• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.379-389
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• 2024

Purpose and Method: Crowed Events can lead to sudden accidents caused by unpredictable variables. Therefore, focusing on the '10.29 Itaewon accident' among the representative cases, we examined the accident as the process of occurrence. In addition, improvement measures were suggested through analysis of related legal systems. Result: In the Itaewon accident, a "colony wave phenomenon" occurred due to "ultra-high-density cluster stay". In addition, cluster destruction occurred from a weak location in the cluster due to clusters and pressures in different directions to avoid this. Looking at the laws related to the safety management of Crowed Events, the laws and regulations differ depending on the location and type. Due to the complementary nature of the approach to the legal blind spot, the legal system that uses similar terms of the same concept and is not systematic is causing uncertainty in the application and interpretation of the law. Conclusion: Crowd control and on-site management should be carried out for events when the cluster density is expected to reach 8 people/m² or reached. Consistency should be maintained through the unified application of legislation to related legislation.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.229-247
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• 2020

In the remarkable growth of P2P financial platform in the field of knowledge management, only companies with big data and machine learning technologies are surviving in fierce competition. The ability to analyze borrowers' credit is most important, and platform companies are also recognizing this capability as the most important business asset, so they are building a credit evaluation system based on artificial intelligence. Nonetheless, online P2P platform providers that offer related services only act as intermediaries to apply for investors and borrowers, and all the risks associated with the investments are attributable to investors. For investors, the only way to verify the safety of investment products depends on the reputation of P2P companies from newspaper and online website. Time series information such as delinquency rate is not enough to evaluate the early stage of Korean P2P makers' credit analysis capability. This study examines the credit analysis procedure of P2P loan platform using artificial intelligence through the case analysis method for well known the top three companies that are focusing on the credit lending market and the kinds of information data to use. Through this, we will improve the understanding of credit analysis techniques through artificial intelligence, and try to examine limitations of credit analysis methods through artificial intelligence.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.158-170
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• 2012

Citizens'income has been increased along with the trend of rapid changes in society, and the quality of their lives has been improved as well. As much as the degree of increase of quality of life, the number of spectators for performing art events, etc. who desire to fulfill their needs for enjoyment of varied cultural performances have been increasing, and also a large number of spectators enjoys a variety of festivals being held in each provincial area as well as international events: we still remember such frantic rooting shown by citizens during 2002 World Cup drawing attention and interest of entire nation. There are always risks of loss of human lives if accidents occur as there sult of close-packed crowd gathered at the same time. Therefore, it is required to prepare adequate security measures in order to prevent various accidents before hand. It is hoped that this research work would be of help for further efficient and systematic security management for the performing arts centers or public theaters encouraging the event organizer and the private security firm and the Korea Private Security Association to exert great effort and investments in further projects for development of security technology. Also, it is required to build a performance culture to consider audience's safety first from the beginning to the end of the event on the basis of efficient security management. Furthermore, spect at or sare required to recognize the fact that safety in the site for performing arts should be guaranteed for everyone's sake, and, to achieve this, they are obliged to be more cooperative with the event organizer and the private security firm, forming a trinity all together, in order not to have safety threatening situations in the site of performing arts events.

• Journal of Convergence Society for SMB
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.1-7
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• 2015

Recently, finance technology related to Fin-Tech has emerged while national and international financial incidents have increased. Security technologies that are currently operated in the financial institutions, have been reported to be vulnerable to security attacks. In this paper, we propose a method of response and plan of security incident using Fin-Tech technology in the divers authentication methods and the usage of biometrics. Proposed method provides a convenient banking services to the users by integrating IT technology, such as personal asset management, crowdfunding to finance technology. Also, the proposed method may provide the security with ease by applying the security technologies such as PCI-DSS, tokenization technique, FDS, the block chain. Proposed method analyzes a number of security cases in relation to the Fin-Tech, financial technologies, for a response.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.135-140
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• 2011

