• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.38
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• pp.297-329
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• 2015

Since 1989 about one million Jews from Former Soviet Union have immigrated to Israel. Now Russian speaking Jews are the second largest ethnic groups after the Israeli Jews who were born in Israel. Although FSU Jews have returned to their ethnic homeland, they continue to live as 'foreigners' due to a cultural distance between sending and receiving society, such as, lack of knowledge about Jewish tradition and religious practice and low level of Hebrew proficiency. Because of this reason FSU immigrants tend to continue remain strong ties with Russian language and culture. There are several reasons for such a relatively slow process of language shift of FSU Jewish immigrants, the language shift to Hebrew. Firstly, majority of FSU immigrants moved to Israel since the 1990s are older than 45. Secondly, their first residences in Israel are mostly located in small and mid-sized cities, where the proportion of Russian speaking immigrants is more than 30%. And finally they consider Russian culture is 'superior' to Israel's Levantine culture. For many Jewish diasporic communities, Judaism was a dominant factor for self-consciousness, but because of Soviet regime, aimed to break all the religious institution including Jewish, Soviet Jewry was uprooted from their religious traditions. Besides about 30% of FSU immigrants are not defined as Jews by the Jewish religious law(Halakhah). And many of them are reluctant to convert to Judaism. FSU Jewish immigrant agree that Israel must be a Jewish state, but for them 'Jewish' does not include religious elements. FSU immigrants consider that religious affiliation of citizens of Israel should not affect their civic rights.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.141-155
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to investigate the sole of local newspaper for community development in Korea. Specific objectives of the study were : 1) to identify the role of local newspaper in community development, 2) to analyze problems and situations on local newspapers in Korea, and 3) to suggest desirable roles of local newspaper for the community development. To attain the above objectives, this study was carried out through literature review, contest analysis of selected local newspapers, and the questionnaire survey of selected readers of local newspaper. The data were collected from 267 readers of local newspaper who participated in the farmers` training session in the Rural Development Administration, by using questionnaires developed by the researcher, and total of 263 questionnaires were analyzed. The statistical techniques used for the study were frequence, percentile, standard deviation utilizing the $SPSS/PC^+$. The major findings of the study were as follows : 1. The major roles of functions of local newspapers identified in this study were summarized as to reinforce the community consciousness, to form community opinion, to watch and to monitor community environment, to provide education and entertainment, and to contribute to the conveyance and promotion of community culture. 2. The general characteristic of local newspaper readers surveyed were; a) average distance from town to their village was 9.3 Km, b) average age was 29 years, c) about 75% of them were senior high school graduates, and d) about 96% of them participated in group activities. 3. About 45% of the respondents used television or radio for their moor sources of local news were TV or radio, while about 31% respondents used immunity newspaper for their moor sources of local news. About 67% of the respondents kept their readership over two years, and about 40% of them read community newspaper regularly at their home. 4. The results of content analysis showed drat the local newspapers were dealing with articles on cultural affairs, community consciousness, administrative and civic affairs, however, there were not enough educational news, and various kinds of general news in the community. 5. Survey also showed the most needed news were ; 1) political news including administrative and civic affairs, 2) economic news including sales and distribution, 3) social news including social problems on environmental pollution and community development works, 4) educational news including technology and information, 5) cultural news including guide to cultural and historical sites and local brief news. 6. In the evaluation of local newspaper, the readers were generally positive in valued roles of local newspaper in community relations, community development, promoting community cohesion and understanding of community members, and about 40% of the respondents were positive in predicting the bright future perspectives of local newspapers. 7. In the readers` evaluation of local newspaper, readers responded that local newspapers were very closely related to the community and residents, reflecting the current concerns of local population and recognizing the value of community media, and the contents of local newspaper were positively related to daily lives of community residents and opinions of overall community.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.18-28
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• 1992

