• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.149-163
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze the actual conditions of consumer damage occuring in the use of clothing products. The data used for analysis included 470 cases, which were deliberated by requesting consumer disputes deliberation at the consumer consultation room of Masan YWCA at the Kyeongsangnamdo Consumer Life Center belonging to the Kyeongnam provincial office. The disputes regarding the clothing products insisted that consumers suffered damage for the period from March, 2011 to June, 2013. The data processing was carried out by SPSS 14 and the statistics techniques used went through a cross tabulation analysis and ${\chi}^2$-test. The results are as follows. The difference in the analysis result of purchase path and material as to kinds of clothing products showed a significant difference. The damage types of clothing products were classified into five types: change of color, change of style, change of surface and touch, breakage of subsidiary materials, and others. The damaged clothing products showed a difference for damage frequency according to the items of clothing products; in particular, damage frequency for change of color appeared high. The damage contents of change of color were identified as metachromatism, discoloration and yellowing, stain occurrence, and decolorization. The damage responsibility for these clothing products appeared to be various as to clothing items, but was higher at dry cleaners and manufacturers.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.4482-4488
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• 2014

This paper proposes the creation scheme of a threat map for robot global path planning. The threat map was generated using neural network theory by analyzing the robot's armament state and the menace information of an enemy or obstacle. In addition, the performance of the suggested method was verified using the compared result of the damage amount and existing robot path data.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.1402-1407
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• 2004

Moving a fragile object from an initial point to a goal location in minimum time without damage is pursued in this paper. In order to achieve the goal, first of all, the range of maximum acceleration and velocity are specified, which the manipulator can generate dynamically on the path that is planned a priori considering the geometrical constraints. Later, considering the impulsive force constraint of the object, the range of maximum acceleration and velocity are going to be obtained to keep the object safe while the manipulator is carrying it along the curved path. Finally, a time-optimal trajectory is planned within the maximum allowable range of the acceleration and velocity. This time optimal trajectory planning can be applied for real applications and is suitable for not only a continuous path but also a discrete path.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.221-229
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• 2020

Naval ships could be seriously damaged by enemy attacks in battle. Moreover, this damage could be spread and deteriorated into a secondary accident. Secondary accidents that have adverse effects on naval ship's survivability, such as fire, flood, smoke extension, and patient occurrence, are defined as casualties. These casualties sharply degrade the survivability of naval ships. Furthermore, naval ships could be burned-out and sunk by casualties in isolated sea. Therefore, damage control and rapid suppression of the casualties in the naval ships is essential. This study was conducted in the establishment of suppression paths according to the characteristics of each casualty so that the developed system can support the rapid suppression in an emergency and even the training situation on a regular state. To establish the suppression paths, the two-dimensional numerical map is designed by converting the three-dimensional features of the naval ships, and the well known algorithms are compared to present the appropriate one for path finding problem on the naval ships. Finally, we devised a specific routing algorithm that fits the characteristics of each casualty in accordance with the Korean Navy's doctrines and handbooks of casualty suppression.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.286-289
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• 2015

Objectives: The aim was to evaluate dentinal crack formation after root canal preparation with ProTaper Next system (PTN) with and without a glide path. Materials and Methods: Forty-five mesial roots of mandibular first molars were selected. Fifteen teeth were left unprepared and served as controls. The experimental groups consist of mesiobuccal and mesiolingual root canals of remaining 30 teeth, which were divided into 2 groups (n = 15): Group PG/PTN, glide path was created with ProGlider (PG) and then canals were shaped with PTN system; Group PTN, glide path was not prepared and canals were shaped with PTN system only. All roots were sectioned perpendicular to the long axis at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 mm from the apex, and the sections were observed under a stereomicroscope. The presence/absence of cracks was recorded. Data were analyzed with chi-square tests with Yates correction. Results: There were no significant differences in crack formation between the PTN with and without glide path preparation. The incidence of cracks observed in PG/PTN and PTN groups was 17.8% and 28.9%, respectively. Conclusions: The creation of a glide path with ProGlider before ProTaper Next rotary system did not influence dentinal crack formation in root canals.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.168-177
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• 2008

