• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2020

Rock damage is the main cause of accidents in underground engineering. It is difficult to predict rock damage accurately by using only one parameter. In this study, a rock failure prediction model was established by using stress, energy, and damage. The prediction level was divided into three levels according to the ratio of the damage threshold stress to the peak stress. A classification predicting model was established, including the stress, energy, damage and AE impact rate using Bayesian method. Results show that the model is good practicability and effectiveness in predicting the degree of rock failure. On the basis of this, a multi-parameter classification predicting deterioration model of rock failure was established. The results provide a new idea for classifying and predicting rockburst.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.1-22
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• 2020

The modal strain energy method is one of the efficient methods for detecting damage in the structures. Due to existing some limitations in real-world structures, sensors can only be located on a limited number of degrees of freedom (DOFs) of a structure. Therefore, the mode shape values in all DOFs of structures cannot be measured. In this paper, a modified modal strain energy based index (MMSEBI) is introduced to locate damaged elements of structures when a limited number of sensors are used. The proposed MMSEBI is based on the reconstruction of mode shapes using Improved Reduction System (IRS) method. Therefore, in the first step by employing IRS method, mode shapes in slave degrees of freedom are estimated by those of master degrees of freedom. In the second step, the proposed MMSEBI is used to located damage elements. In order to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed method, two numerical examples are considered under different damage patterns considering the measurement noise. Moreover, the universal threshold based on statistical hypothesis testing principles is applied to damage index values. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed MMSEBI for the structural damage localization when comparing with the available damage index named MESBI. The results demonstrate that the presented method can be used as a practical strategy for structural damage identification, especially when a limited number of sensors are installed on the structure. Finally, the combination of MMSEBI and IRS method can provide a reliable tool to identify the location of damage accurately.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2020년도 학술발표회
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• pp.99-99
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• 2020

The frequency and scale of domestic flood damage continues to increase, but the criteria for responding to flood damage have not been established. To this end, research is underway to estimate the amount of rainfall in each region so that it can be used to respond to flood damage. The limit rainfall is defined as the cumulative maximum rainfall for each duration that causes flooding, and this research purpose to improve the threshold rainfall by estimating the damage based on the damage history in units of 5 years and analyzing changes over time. The limit rainfall based on the damage history was estimated by using the NDMS past damage history of the Ministry of the Interior and Safety and the rainfall minutes data of AWS and ASOS. The period for estimating the limit rainfall is 2013 ~ 2017, 2015 ~ 2019, and the limit rainfall is estimated by analyzing the relationship between the flood damage history and the rainfall event in each period. Considering changes in watershed characteristics and disaster prevention performance, the data were compared using 5-year data. As a result of the analysis, the limit rainfall based on the damage history could be estimated for less than about 10.0% of the administrative dongs nationwide. As a result of comparing the limit rainfall by period, it was confirmed that the area where the limit rainfall has increased or decreased This was analyzed as a change due to rainfall events or urbanization, and it is judged that it will be possible to improve the risk criteria of flooding.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.84-96
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• 2022

In the worst case, a temporary ignition source (also known as transient combustibles) between two electrical panels can damage both panels. Mitigation strategies for electrical panel fires were previously developed using fire modeling and risk analysis. However, since they do not comply with deterministic fire protection requirements, it is necessary to analyze the boundary values at which combustibles may damage targets depending on various factors. In the present study, a sensitivity analysis of input variables related to the damage threshold of two electrical panels was performed for dimensionless geometry using a Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS). A new methodology using a damage evaluation map was developed to assess the damage of the electrical panel. The input variables were the distance between the electrical panels, the vertical height of the fuel, the size of the fire, the wind speed and the wind direction. The heat flux was determined to increase as the vertical distance between the fuel and the panel decreased, and the largest heat flux was predicted when the vertical separation distance divided by one half flame length was 0.3-0.5. As the distance between the panels increases, the heat flux decreases according to the power law, and damage can be avoided when the distance between the fuel and the panel is twice the length of the panel. When the wind direction is east and south, to avoid damage to the electrical panel the distance must be increased by 1.5 times compared to no wind. The present scale model can be applied to any configuration where combustibles are located between two electrical panels, and can provide useful guidance for the design of redundant electrical panels.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2008년도 학술대회 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.165-168
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• 2008

The experimental results of exposing IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) samples to gamma radiation source show shifting of threshold voltages in the MOSFET and degradation of carrier mobility and current gains. At low total dose rate, the shift of threshold voltage is the major contribution of current increases, but for more than some total dose, the current is increased because of the current gain degradation occurred in the vertical PNP at the output of the IGBTs. In the paper, the collector current characteristics as a function of gate emitter voltage (VGE) curves are tested and analyzed with the model considering the radiation damage on the devices for gate bias and different dose. In addition, the model parameters between simulations and experiments are found and studied.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.136-139
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• 2001

We investigated a high-output ower, periodically poled lithium niobate(PPLN) optical parametric oscillator(OPO) pumped by a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. Given the low optical damage threshold and the limited aperture (0.5mm thick) of PPLN, we tried to maximize the signal output power in a linear cavity consisting of two flat mirrors with a loosely focused pump beam. It is found that this simple cavity structure allowed a robust OPO operation, which was not sensitive to alignment compared with the conventional ones using concave mirrors. A maximum energy of 100$\mu$J/pulse was achieved for the signal at 1.36${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$, while the oscillation threshold was 0.3 mJ/pulse for the pump at 1064 nm.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.375-388
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• 2008

