• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.305-308
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• 2014

Background: To investigate the indications of loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) and its overtreatment rates for the see and treat and three step strategies in cases of atypical squamous cells of undetermined cytology (ASC-US) and low grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGSIL) cytology. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed colposcopy directed biopsy (CDB) and LEEP results of 176 paients with ASC-US or LGSIL cytologies who underwent colposcopic examination. Results: Initial cytologies were ASCUS in 120 women and LGSIL in 56. According to the see and treat approach immediate LEEP was performed for38 women. Among the remaining 138 women, LEEP was performed for 32 whose CDB results revealed CIN2/3 lesions. In the see and treat group the recognition of CIN2/3 was found to be 39.4%. The overtreatment rate was 60% as compared to 25% in the three step group. In CDB group detection of CIN 2 or greater lesions increased with 3 or more biopsies. Conclusions: In patients with ASC-US/LGSIL cytologies CDB should be performed before LEEP to prevent overtreatment, with attention to all suspected areas and more than 2 biopsies taken.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.91-96
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• 1992

The efficacy of the fine needle aspiration biopsy and cytological examination(FNABC) under ultrasonographic(US) guides for the diagnosis of cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis was assessed. There were one hundred and one patients whose neck masses were proven to be tuberculous lymphadenites with cytologic and/or histologic diagnosis. The physical characteristics shown by US revealed that all the cases were multiple lesions. Multiregional lesions were found in 80 cases(79.1%) and 19 cases(18.8%) were the bilateral lesion. The region V was the most prevalent site(n=69, 68.3%). US findings revealed 92 cases(90.9%) showed hypoechoic lesions and 9(9.1%) showed mixed echo patterns. There was no hyperechoic lesion (p<0.05). The sensitivity of FNABC was 77.2% and specificity was 99.0%. Diagnostic accuracy was 85.0%. There was no complication during the procedures. FNABC for the diagnosis of cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis is a safe, convinient procedure and has a high specificity. The pitfall of FNABC the low sensitivity, seemed to be compensated by US evaluations.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.945-950
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• 1999

A 4-year-old female American cocker spaniel was hospitalized with 6 months prolonged dermal problems in The Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Seoul National University. Initial noticed signs by owner of this dog were rashes and papules on ear part and they were spreaded whole body. On initial physical examinations, papules, pustules, crusts, and erythema were presented on whole body. Diameters of focal scaly and erythematous alopetic lesions were varied ranging 1 to 4cm. Skin scraping for detecting ectoparasites and wood's light examinations for dermatophyte were negative. Any bacteria were not detected but Malassezia pachydermatis was detected on cytological examination and fungal culture. The dog was treated with Itraconazole (5mg/kg, q12h) and Cephalexin (20mg/kg, q12h) orally and then bathed with 2% chlorhexidine shampoo twice per week for 5 weeks. From 12 weeks after starting therapy, all dermal problems were disappeared although some mild pyoderma were once relapsed. Regular chlorhexidine bathing treatment so far has been continued for preventing recurrence.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.73-78
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• 2009

Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) is an immune-mediated skin disease which requires histopathology and immunohistopathology in both dogs and humans. A 10-month-old, intact female Alaskan Malamute presented for depigmentation, swelling, alopecia, erythema, and crusting on the bridge of the nose and the nasal planum. Cytological examination of nasal lesions revealed numerous cocci and neutrophils. Histopathological features included of infiltration of mononuclear cells at the dermoepidermal junction. Direct immunofluorescence tests and immunohistochemistry exhibited positive IgG, IgM, IgA, CD3, CD18, and CD79a on the epidermal basement membranes and around adnexal glands. This case indicates both T cells and B cells are related to mechanism of canine DLE. This case report describes advanced diagnostic tests and clinical outcome with immune suppressive therapy in a rare juvenile canine DLE case.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.135-137
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• 2016