Path finding is a key element in the navigation of a mobile robot. To find a path, robot should know their position exactly, since the position error exposes a robot to many dangerous conditions. It could make a robot move to a wrong direction so that it may have damage by collision by the surrounding obstacles. We propose a method obtaining an accurate robot position. The localization of a mobile robot in its working environment performs by using a vision system and Virtual Reality Modeling Language(VRML). The robot identifies landmarks located in the environment. An image processing and neural network pattern matching techniques have been applied to find location of the robot. After the self-positioning procedure, the 2-D scene of the vision is overlaid onto a VRML scene. This paper describes how to realize the self-positioning, and shows the overlay between the 2-D and VRML scenes. The suggested method defines a robot's path successfully. An experiment using the suggested algorithm apply to a mobile robot has been performed and the result shows a good path tracking.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.117-123
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• 2023

There are casualties due to inundation and flooding due to intensive typhoons or heavy rains in summer. Due to such damage, the biggest disaster is flood, and in order to reduce human damage, this paper proposes a shortest distance algorithm-based pedestrian path search study using Map API. This system selects Map API through comparative analysis and provides the shortest route. The route explored is in JSON format and the data of the shelter is stored in the database. The route search system designed and implemented based on this data locates pedestrians and provides evacuation routes in case of flash floods. In addition, if the route cannot be entered while moving to the evacuation route, the current location of the pedestrian is identified, the route is re-searched, and a new route is provided. Therefore, it is believed that the pedestrian route search system proposed in this paper will prevent negligent accidents.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.236-244
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• 2017

In this study, the high-velocity impact penetration behavior of $[45/0/-45/90]_{ns}$ carbon/epoxy composite laminates was studied. The considered configuration includes a spherical steel ball impacting clamped circular laminates with various thicknesses and diameters. First, the impact experiment was performed to measure residual velocity and extent of damage. Next, the impact experiment was numerically simulated through finite element analysis using LS-dyna. Three-dimensional solid elements were used to model each ply of the laminates discretely, and progressive material failure was modeled using MAT162. The result indicated that the finite element simulation yielded residual velocities and damage modes well-matched with those obtained from the experiment. It was found that fiber damage was localized near the impactor penetration path, while matrix and delamination damage were much more spread out with the damage mode showing a dependency on the orientation angles and ply locations. The ballistic-limit velocities obtained by fitting the residual velocities increased almost linearly versus the laminate diameter, but the amount of increase was small, showing that the impact energy was absorbed mostly by the localized impact damage and that the influence of the laminate size was not significant at high-velocity impact.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.765-779
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• 2009

Quantitative condition assessment of structures has been traditionally using proof load test leading to an indication of the load-carrying capacity. Alternative approaches using ultrasonic, dynamics etc. are based on the unloaded state of the structure and anomalies may not be fully mobilized in the load resisting path and thus their effects are not fully included in the measured responses. This paper studies the effect of the load carried by a reinforced concrete beam on the assessment result of the crack damage. This assessment can only be performed with an approach based on static measurement. The crack damage is modelled as a crack zone over an area of high tensile stress of the member, and it is represented by a damage function for the simulation study. An existing nonlinear optimization algorithm is adopted. The identified damage extent from a selected high level load and a low load level are compared, and it is concluded that accurate assessment can only be obtained at a load level close to the one that creates the damage.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.738-745
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• 2012

Aircraft battle damage repair(ABDR) is emergency repair method for the damaged aircraft in battle field. The main purpose of the ABDR is to increase the readiness of fighter aircraft during wartime. While many studies have been conducted to develop ABDR method, few efforts have focused on evaluation of damage and determination of the size of hole caused by enemy's anti-aircraft artillery attack. The aim of this study is essentially to quantify damage of aircraft wing attacked by anti-aircraft artillery. The computer simulations was performed to accomplish this goal. A number of simulations have been carried out to compare size of damages under various attack conditions. In conclusion, it was revealed that the size of damage varied depending on the type and direction of cannonball. Furthermore, in this paper, the proper path sizes are suggested for different damage conditions.