Crack opening governs many transfer properties that play a pivotal role in durability analyses. Instead of trying to combine continuum and discrete models in computational analyses, it would be attractive to derive from the continuum approach an estimate of crack opening, without considering the explicit description of a discontinuous displacement field in the computational model. This is the prime objective of this contribution. The derivation is based on the comparison between two continuous variables: the distribution if the effective non local strain that controls damage and an analytical distribution of the effective non local variable that derives from a strong discontinuity analysis. Close to complete failure, these distributions should be very close to each other. Their comparison provides two quantities: the displacement jump across the crack [U] and the distance between the two profiles. This distance is an error indicator defining how close the damage distribution is from that corresponding to a crack surrounded by a fracture process zone. It may subsequently serve in continuous/discrete models in order to define the threshold below which the continuum approach is close enough to the discrete one in order to switch descriptions. The estimation of the crack opening is illustrated on a one-dimensional example and the error between the profiles issued from discontinuous and FE analyses is found to be of a few percents close to complete failure.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.83-97
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 암석의 최대강도 이전의 각 손상단계에서 탄성정수의 변화로 나타나는 손상특성과 최대강도 후거동을 고려할 수 있는 손상모델을 실험적으로 개발하였다. 일축 및 삼축압축실험 결과를 토대로 암석의 손상기준을 결정하였고, 각 손상단계에서 탄성정수의 변화를 구속압의 함수로 최적화시켰다. 또한 최대강도 후 Hoek-Brown상수 mr과 sr을 이용하여 최대강도 후 거동을 모사하였다. 개발된 실험 손상모델을FLAC$^{2D}$의 FISH 함수로 구현하여 수치해석을 실시하였다. Hoek-Brown 최대강도 후 상수들이 해석결과에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과, 일축압축강도는 mr과 sr 모두에 의해 영향을 받으나 5,에 의해 더 크게 좌우되는 것으로 나타났다. 반면 m,은 최대강도 후의 응력-변형률 곡선의 기울기에 큰 영향을 끼치는 것으로 나타났다. 분석으로부터 얻어진 최적 손상모델을 수치해석에 적용한 결과 실험실 시험으로부터 얻어진 최대 강도와 암석의 손상에 따른 강성 변화를 잘 예측하였다.다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제44권11호
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• pp.875-887
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 우리나라에 적합한 한계유출량 산정기법을 제안하고 이를 평가하고자 한다. 대상유역은 한강유역이며, 유역의 하도구간을 산지소하천 자연하도, 인공하도 그리고 본류하도의 3구간으로 구분하였다. 산지소하천의 경우 산지계곡의 야영객 및 등산객들의 피해를 방지하기 위해 0.5 m 수위상승을 기준으로 한계유출량을 산정하였다. 산지소하천 자연하도의 한계유출량은 유역 및 하도 매개변수 간의 지역적 회귀분석을 통해 소유역별 한계유출량을 계산하였다. 산지소하천 인공하도의 경우에는 유역 및 하도특성인자들의 지점정보를이용하여 지점별 한계유출량을 산정하였다. 반면 하천 본류구간에서는 고수부지를 이용하는 이용객들의 인명피해를 방지하고자 하천본류구간의 경계홍수량을 기준으로 지점별 한계유출량을 산정하였다. 산정된 한계유출량의 검증을 위해 3개의 돌발홍수사례를 수집하였으며, SCS 유효우량 방법을이용하였다. 지속시간 1, 3, 6시간에 해당하는 유효우량이 한계유출량보다 상회하는 값을 지닌 것으로 나타나 본연구에서 제시한 한계유출량 산정방법이 적절한 것으로 판단된다.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.21-33
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• 2022

본 논문은 기업비밀 노출로 초래될 손실을 현격히 줄일 안전 비밀조각 공유 시스템을 제안한다. 본 연구 시스템은 중앙서버 방식이 아닌 효율적 P2P 분산 시스템을 제안한다. 최근 비트코인 유통 시스템도 역시 P2P 분산 방식을 사용하고 있다. 본 연구는 기능이 단순하고 확장성이 높고 전송 효율적인 토렌트 P2P 분산 구조와 그 프로토콜을 사용하여 토렌트 파일조각 대신 임계 샤미르(Shamir) 비밀조각의 보안 유통을 설계한다. 본 연구는 임계 샤미르 비밀조각 공유기법 (Threshold Shamir Secret Sharing Scheme)을 시스템에 적용하고. 동시에 다중 협동장치의 서명기법을 사용하여 안전하고 강력한 다중인증방식의 사용자 인증을 수행한다. 안전한 비밀 데이터 유통도 공개키로 암호화 교환된 임시키의 대칭암호방식의 효율적 암호화로 전송을 한다. 짧은 유효기간의 임시키는 세션 동안 생성되고 세션 마감후 소멸하므로 키 노출에서 안전하다. 특별히 본 제안한 시스템의 특징은 임계 분산기법을 효율적 토렌트 P2P 분산 시스템에 구조적 변경없이 효과적으로 적용한다. 동시에 본 시스템은 효율적인 임시키 대칭암호방식으로 비밀파일 유통에 기밀성을 보장하고 임시키는 공개키 암호방식으로 안전하게 교환된다, 본 시스템은 외부 유출 기기도 사용자로 동적 등록이 가능하다. 이 확장성으로 기밀성과 인증성을 동적으로 등록된 사용자에게도 적용할 수 있다.