A 6-month-old, weighing 2.8 kg, female, domestic short-haired cat presented with open fracture at right distal radius about a month ago. Based on radiological findings, hyperplasia at the right radioulna and left humerus was found. Results of the cytological examination were inflammatory reaction and reactive osteoblast. Distal radial ostectomy proceeded with necrotic bone debridement. Three weeks after operation, the radial bone lysis was seen on radiograph but clinical condition improved. Hyperplasia at the right radioulna and left humerus was dissolved. Two months after operation, she can use her both forelimbs despite right elbow have been diagnosed as arthrosclerosis because of periosteal reaction. Six months after operation, clinical symptoms of limbs were not detected. In this case, open fracture was treated through delayed surgical debridement procedure, therefore hematogenous osteomyelitis occurs at another forelimb. The longer a wound remains open, the more likely it is that infection will develop. The infection can occur to fracture bone and seed from hematogenous spread to another normal bone. In conclusion, when open fracture occurs, early antibiotic treatment and urgent surgical intervention are recommended.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.360-362
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• 2020

A 12-year-old intact female Pomeranian dog was presented with vulvar discharge, lethargy, polyuria, and polydipsia. A complete blood count revealed leukocytosis and anemia. The serum biochemical analyses showed elevated serum alkaline phosphatase activity and blood urea nitrogen. Survey abdominal radiography revealed an enlarged left kidney. Abdominal ultrasonography identified multiple rounded hypoechoic subcapsular lesions in the left kidney. The bilateral uterine horn was enlarged, and contained echogenic fluid. Percutaneous ultrasonographic-guided aspiration of the renal subcapsular lesions was performed on the left kidney. Cytological examination revealed bacterial cocci, degenerated neutrophils, and suppurative inflammation. Bacterial culture produced growth of Escherchia coli. Left nephrectomy and ovariohysterectomy were performed. Dilated uterine fluid was also evaluated for bacterial culture, and showed growth of E. coli. Urine was examined by bacterial culture, and showed negative results. The treatment consisted of antibiotic therapy according to the antibiotic sensitivity test. Based on these findings, the diagnosis was renal subcapsular abscess associated with pyometra. This study suggests that pyometra should be considered as the cause of renal abscess.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.192-196
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• 2022

A two-year-old, intact male, 45 kg Doberman Pinscher was referred with dermal nodular lesions affecting the left hindlimb. The cytological examination revealed eosinophilic inflammation. Skin biopsy specimens showed canine eosinophilic granuloma (CEG). The dog was administered oral prednisolone (1.5 mg/kg/day) and azathioprine (2 mg/kg/day). After one week, the skin lesions diminished dramatically, but the dog presented with severe watery diarrhea. The prednisolone dose was reduced by 0.9 mg/kg/day. The lesions and diarrhea improved markedly after one week. Prednisolone was tapered by 25% of the previous dose every week to 0.2 mg/kg/day. Azathioprine was also reduced to therapy every other day. After seven weeks of combination treatment, the medications were withdrawn, but the dog had a recurrence one week later. Azathioprine (2 mg/kg/EOD) was reintroduced for two weeks. There was no relapse after all the medications had been withdrawn. This case indicates that CEG can be managed with prednisolone and azathioprine. Azathioprine may be an effective adjunctive immunosuppressive agent, and may be considered as a well-tolerated prednisolone sparing agent to treat CEG.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.62 no.2
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• pp.13.1-13.5
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• 2022

Cutaneous lymphoma is rare in cats. An 11-year-old spayed female Persian cat presented with crust, ulceration, and multiple nodules on the shoulder and forelimb for 2 months. Computed tomography revealed a diffuse, irregularly margined lesion in the dorsal cutis extending from cervical to thoracic vertebrae. Cytological evaluation predominantly revealed large round cells with multilobulated nuclei and basophilic cytoplasm. Histopathological examination confirmed round CD3+/PAX5-cells packed in the dermis. Thus, the diagnosis of non-epitheliotropic cutaneous lymphoma with a diffuse large T-cell type was made. The disease progressed rapidly for the next 2 weeks, and the owner elected humane euthanasia.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.169-176
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• 2009