A purpose of this study is to identify the concept formation and classify the diverse concepts which related to Kyoung(景) of Chio Nam-Sun at Korea under Japanese colonial rule (a turning point in the korean history). The cultural policy of th Japanese Government-General was aimed at the destruction of Korean nationalism and racial consciousness and the rapid Japanizatio of the Koreans. In the name of assimilation, Korean language instruction was first simply discouraged while the movement for the use of Japanese was stepped up, the use of the Japanese language was forced upon the Koreans, and textbook revision was carried out in order to develop Shinto nationalism and loyalty to the emperor and the state. The results were as follows; The type of landscape concept was 10 types and had the following frequencies in order; Pung-Kuoung(風景)(42), Kyoung-Chi(景致)(21), Koang-Kyoung(光景)(8), Kyoung-Sung(景勝)(7), Kyoung-Gae(景槪)(5), Kyoung-Goan(景觀)(2), Sung-Kyoung(勝景)(2), Kyoung(景)(2), Sil-Kyoung(實景)(1), Pung-Kyoung-Goan(風景觀)(1). Types of landscape concepts in critical periods were classified into 10 according to the many characteristics; personal situations, cultural policy and education policy of Japanese.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.867-876
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• 2015

This research studies socio-cultural hegemony change focused on male society through contemporary ideal masculine images of Asian men (especially Korean and Chinese men). Participants were: South Korean men in and around Seoul and Chinese men in Beijing and Shanghai. The youngest survey participants in their 20's and the oldest in their 40's were asked about their present men's appearance images and masculinity as well as asked to evaluate satisfaction with their own style, and interest in fashion trends on a 5-point Likert scale. In this research, an ideal masculinity was tested by 6 characters (traditional masculinity, macho masculinity, androgynous masculinity, adolescent masculinity, trendy masculinity, and general masculinity) as male avatars. Asian men's consciousness of an ideal masculinity image has moved gradually from traditional masculinity to trendy masculinity, leading to new roles in a socio-cultural agenda. Korean and Chinese men are more interested in appearance and notice fashionable styles to be trendy that follow the latest fashion because most other Asian men reflect a traditional masculinity as an ideal appearance image.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.56-69
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• 2007

As exchange and cooperation have increased in each country or region and a variety of NGOs are getting increasingly active in the 21st century, environments for the industry of international conventions have continued to improve. However, since the industry is in the starting stage, facilities for international conventions and professional management personnel are deficient. In this study, furniture design that shows the cultural identity of Korea from the invention facilities is focused and efforts are made in order to make the shape that has functionality and meaning based on the analysis of space. Participants of diverse nationalities, who use international convention facilities, feel Korea through furniture and remember its image; thus, this study focuses on the furniture design that has the identity of Korea. The concept of furniture design has been derived based on the traditional aesthetic consciousness in the symbolic, cultural, and emotional light. The identity of design does not depend on the partial characteristics of the traditional society but modernity and internationality shall coexist along with traditionality. Modernity and globalism are reflected along with the traditional elements in furniture.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.37-45
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• 2009

New city development policy caused many effects such as destruction of nature and area native culture extinction through fast development within short period. The architectural context is remains by post-modern most difficult problem had left to architects. We need to find the design method that communicate and contacts character of place, cultural context through the actual project. In this study, we propose the method of aspect of compose space and design elements to succeed the cultural place and context, desirable development through the design proposal for Dochon welfare center. In Dochon area, there is no original character of the place because of indiscreet development. Dochon synthesis society welfare facilities is openable to people by space that nature and human contacts and accomplishes relation, Made efforts to do so that can do part that causes human's ripple effect of contact with human and accomplishes traffic and recovers identity of Dochon area at the same time recovery of community consciousness.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.1229-1240
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to review such results of the scientific and technological development as women's changed status, sexual identity and their views of physique in the cyber space based on cyber feminists' theories, and thereby, examine the concept of space during the medieval age, and then, the fundamental spiritual concept involving the fetishism of women's body as sexual objects in the materialistic space of the digital age in terms of the consciousness of trend or supra-sensual perceptions, and thereby, review the effect of the cyber terrorism and violence on the fashion in sub-cultural terms. Some researchers distinguish psychedelic styles from cyberdelic ones to assume such psychiatric visions as psychedelic fashion characterized by resistance and delinquency-cyber punk fashion, cyber hippie fashion, cyborg fashion- and then, define them all as cyber resistant culture fashion or as a sub-cultural style of the cyber culture. As a result, it was found that human bodies are being encoded with the networks, various cyber characters or avatars are emerging, while human bodies are being distorted or exaggerated with human beings and machines being imploded.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.731-740
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• 2010