Currently, studies have show that the network related energy consumption are increasing. and part of overall energy consumption of our society are too. So, that is important to look for energy-efficient network applications and protocols. A most of network energy consumption are due to network edge devices. in this paper, in order to cut down the emissions of carbon dioxide from ICT business, which contributes 2% of the global energy consumption, it is necessary to understand energy consumption in peer-to-peer system. In this paper, in this paper we propose a architecture based on the introduction of a p2p proxy. The model is analyzed analytically and numerically to reveal how these factors influence the overall power consumption in both steady state and flash crowd information exchange scenarios. Specifically, our results show that the proxy-based solution can provide up to 50% reduction in the energy consumption and, at the same time, a significant reduction in the average file download time.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.56-67
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• 2020

Over the years, cultural mapping methods have been used in several applications and contexts, for diverse cultural assets and to create new conditions for the development of local and regional resources. These methods were inspired by the development of big urban centres and regions, which have been the great engine of cultural mapping growth. The main objectives of the present paper are to provide a literature review on cultural mapping methodologies and to develop exploratory research on crowdsource tools on creative tourism which were applied to one Portuguese municipality in 2017. The research was supported by the implementation and integration of geographic information systems (GIS) and web mapping, which will become part of the solution for the growth of less developed territories and to make more interactive tourist activities. Web mapping's contribution to enhance crowd participation was measured via analysis of 12 digital photos shared through crowdsourcing. The originality of this research lies in the attempt to develop a new model for creative tourism, trying to extend the implementation of Web Mapping crowdsourcing to deprived low density territories. Results show how public participation can be amplified for the tourism market by crowdsourcing tools. These tools look very promising since they can help several members of the public at different ages to contribute to territorial knowledge, engage in activities, and collaborate through digital tools. It is a step to fulfil the lack of studies in this subject and it contributes to the way we think about future studies.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.4 no.10
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• pp.473-478
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• 2015

Recently, automatic video monitoring of individual pigs is emerging as an important issue in the management of group-housed pigs. Although a rich variety of studies have been reported on video monitoring techniques in intensive pig farming, it still requires further elaboration. In particular, when there exist adjoining pigs in a crowd pig room, it is necessary to have a way of separating adjoining pigs from the perspective of an image processing technique. In this paper, we propose an efficient image segmentation solution using both spatio-temporal information and region growing method for the identification of individual pigs in video surveillance systems. The experimental results with the videos obtained from a pig farm located in Sejong illustrated the efficiency of the proposed method.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.45-56
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of the number of investors influencing the achievement rate of domestic securities type crowdfunding, to find out why the general investors need to participate and to suggest measures to increase the participation of general investors. The results of this study are as follows. First, the effect of the recruitment amount, the target amount, the recruitment period and the business training is confirmed as factors affecting the achievement rate of domestic securities type crowdfunding. And it was confirmed that the influence factors on achievement rate could have a greater effect as the number of general investors increased. Therefore, the government should make more effort to relax regulations on general investors, and the investor of capital should strengthen the public disclosure of KSM through the KSM market in order to recover the funds of general investors, Crowd funding will be able to attract enough funds.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.12
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• pp.205-211
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• 2022

Performing the rituals of Hajj and Umrah is an obligation of Allah Almighty to all Muslims from all over the world. Millions of Muslims visit the holy mosques in Makkah every year to perform Hajj and Umrah. One of the most important pillars in Performing Hajj/Umrah is Tawaf and Sa'ay. Tawaf finished by seven rounds around the holy house (Al-Kabaa) and Sa'ay is also seven runs between As-Safa and Al-Marwa. Counting/knowing the number of runs during Tawaf/Sa'ay is one of the difficulties that many pilgrims face. The pilgrim's confusing for counting (Tawaf/Sa'ay) rounds finished at a specific time leads pilgrims to stay more time in Mataff bowl or Masa'a run causing stampedes and more crowded as well as losing the desired time for prayers to get closer to Almighty Allah in this holy place. These issues can be solved using effective crowd management systems for Tawaf/Sa'ay pillars, which is the topic of this research paper. While smart devices and their applications are gaining popularity in helping pilgrims for performing Hajj/Umrah activities efficiently, little has been dedicated for solving these issues. We present an autonomous Mobile-based framework for guiding pilgrims during Tawaf/Sa'ay pillars with the aid of GPS for points tracking and rounds counting. This framework is specially designed to prevent and manage stampedes during Tawaf/Sa'ay pillars, by helping pilgrims automatically counting the rounds during Tawaf/Sa'ay with supported Supplications (in written/audio form with different languages) from the Quran and Sunna'a.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.75-99
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• 2012

