• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.327-339
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• 2014

This research includes the identification and cultivation of aerial algae from 33 sites located in Mt. Gwanggyo of Gyeonggi-do, Korea, from March 2011 to August 2012. The ecological factors of aerial algae were analyzed and a total of 29 taxa were identified in 4 phyla, 5 classes, 11 orders, 15 families, 19 genera, 28 species and 1 variety; 12 taxa of cyanophytes, 8 taxa of chrysophytes, and 9 taxa of chlorophytes were found. As for newly recorded cyanophytes of Korea, Komvophoron jovis, Microcoleus steenstrupii, and Nostoc edaphicum appeared. Komvophoron jovis, previously known to grow on rocks and boulders, appeared in soil. Microcoleus steenstrupii, reported to appear in desert soils, appeared on the wet surface of the soil after rain. Nostoc edaphicum, in symbiosis with fungi, appeared on tree bark as the lichen. Thus, there are a total of 99 reported taxa of Korean aerial algae, including 3 species that were discovered in this study.

• ALGAE
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.283-294
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• 2012

The physico-chemical and environmental factors of stoneworks were examined from March 2009 to October 2010, and aerial algae living on 24 stoneworks in Korea were identified. Fifty aerial algae were found in 24 stoneworks. Of the 50 taxa, 30 taxa were cyanophytes, 16 taxa were bacillariophytes, 3 taxa were chlorophytes, and 1 taxon was a xanthophyte. Nine species, including Aphanocapsa rivularis, which is known to only live in aquatic conditions, inhabited both aquatic and aerial environments. Synechococcus aeruginosus, Scytonema coactile var. thermalis, S. coactile var. minor, Stigonema ocellatum f. ocellatum, and Oscillatoria boryana were newly recorded in Korea. As a result of a correlation analysis between algae and the physico-chemical and ecological environmental factors, the taxa were divided into the bryophyte group, the humidity group, and the dry group. Although the bryophyte group was included within the humidity group, it was separated from the dry group. Taxa in the bryophyte group including Nostoc commune which was distributed in more humid areas than those in the humidity group. However, dry group taxa including Chroococcus pallidus were distributed in lower humidity than that of the two other groups. Correlations among other environmental factors were tested to identify other factors that could substitute for humidity and light intensity. As a result, tree distance, water distance, and plant coverage were replaceable environmental factors.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.895-899
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• 2015

The present study examined the phytoplankton communities of 4 regions, fresh water sites, estuary, Mankyeong and Dongjin lake and offshore regions, 4 times a year from 2011 to 2013. The number of species were 48-59 in 2011 (March, June, September, and November). From Mankyeong and Dongjin lake, fresh water species were dominated in June and coexisted with seawater species in September 2011. 45-65 species were observed in 2012 (April, June, September, and November) and diverse cyanophytes were present at the fresh water sites in September. The number of species reached up to 56-69 in 2013 (March, June, September, and November). In particular, owing to the diverse dinoflagellates from seawater and various cyanophytes and chlorophytes from fresh water, the maximum species number was recorded in June, 2013.

• ALGAE
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.257-268
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• 2008

Species composition, standing crop and dominant species of phytoplankton were investigated at 6 sites of Galgok stream and Incheon river which run into Gomso Bay, Jeollanam-do in April, August and November 2007. Total of 210 taxa were found which were classified as 6 classes, 12 orders, 25 families, 66 genera, 177 species, 27 varieties, 5 forms and 1 unidentified species. These river and stream had lower concentration of T-N and T-P compared to that of others; however, the site 2 of Galgok stream in summer was hypertrophic in T-P and also near hypertrophic in TN, and the site 1 in Incheon river during fall appeared to be hypertrophic in T-N, and the site 3 in summer showed near hypertrophic level in T-P. Determining the trophic status of the water quality based on chlorophyll a (chl-a), the site 3 of Galgok stream in spring and the site 3 of Incheon river in fall were oligotrophic; moreover, 6 sites including the site 2 and 3 of Galgok stream in summer were mesotrophic, and 9 sites including all sites of Galgok stream in fall turned out to be eutrophic. Particularly, the site 1 of Galgok stream in summer was hypertrophic, having 58.19 mg chl-a m$^{-3}$. There was a conspicuous difference between two values of standing crops based on chl-a and cell counting. This discrepancy may have occurred because of abundant cyanophytes and exclusion of picoplankton cells in cell counting. In the study, 5 cyanophytes, Synechocystis aquatilis, Microcystis aeruginosa, M. flos-aquae, Oscillatoria angustissima, O. limnetica and 2 diatoms, Thalassiosira bramaputrae and Navicula viridula var. rostellata were abundant. Based on the T-N, T-P values, standing crops and cell counting in Galgok stream and Incheon river were between mesotrophic and eutrophic conditions.