This study attempted to understand the value of traditional floral wall patterns reflecting the distinct aesthetic consciousness of Korean people and reinterpret the images of floral wall patterns in simplified forms. In addition, the study created new floral patterns to apply them to the design of neckties and scarves. In a methodological aspect, the computer design software programs Adobe Illustrator CS2 and Adobe Photoshop CS2 were used to make the traditional floral wall patterns motifs. Four basic motifs for a new formative image were set using graphical functions such as omitting, simplifying, overlapping, repeating, and/or reducing shapes based on floral wall patterns, and each motif was developed in two variations with different colors applied to them. Each of the set motifs was expressed in a repeated arrangement and in a modified pattern of 45 degrees. Necktie design with a floral wall pattern made use of the motifs developed through a variety of effects such as simplification, repetition, size variation, and gradation and the pattern modified at a $45^{\circ}$ for application. Scarf design employed and applied the existing motifs in an appropriate manner for design purposes and reconstructed and expressed them through such effects as repetition, rotation, compositional variation and gradation.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.24
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• pp.32-45
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• 2011

This paper addresses some issues on the Northern Nigerian traditional garments and caps. We observed that most of the Northern Nigerian garments and caps, particularly those of the Kanuri people, have their origin in the culture and traditions of the people. In very significant ways, the garments and the caps depict the belief systems, political metaphysics, and the general consciousness of the people including their creative impulses. But as more and more people move from rural areas to the cities, travel abroad and as more and more cultures intermingle, inevitable changes catch up with the culture and tradition of the people. We observed that it is hard to find in the Northern Nigeria scene, particularly among the Kanuri people, clothes that have assumed new nomenclature other than garments and caps. We realized that, the culture and tradition of the Kanuri people wearing longer, voluminous and roomy garments preferably with cap have witnessed changes due to the blend with foreign culture. This and many other issues are discussed in this paper. The purpose of this research is to show that inspite of the Kanuri people's strong adherence to their beliefs and culture which hardly encourage any changes, the use of their traditional garments and caps have exhibited the flexibility of their beliefs, culture and traditions. The use of the garments and caps discussed in this paper are those observed among the Kanuri people of Northern Nigeria.

• English & American cultural studies
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.127-157
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• 2014

Among many literary isms, impressionism is often regarded as the most frank expression of personality. As a masterpiece of modernism, Ford Madox Ford's The Good Soldier is a celebration of the subjectivity which reflects the writer's experiential reality. For Madox Ford, art is not to achieve the true objectivity of human society, but to seize the momentary perception in personal life. As the beginning of modernism, Madox Ford's impressionaism was mostly devoted to give fictive life to subjective impressions. And his heroes are usually the egoless person who can absorb the intense rapidity of consciousness without any prejudice. However, the innocent mind's receptions of myriad impressions, like those of the protagonist John Dowell or his idealized version of Major Ashburnham in The Good Solidier, were described as the enjoyable yet deceptive ones in Madox Ford's works. To engrave more sold perceptive impressions into life, Madox Ford often contrasts or mixes truth with deception, life with death as he did in his real life. Speicially as the result of thick application of real-life subject matters to his writings, Madox Ford's literary works get more vivid colors and penetrating forms. Thus, his literary impressionism based upon his harsh and passionate realities overcomes the limitations of shifting moments of senses, demolishing the boundaries between what is objective and what is subjective, like post-impressionism or expressionism. Namely, as Walter Lowenfels said, Madox Ford did not follow the impossible objectivity passively, yet instead "knew how to invent the truth."