Innovation can come from inside or outside organizations. Recently, organizations have begun turning to external knowledge more often, through various forms of collective intelligence (CI) as collaborative platform to solve complex problems. Several factors facilitate this CI utilization phenomenon. First, with the rapid development of Internet and social media, numerous web applications have become available to millions of the Internet users over the past few decades. Web 2.0 and social media have become innovative web applications that provide an environment for human social interaction and collaboration. Second, the diffusion of simple and easy-to-use technologies that enable users to interact and design web applications without programming skills have led to vast, previously unknown amounts of user-generated content. Finally, the Internet has enabled communities to connect and collaborate, creating a virtual world of CI. In this study, web enabled CI is defined as a composed ability of individuals who are acting as a single cognitive unit to achieve common goals, think reasonably, solve problems, make decisions, carry out complex tasks, and develop creative ideas collectively through participation and collaboration on the web. Although CI plays a critical role in organizational innovation and collaboration, the dubious quality of CI is still problem that is difficult to solve. In general, the quality level of content collected from the crowd is lower than that from professionals. Thus, it is important to identify determinants of CI quality and to analyze the relationship between CI quality and its usefulness. However, there is a lack of empirical study on the quality factors of web-enabled CI. There exist a variety of web enabled CI sites such as Threadless, iStockphoto or InnoCentive, Wikipedia, and Youtube. One of the most successful forms of web-enabled CI is the Wikipedia online encyclopedia, accessible all over the world. Another one example is Naver KnowledgeiN, a typical and popular CI site offering question and answer (Q&A) services. It is necessary to study whether or not different types of CI have a different effect on CI quality and its usefulness. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to answer to following research questions: ${\bullet}$ What determinants are important to CI quality? ${\bullet}$ What is the relationship between CI quality factors and the usefulness of web-enabled CI? ${\bullet}$ Does CI type have a moderating effect on the relationship between CI quality, its determinants, and CI usefulness? Online survey using Google Docs with email and Kakao Talk was conducted for collecting data from Wikipedia and Naver KnowledgeiN users. A totoal of 490 valid responses were collected, where users of Wikipedia were 220 while users of Naver KnowledgeiN were 270. Expertise of contributors, community size, and diversity of contributors were identified as core determinants of perceived CI quality. Perceived CI quality has significantly influenced perceived CI usefulness from a user's perspective. For improving CI quality, it is believed that organizations should ensure proper crowd size, facilitate CI contributors' diversity and attract as many expert contributors as possible. Hypotheses that CI type plays a role of moderator were partially supported. First, the relationship between expertise of contributors and perceived CI quality was different according to CI type. The expertise of contributors played a more important role in CI quality in the case of Q&A services such as Knowledge iN compared to wiki services such as Wikipedia. This implies that Q&A service requires more expertise and experiences in particular areas rather than the case of Wiki service to improve service quality. Second, the relationship between community size and perceived CI quality was different according to CI type. The community size has a greater effect on CI quality in case of Wiki service than that of Q&A service. The number of contributors in Wikipeda is important because Wiki is an encyclopedia service which is edited and revised repeatedly from many contributors while the answer given in Naver Knowledge iN can not be corrected by others. Finally, CI quality has a greater effect on its usefulness in case of Wiki service rather than Q&A service. In this paper, we suggested implications for practitioners and theorists. Organizations offering services based on collective intelligence try to improve expertise of contributeros, to increase the number of contributors, and to facilitate participation of various contributors.