• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.673-684
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to meta-analyze the relationships of major concepts, which were made by synthesizing similar explanatory variables into more comprehensive concepts, to hope. Method: The relevant researches from Jan 1980 to Dec 2003, performed in adults or adult patients, were collected. Using the SAS program, meta-analysis were done with the input data of the number of subjects, the correlation coefficients provided from most of the studies or a few transformed correlation coefficients from F value. In order to get the analysis to be done in homogeneous status of the data regarding each relationship of each major concept to hope(p> 0.05), heterogeneous data were eliminated in repeating Q-test. Result: The major variable regarding relationship to self/transcendental being/life(spiritual wellbeing & self esteem) and social support(social support & family support) have very large positive effects on hope(D=l.72, D=l.27). The negative effect of the variable regarding captive state(uncertainty in illness, perceived unhealthiness status, & fatigue) and positive effect of coping(approach coping) on hope are in the level between moderate to large(D=-0.61, D=0.78). All the effects of the major concepts on hope were verified as significant statistically(p=.000). The Fail -Safe numbers showed the significant effects of the three major concepts except coping on hope were reliable. Conclusion: The results can be a guide to advance hope theory for nursing.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 2012

In this paper, we designed and analysed K-band front-end module for digital microwave communication system receiver which improvement of dynamic range. We also suggested method of minimum amplified input signal level used to minimize noise figure of low-noise amplifier for High dynamic range. The designed modules consist of active mixer with conversions gain and PL-DRO with high stability and quality factor. The designed modules performance is that has the characteristics of over 54dB conversion gain, 1.3dB noise figure.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.189-200
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• 2019

Korean seafarers have played a key role throughout the country's history and economic development. They have been a major source of foreign remittance into the nation as well as a pivotal sector in emergency logistics during war times. However, the current number of Korean seafarers in decreasing due to low job attractiveness and retention rate onboard. This is a major problem for the national and international shipping industry as youth seem not to be interested in working onboard for long periods of time. The purpose of this study is to 1) determine what the public opinion about seafarers in Korea is and 2) find out what factors mostly stand out in the public opinion about seafarers profession. The paper suggests that three main types of opinion groups emerged. The first type is labeled as 'high risk, high workload and high stress' as respondents recognized a high possibility of accident onboard and, at the same time, acknowledged that seafarers can be fatigued and stressed. The second type was named as 'Dangerous, Dirty, Difficult', as seafarers' image was mainly associated to fishing vessels and not to merchant and passenger ships. The third type recognized that the social position of the seafarers was low due to 'low social recognition'. The study suggests that all three types have a negative image of seafarers' job. Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to establish various policies and marketing tools to improve the negative job image linked to seafarers by the public opinion. If the public image of seafarers can be improved and attractiveness rose, it is expected a higher number of seafarers will pursue and keep a career at sea.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.182-188
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• 2001

A solenoid-type MEMS inductor with a quality factor over 10 at 2 GHz has been developed using an electroplating technique. The integrated spiral inductor has a low Q factor due to substrate loss and skin effects. It also occupies a large area compared to the solenoid-type inductor. The direction of flux of the solenoid-type inductor is parallel to the substrate, which can lower the substrate loss and other interference with integrated passive components. To estimate the characteristics of the proposed inductor over a high frequency range, the 3D FEM (Finite Element Method) simulation is used by using the HFSS at the Ansoft corporation. The electroplated solenoid-type inductor is fabricated on a glass substrate step by step by using photolithography and copper electroplating. The fabrication process to improve the quality factor of the inductor is also developed. The achieved inductance varies within a range from 0.5 nH to 2.8 nH, and the maximum Q factor is over 10.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.128-136
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• 2023

