• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.7-11
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• 2022

We are conducting research and development of magnetic filters for magnetic separation targeting paramagnetic materials. In order to develop a new magnetic filter with a large magnetic gradient, stainless fiber (SUS430, 120 mm × 3 mm) with a triangular cross section was sintered with a high void ratio (~ 70%) and the magnetic filter (20 mm × 2 mm) was created. When this magnetic filter was used to perform magnetic separation of hematite (particle size 50 ㎛) under a maximum magnetic flux density of 1.49 T, high separation rates were obtained.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.599-615
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• 2022

In the present paper, the numerical dynamic analysis of a functionally graded nano-scale nonuniform tube was investigated according to the high-order beam theory coupled with the nonlocal gradient strain theory. The supposed cross-section is changed along the pipe length, and the material distribution, which combines both metal and ceramics, is smoothly changed in the pipe length direction, which is called axially functionally graded (AFG) pipe. Moreover, the porosity voids are dispersed in the cross-section and the radial pattern that the existence of both material distribution along the tube length and porosity voids make a two-dimensional functionally graded (2D-FG) truncated conical pipe. On the basis of the Hamilton principle, the governing equations and the associated boundary conditions equations are derived, and then a numerical approach is applied to solve the obtained equations.

• 천문학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.543-546
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• 2004

The inverse Compton scattering of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation with electrons in the intracluster medium which has a temperature gradient, was examined by the third-order perturbation theory of the Compton scattering. A new type of the spectrum distortion of the CMB was found and named as gradient T Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect (gradT SZE). The spectrum has an universal shape. There is a zero distortion point, the cross over frequency, at 326GHz. When the hotter region locates closer to an observer, the intensity becomes brighter than the CMB in the frequency region lower than the cross over frequency and fainter than the CMB in the frequency region higher than the cross over frequency. When the cooler region locates closer to an observer, the distorted part of the spectrum has an opposite sign to the above case. The amplitude of the spectrum distortion does not de-pend on the electron density and depends on the heat conductivity and the total temperature variation along a line of sight. Therefore, the gradT SZE provides an unique opportunity to measure thermally nonequilibrium electron momentum distribution function in the ICM and combined with the X-ray measurements of the electron temperature distribution provides an opportunity of direct measurement of the heat conductivity in the ICM.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제3권6호
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• pp.375-388
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• 2006

Poor strength test results are sometimes not an indication of low concrete quality, but rather inferior testing quality. In a compression test, the strain distribution over the ends of the specimen is a critical factor for the test results. Non-uniform straining of a concrete specimen leads to locally different compressive stresses on the cross-section, and eventual premature breaking of the specimen. Its effect on a specimen can be quantified by comparing the compressive strength results of two specimens, one subjected to uniform strain and another to a specified strain gradient. This can be done with the help of a function that relates two parameters, the strain ratio and the test efficiency. Such a function depends on the concrete strength and cross-sectional shape of the specimen. In this study, theoretical relationships between the strain ratio and test efficiency are developed using a concrete stress-strain model. The results show that for the same strain ratio, the test efficiency is larger for normal strength concrete than for high strength concrete. Further, the effect of the strain gradient on the test result depends on the cross-sectional shape of the specimen. Implementation of the results is demonstrated with the aid of two examples.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.101-107
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• 2002

이 논문에서는 자기공명심장영상에서 내벽과 외벽의 추출을 위한 반자동 분할 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 이 알고리즘은 Generalized gradient vector flow snake와 초기 윤곽선 예측 과정을 기반으로 한다. 특히 이 알고리즘은 내벽과 외벽의 공간적인 특설을 이용하며 Cross profile correlation matching (CPCM)을 사용한다. 현재 공간에서의 이전 시간에 관계된 영상과 현재 시간에서의 공간에 관계된 영상을 사용하여 초기 윤곽선 예측을 더욱 효과적으로 수행하였다. Multislice와 multiphase의 Siemens와 GE. Medinus 자기공명심장영상을 사용하여 실험하였고 많은 영상들에 대해 충분히 만족할만한 결과를 얻었다. 그리고 분할한 결과로 quantitative analysis를 수행하였고 시각적으로 보여주었다. 개발된 소프트웨어는 Visual C++을 사용하여 windows 환경의 응용프로그램으로 개발되었다.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2020