• ALGAE
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.63-69
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• 2008

The purpose of research was to find aerial algae and to investigate the change of color in each class of photosynthetic pigments in five stone cultural properties of Korea. It turned out to be a total of 29 taxa, including as 26 species, 1 variety and 2 unidentified species. Among them, Haplaosiphon fontinalis and Stigonema turfaceum were found to be newly recorded species of Korea. The average Chl-a concentration from the change of color in the stone cultural properties increased as its class; however, the class 5 showed lower values than the class 4, which was shown in previous studies. From the studies of algal distribution, chlorophytes appeared earlier than cyanophytes in stone cultural properties of algal infestation. Also, 50% or more of the five stone cultural properties already appeared to have bio-pollution.

• ALGAE
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.269-276
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• 2008

We have conducted the study of distribution and inhabitation of the aerial algae from five stone cultural properties located in Gyeonggi-do. A total of 21 taxa were identified, among which 8 taxa of cyanophytes, 12 taxa of cholorophytes and one diatom species. Protococcus viridis, Ulothrix zonata, Synechocystis aquatilis and Chroococcus varius occurred in 15, 9, 8 and 7 study sites, respectively. These coccoid types appeared more frequently than filamentous types. In this study, Chlorococcum infusionum, Cylindrocystis gracilis, Klebsormidium crenulatum, Klebsormidium dissectum and Klebsormidium flaccidium newly recorded from Korea. We found that 80% of stone cultural properties had aerial algae and their 58-84% were grouped into Class 5 based on chlorophyll-a concentration.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.36 no.2 s.103
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• pp.150-160
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• 2003

This study was carried out to assess inhibitory effects of light-blocking on water quality and phytoplankton community in Lake Juam from August to November 2000. The values of water temperature, DO, TN, $NO_3-N$, $NH_4-N$, TP, DIP, COD, SS and PH did not show clear differences between inside and outside light-blocked areas. Concentrations of Chl-a decreased -6.6${\sim}$40% (mean 14.7%) from inside of the light-blocked area by light blocking. During the study, 55 species of phytoplankton were indentified, and the dominant species were Microcystis aeruginosa, Aulacoseira granulata, Peridinium sp., Synedra spp., Oscillatoria sp., Fragilaria construens, and Trachelomonas sp. The successional pattern of dominant phytoplankton was diatoms (July)${\to}$ diatoms/cyanophytes (August-September)${\to}$cyanophytes (October)${\to}$ diatoms (October-November). The standing crop of phytoplankton showed maximum density in 22 September with $1.1{\times}10^4$cells/L, and minimum in 25 October with $4.7{\times}10^3$ cells/L. The decreasing efficiency of standing crop by light-blocking was 8${\sim}$38% (mean 19.9%). Through this study we found that blocking light seems to have a decreasing effect on the density of phytoplankton.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.3610-3614
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• 2010

Taxonomic compositions and species diversities of the planktonic micro algae communities were investigated 8 times during the period from May, 2006 to November, 2007 in Saemangeum water regions. Total of 191 taxa were observed; 94 diatoms, 31 chlorophytes, 24 dinoflagellates, 24 cyanophytes, 11 euglenophytes, 3 silicoflagellates, 1 cryptophyte and 3 unidentified microflagellates. During the period of this study, diversity indices of the community were changed spatio-temporally and fluctuated irregularly. It was surmised that artificial factors to the water condition such as open and lock of the dike stressed to the planktonic micro algal groups.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.113-128
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• 2011

The study analyzed the physico-chemical quality of water and the resident phytoplankton community, and evaluated the water trophic status in So-ok stream flowing into Daechung lake from October 2007 to July 2008. Algal blooming by cyanophytes and diatoms continued throughout the year, with Microcystis aeruginosa and Aulacoseira granulata being prevalent. Ten taxa that are indicators of polluted water, including Oscillatoria limosa appeared. Results based on (Trophic status index) TSI and (Lake trophic status index) LTSI evaluations of water quality status indicated mesotrophication.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.32-38
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• 2021

Cyanobium is a genus of picoprokaryotic cyanophytes, which includes species worldwide. The present study investigated the morphology, ultrastructure, and molecular phylogeny of the unrecorded genus Cyanobium Rippka & Cohen-Bazire 1983 and species Cyanobium gracile Rippka & Cohen-Bazire 1983. A C. gracile culture from a freshwater sample collected from the Adongji pond was established by single-cell isolation. Morphological data were analyzed using light and transmission electron microscopy. C. gracile lives as solitary cells without gelatinous envelopes and is ovate, oval, or shortly rod-shaped. Thylakoids are laid along the cell walls, with three thylakoid membranes parallel to each other. Nucleoplasm was observed in the center of the cell. Molecular phylogeny performed with data from 16S small subunit ribosomal DNA gene (SSU rDNA) sequences showed that the three strains of C. gracile, including the type strain (PCC6307) and a newly recorded strain (Adong101619), formed a distinct clade with a high supporting value (maximum-likelihood=100, pp=1.00). Based on morphology and molecular data, we report the newly recorded C. gracile in Korea.