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an 8-week closed kinetic chain typed Reformer and Chair Pilates exercise on static and dynamic lower limb alignment for healthy female adults. Method: Ten healthy young female adults without musculoskeletal injury history in last 6 months (Age: 29.3 ± 3.5 yrs., Height: 165 ± 3.4 cm, Body mass: 58.2 ± 5.4 kg) participated in this study. All participants asked to join the 8-week closed kinetic chain typed Reformer and Chair Pilates exercise, and the program was conducted for 60 minutes twice a week. Participants were asked to be measure a static Q-angle and performed free squat one week before and after the program. A 3-D motion analysis with 8 infrared cameras and 5 channels of EMG was executed in this study. The effectiveness of the training was evaluated by paired t-test, and the significance level was set at .05. Results: A significantly decreased in internal rotation angles was found at hip joint during free squat after the training. Also, significantly decreased in lateral rotation angles were found at knee and ankle joint during free squat after training. Finally, significantly decreased in muscle activations were found at adductor longus and peroneus longus during free squat after training. Conclusion: From results of our study, it is concluded that an 8-week closed kinetic chain typed Pilates exercise positively effect on lower limb alignment during dynamic movement.

• Interaction and multiscale mechanics
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.321-336
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• 2011

This paper presents the results of static vertical load tests carried out on a model building frame supported by pile groups embedded in cohesionless soil (sand). The effect of soil interaction on displacements and rotation at the column base and also the shears and bending moments in the columns of the building frame were investigated. The experimental results have been compared with those obtained from the finite element analysis and conventional method of analysis. Soil nonlinearity in the lateral direction is characterized by the p-y curves and in the axial direction by nonlinear vertical springs along the length of the piles (${\tau}-z$ curves) at their tips (Q-z curves). The results reveal that the conventional method gives the shear force in the column by about 40-60%, the bending moment at the column top about 20-30% and at the column base about 75-100% more than those from the experimental results. The response of the frame from the experimental results is in good agreement with that obtained by the nonlinear finite element analysis.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1996.07a
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• pp.467-469
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• 1996

In this paper, the voltage equation of the stationary reference frame was reduced in squirrelcage induction motor using vector control algorithm, and changed that of the d-q synchronously rotating reference frame, so the torque equation was reached, and propose vector control algorithm for speed control. Also the real time control was possibled using DSP(TMS320C31) to experiment system which show high accuracy speed response characteristics by liner current control using space voltage vector PWM method.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 1997.07a
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• pp.55-59
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• 1997

In general, Vector control of synchronous reluctance motor(SynRM) is performed under the assumptions that all the parameters are constant and magnetizing flux saturation and iron loss effect can be negligible. Under these assumptions, however, torque nonlinear characteristic can be a possible performance deterioration when precision torque control is needed and operating speed is high. This paper proposes the method, in the Synchronous Reluctance Motor (SynRM), which select appropriate stator d,q-axis currents that the influence of iron core loss on the developed torque can be minimized, and shows that the proposed method is comparable to the algorithm which compensates the iron core loss effect.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.24-30
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 기존에 널리 사용되어져 온 Wavier-Stokes 방정식을 풀이하는 전통적인 CFD 해석에서 벗어나 최근에 그 응용 분야를 넓혀가고 있는 LBM의 해석코드를 개발하고, 이를 이용하여 이차원 채널속에 놓여진 쇄기형 물체 주위의 유동특성을 조사하였다. D2Q9 격자계 및 Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook (LBGK) 모델을 채택하였으며, 수치해석 결과는 기존의 실험결과의 잘 일치하였다. 쇄기형 물체에서 와의 형성 및 방출 Reynolds 수 범위는 $32{\leq}Re{\leq}620$ 이며, 원형실린더에서 알려진 Karman 와열을 형성하는 주기적인 와방출은 대칭적인 와가 형성된 후 $Re{\geq}85$부터 시작되며 Reynolds 수의 증가에 따라 와 방출 주파수는 증가되었다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.832-833
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• 2011

Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (IPMSM) produces two kind of torque that Magnetic and Reluctance torque. The permanent magnet linkage flux and d-axis and q-axis inductances have an important influence on the torque characteristic of IPMSM. Thus their accurate prediction is essential for predicting performance aspect such as the torque and flux-weakening capabilities. In this paper, is calculated by LC resonance method with FEM. The results are validated by comparison the calculated by another method.