action learning runs in parents' education classes by analyzing the case of parent education program for prospective early childhood teachers. The subjects of this study were 32 pre - service teachers (30 students in early childhood education, 2 double major students) who were enrolled in the department of early childhood education at P university in Daejeon. The research was conducted theoretical and practical action learning program for 12 weeks. The data collection was organized by students preparing weekly diaries, group assignments, in-depth interview materials, colleagues and self-assessment, and analysed with the qualitative case study approach. The results of the qualitative analysis are as follows: Action learning teaching method provided opportunities to encounter diverse cases through student led and group activities. Students could experience a specific problem solving method between parents-children relationships as prospective parents. Students could have a chance to solve real-life situations that are difficult to experience in theoretical classroom situations between teachers-parents relationship as prospective teachers. Although the realization of practical knowledge of real-world conflict has been challenging, it has become a chance to have confidence with the role of parents and the role of teachers in the future.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.643-650
• /
• 1998

In order to assess students' higher mental abilities, such as scientific inquiry thinking skills, the essay type items would be more adequate than the multiple choice itmes. However, due to the present condition in which a huge number of students take the examination at the same time, it is inevitable to use the multiple choice type. For this reason, it is necessary to develop a new type of multiple choice items which can reduce the disadvantages of the traditional multiple choice type and can achieve a similar level of validity as subjective type assessment. The three-tier multiple choice test items which can be used for a large sample of students and especially for scientific inquiry thinking abilities, are proposed and examined. The three-tier multiple choice test items asked firstly conclusion or the results of calculation or experimental apparatus, secondly the processes of calculation or of developing conclusion, thirdly asking relevant scientific concepts. For the item analysis, 1 point was given to the correct answer, while 0 point was given to the wrong one. The data were processed through the computer program developed in Turbo C 2.0 language with an IBM compatable personal computer. The average score in the sub-items asking for scientific concepts was lower than that in the sub-items asking for results or processes. The score of guessing by chance in the three-tier multiple choice items was only 0.13%, so that the probability of making correct answers by just guessing would be extremely low. The three-tier multiple choice items, even if they are objective items, are thought to assess thinking skills of the scientific inquiry meaningfully excluding the possibility of guessing by chance.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.19-33
• /
• 2005

In this paper, we analyzed the qualitative data which collected from the inquiry learning situation on small group using TI-92 graphing calculator. From the analysis, we found the followings: First, TI-92 graphing calculator promote the mathematical communication between students or students and teacher on the small group inquiry learning process through it be a role of catalyzer to make opened atmosphere. Second, TI-92 graphing calculator give a chance to students to explore the advanced mathematical relations through it provide the new learning environment relate to the visual imagery.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.25-34
• /
• 2014

To provide high quality contents, game companies are introducing a new technology. One of the ways is the game character animation would utilize the motion capture. However, because of the economic burden, small businesses do not have a chance to take advantage of the motion capture. The purpose of this study is to derive benefit from cost and time saving by simplifying the existing production method based on a case of utilize to motion capture system. In addition this study has find ways to apply the key frame animation, so that is will be help to develop game contents.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.33 no.3B
• /
• pp.112-122
• /
• 2008

Basing on Piconet, The Bluetooth System forms network and transmits data. There is one Master and maximum 7 Slave bluetooth devices in one piconet. A job scheduler performed by Master bluetooth device, gives the chance of data transmission to Slave bluetooth devices, which connected to Master, using polling method in piconet. The maximum data rate is 723.2 kb/s when it uses ACL link with DH5 packet type in a piconet which is constructed by two bluetooth devices. However, if there are one master and two slave devices in a piconet, then the maximum data rate is reduced to a half(361.6kb/s), because a master device has to support same data rate for all connected devices. And, there is the defect in scatternet when data transmission rate becomes low(Maximum rate: 302.2kb/s). This paper proposals the new ad-hoc network topology called "DoublePico"for overcome the low data transmission in scatternet which is constructed by piconets. The method of doublepico that represented in this paper makes high data transfer rate(Maximum rate: 457.57kb/s) in bluetooth ad-hoc networks.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.523-528
• /
• 2013

Background: The possibility that electromagnetic fields (EMF) exposure may increase male breast cancer risk has been discussed for a long time. However, arguments have been presented that studies limited by poor quality could have led to statistically significant results by chance or bias. Moreover, data fo the last 10 years have not been systematically summarized. Methods and Results: To confirm any possible association, a meta-analysis was performed by a systematic search strategy. Totals of 7 case-control and 11 cohort studies was identified and pooled ORs with 95% CIs were used as the principal outcome measures. Data from these studies were extracted with a standard meta-analysis procedure and grouped in relation to study design, cut-off point, exposure assessment method, adjustment and exposure model. A statistical significant increased risk of male breast cancer with EMF exposure was defined (pooled ORs = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.14-1.52, P < 0.001), and subgroup analyses also showed similar results. Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggests that EMF exposure may be associated with the increase risk of male breast cancer despite the arguments raised.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.700-710
• /
• 1999

Promoting women's health lifestyles are important due to their connection to family health. The purpose of this study was to analyse women's health lifestyles(HPL) and their effects on women's life-cycle, so in order to develop a program in a women's health care center. The subjects included were 1080 women over 18 years old living in Wonju city, and were selected by stratified and purposive sampling. The data were collected through a questionnaire and interview. The Cronbach $\alpha$, %, mean, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and regression in SPSS PC Win. package was used to analyze the data. The sample was sepernted into three groups premarital group 20.2%(premarital women between 18 and 40 years old), delivery and children rearing group 49.9%(marital women between 18 and 40 years old), over middle agedelderly group 29.9%(women over 41 years old). Significant difference were found in the HPL according to group. Also, relating variables, such as self-efficacy, family functions, health locus of control and gender role perception that were considered relating variables to HPL significantly differed among the three groups. HPL significantly correlated with self-efficacy, family functions, HLOC and gender role perception in all participants and at all groups. The regression analysis of HPL was interpreted 40.6% with relating variables, self-efficacy, health attention, family functions, and internal locus of control, health perception, power other locus of control and chance locus of control in all participant. Self-efficacy, family functions, health attention were considered important variables in premarital group, self-efficacy, family functions, internal locus of control, health attention, health perception and power of control were important in delivery-rearing group. Self-efficacy, health attention, internal locus of control, family functions and health perception were important in middle aged-elderly group. As a result, we found the differences HPL scores and relating variables according to life-cycle groups. Therefore, we should prepare health promoting education programs for women according to women's life cycles. Also we suggest that women's health care centers based on communities was needed for proper management of women's health.