Domestic bitches are non-seasonally monoestrus; spontaneously ovulate only once or twice occurs at anytime of the year. Estrus induction has been applied infrequent estrus, misleading ovulation, mating difficulties, failure to conceive after normal mating, pregnancy failure and biological research. Protocol of estrus induction which included variable hormones such as FSH, GnRH, and PMSG have been applied for the last decades. Recently, Bromocriptine, one of anti-prolatin/dopamine agonist has been occasionally applied for estrus induction. The study was carried out to investigate the effective method for the induction of estrus in bitches using different hormone treatments, and the initiation time of estrus from hormone treatment by assessments of cytological observation and blood plasma progesterone concentration. A total of 54 bitches on anestrus were selected for the study and divided randomly into 8 treatment groups as follow. Control, natural estrus; FSH (L), FSH (1.5 mg/kg, twice a day, $Falltrophin^{(R)}$, Vetrepharm); FSH (H), FSH (3.0 mg/kg, twice a day); GnRH+FSH, GnRH (5 ug/kg, once first day, $GNADON^{(R)}$, Dongbang)+FSH (3 mg/kg, SID); PMSG, PMSG (50 IU/kg, every third day $FOLLIGON^{(R)}$, Intevet); GnRH+PMSG, GnRH (5 ug/kg, only first day)+PMSG (50 IU/kg, every third day); GnRH, GnRH (5 ug/kg, only first day); Bromocriptine, bromocriptine (0.3 mg/kg, SID, $Parlodel^{(R)}$, Novartis). The bitches were evaluated clinical sign, cytological exam and $OVUCHECK^{(R)}$ Premate for assessment of estrus induction. Estrus induction rates were significantly (P<0.05) higher in GnRH+PMSG (100%) compared to others. PMSG and GnRH+PMGS (87.5 and 100%) and Bromocriptine (77.8%) were higher than others except GnRH+PMSG. Analysis of vaginal smear has proved to be effective a correct assessment of estrus induction with assay of progesterone concentration by $OVUCHECK^{(R)}$ Premate. Proestrus initiated by the $6^{th}$ after induction in most case. In conclusion, bromocriptine is an effective drug for estrus induction in bitches and assay of progesterone concentration by $OVUCHECK^{(R)}$ Premate with examination of vaginal smear that should be useful to detection of estrus induction of estrus induced bitches.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.406-413
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• 2019

This study was undertaken to investigate the distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) subtypes and cervical lesions in Busan. Furthermore, the cytological and histological findings of cervical lesions were compared to determine the usefulness of the currently released vaccines. HPV subtypes of 2,130 patients who visited Haeundae Paik Hospital between January 2013 and March 2016 were analyzed by the HPV 9G DNA chip. Liquid-based cytological examination was performed, and subtypes were classified according to the 2001 guidelines of The Bethesda System. Biopsy or hysterectomy specimens were subjected to hematoxylin and eosin staining for histological examinations. Of the total 2,130 cases, 1,254 (58.9%) were positive for HPV, and 876 (41.1%) were negative. Of these, 152 (7.1%), 97 (4.6%) and 80 (3.8%) were identified as HPV 16, 68 and 56, respectively. Of the 329 cases encompassing the above three HPV subtypes, histopathological analysis diagnosed 155 (47.1%) cases with CIN2 or higher grade. Notably, the occurrences of HPV subtypes 16, 68, 56, 58 and 51 were most frequently diagnosed in Busan. Further analysis revealed that administration of Gardasil^Ⓡ 9, the currently available vaccine in the market, exerts no protection against subtypes 68, 59 and 51. This study aims to provide an important reference for future HPV vaccination programs in Busan.