In this paper, for the first time based on the nonlocal strain gradient theory the effect of size dependency in torsional vibration of bi-direction functionally graded (FG) nonlinear nano-cone is study. The material properties were assumed to vary according to the arbitrary function in radial and axial directions. The Navier equation and boundary conditions of the size-dependent bidirectional FG nonlinear nano-cone were derived by Hamilton's principle. These equations were solved by employing the generalized differential quadrature method (GDQM). The presented model can turn into the classical model if the material length scale parameters are taken to be zero. The effects of some parameters, such as inhomogeneity constant, cross-sectional area parameter and small-scale parameters, were studied. As an essential result of this study can be stated that an FG nano-cone model based on the nonlocal elasticity theory behaves softer and based on the strain gradient theory behaves harder.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.401-406
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• 2011

This paper presents a fast block-matching algorithm based on the normalized cross-correlation, where the elimination order is determined based on the gradient magnitudes of subblocks in the current macroblock. Multilevel Cauchy-Schwartz inequality is derived to skip unnecessary block-matching calculations in the proposed algorithm. Also, additional complexity reduction is achieved re-using the normalized cross correlation values for the spatially neighboring macroblock because the search areas of adjacent macroblocks are overlapped. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can improve the speed-up ratio up to about 3 times in comparison with the existing algorithm.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제33권7호
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• pp.527-534
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• 2009

Flame stabilization characteristics were experimentally investigated in a fuel-air cross flowing mixing layer. A combustor consists of a narrow channel of air steam and a cross flowing fuel. Depending on the flow rates of methane and air, flame can be stabilized in two modes. First is an attached flame which is formulated at the backward step where the methane and air streams meet. Second is a lifted-flame which is formulated within the mixing layer far down steam from backward step. The heights and flame widths of the lifted flames were measured. Flame shapes of the lifted flames were similar to an ordinary edge flame or a tribrachial flame, and their behavior could be explained with the theories of an edge flame. With the increase of the mixing time between fuel and air, the fuel concentration gradient decreases and the flame propagation velocity increases. Thus the flame is stabilized where the flow velocity is matched to the flame propagation velocity in spite of a significant disturbance in the fuel mixing and heat loss within the channel. This study provides many experimental results for a higher fuel concentration gradient, and it can also be helpful for the development and application of a smaller combustor.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제8권11호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2008

현재 멀티미디어 기술의 발달로 인하여 영상의 전처리 및 후처리 과정을 이용한 수정 작업으로 고품질의 영상 표현 및 다양한 영상 처리가 가능하다. 영상 처리 기법 중에서 이방성 확산의 경우 영상의 스페클 노이즈 제거, 에지 검출, 영상 분할 등에 응용할 수 있는 효과적인 확산 필터링으로 활용되고 있다. 하지만 전통적인 이방성 확산은 십자형 커널을 기반으로 하고 있기 때문에 확산 필터링을 반복 적용하면 영상의 에지가 수평 및 수직 방향으로 집중되는 문제점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 십자형 커널 기반의 이방성 확산 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 기울기의 방향성에 기반한 새로운 이방성 확산 방식을 제안한다. 제안된 방식은 십자형 커널을 확장하여 대각선 방향 정보를 포함한 8방향의 정방형 커널을 기반으로 작은 기울기를 갖는 방향으로 이방성 확산을 적용한다. 제안된 방식의 실험 결과 에지가 수평 및 수직 방향으로 집중되는 문제점을 해결하면서 임펄스성 노이즈를 제거하여 고품질의 영상을 획득할 수 있었다.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방재학회 2008년도 정기총회 및 학술발표대회
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• pp.79-82
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• 2008

모멘트 하중을 받는 I형 보의 탄성좌굴강도는 하중의 종류, 하중의 단면 내 작용위치, 그리고 구속조건 등과 같은 인자들에 의해 영향을 받는다. 대부분의 시방기준에서는 균일한 모멘트 조건에 대한 좌굴강도를 사용하고 있으며 비균일한 모멘트 효과를 고려하기 위하여 모멘트 구배 수정계수를 적용하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 SSRC 지침서의 방법을 일축대칭 I형 보에 적용할 수 있도록 개선된 모멘트 구배 수정계수를 제안하였다. 단면 내 임의의 높이에 작용하는 연직방향 하중에 대한 일축대칭 I형 보의 유한요소 좌굴해석을 실시하였으며 연직방향 하중은 지간 중앙에 작용하는 집중하중과 등분포 하중을 고려하였다.