• 대한융합한의학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.5-15
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• 2021

Objectives: To review the concept of Moebius syndrome. Methods: Literature search was done to study definition, epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical feature, and treatment of Moebius syndrome. Pubmed, RISS, Google scholarship and uptodate scholastic were used in the research. Search words were 'Moebius syndrome', 'treatment of Moebius syndrome'. Only English and Korean studies were assessed. Results: Moebius syndrome is rare disease characterized by nonprogressive congenital uni- or bi-lateral facial (VII cranial nerve) and abducens (VI cranial nerve) palsy. This facial palsy is found across the world, and its incidence is approximately 1 per 250,000. Moebius is diagnosed by clinical features. Facial palsy, eye abduction problem, limb deformities, global cerebral nerve impairment can be shown. Rehabilitation, smile surgery, and acupuncture can be used to treat this. Conclusion: Moebius syndrome's epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment is still not fully revealed. It is known to be a congenital disease which didn't have exact treatment except surgery. But, it needs further study about exact treatment, diagnosis, and pathogenesis.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.181-184
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• 2010

A case of idiopathic hypertrophic cranial pachymeningitis (IHCP) misdiagnosed as an acute subdural hematoma is reported. A 37-year-old male patient presented with headache following head trauma 2 weeks earlier. Computerized tomography showed a diffuse high-density lesion along the left tentorium and falx cerebri. Initial chest X-rays revealed a small mass in the right upper lobe with right lower pleural thickening, which suggested lung cancer, such as an adenoma or mediastinal metastasis. During conservative treatment under the diagnosis of a subdural hematoma, left cranial nerve palsies were developed (3rd and 6th), followed by scleritis and uveitis involving both eyes. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an unusual tentorium-falx enhancement on gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted images. Non-specific chronic inflammation of the pachymeninges was noticed on histopathologic examination following an open biopsy. Systemic steroid treatment was initiated, resulting in dramatic improvement of symptoms. A follow-up brain MRI showed total resolution of the lesion 2 months after steroid treatment. IHCP should be included in the differential diagnosis of subtentorial-enhancing lesions.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.80-83
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• 2009

Purpose: Isolated hypoglossal nerve palsy is a rare manifestation of various underlying disease. This article presents a rare complication of general anesthesia associated with an surgical procedure on a case of zygomatic fracture. Methods: An 18-year-old female patient was referred to our department by painful swelling on her left zygomatic area after the traffic accident. Left zygomatic complex fracture was identified on the simple x-ray and facial bone CT scan, and the fracture was treated with open reduction and internal fixation under general anesthesia. On the first postoperative day, she complained of difficulty in swallowing solid food, dysarthria and deviated tongue to her right side. There was no abnormal findings on the neurological examination, brain MRI and routine chemistry. She was diagnosed with transient hypoglossal nerve palsy and dexamethasone with multi-vitamins was administrated intravenously for 5 days. Results: The symptoms were completely resolved by the ninth postoperative day and the patient was discharged without any other complications. Conclusion: The hypoglossal(cranial nerve XII)nerve supplies motor innervation to all of the ipsilateral extrinsic and intrinsic tongue muscles. The hypoglossal nerve damage may caused by the compression between the airway and the hyoid bone during the endotracheal intubation, and direct trauma due to excessive pressure or neck extension. We described a rare case of unintended injury to hypoglossal nerve and care must be taken not to cause the hypoglossal nerve damage especially in facial plastic surgery with excessive neck extension under general anesthesia.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.70-72
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• 2005

Primary spinal cord lymphomas are rare, and are either extra-/intradural masses with leptomeningeal infiltration or intramedullary in nature. The authors present a patient with a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma involving the sacral nerve root, extension to extradural space, and the cranial nerve.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.71-73
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• 2013

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.152-156
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• 2021

Diplopia is a rare complication of spine surgery. The abducens nerve is one of the cranial nerves most commonly related to diplopia caused by traction injury. We report a case of a 71-year-old woman who presented with diplopia developing from abducens nerve palsy after C1-C2 fixation and fusion due to atlantoaxial subluxation with cord compression. As soon as we discovered the symptoms, we suspected excessive traction by the instrument and subsequently performed reoperation. Subsequently, the patient's symptoms improved. In other reported cases we reviewed, most were transient. However, we thought that our rapid response also helped the patient's fast recovery in this case. The mechanisms by which postoperative diplopia develops vary and, thus, remain unclear. We should pay attention to the fact that the condition is sometimes an indicator of an underlying, life-threatening condition. Therefore, all patients with postoperative diplopia should undergo thorough ophthalmological and neurological evaluations as well as careful observation by a multidisciplinary team.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.277-280
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• 2009

Posterior cranial fossa subdural hematomas and extension of the subdural hematoma to the cerebellopontine angle is rarely seen and the concurrent development of acute peripheral facial palsy and the management strategy have not previously been reported in this pathology because of its rarity. We present this case to emphasize that minor head trauma may lead to a posterior cranial fossa hematoma extending to the cerebellopontine angle and cause peripheral facial palsy in patients using aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). In addition, partial evacuation and waiting for the resorption of the hematoma may help to prevent damage to the 7th and 8th cranial nerves.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.207-210
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• 2002

Schwannoma is a relatively rare benign tumor which may occur from nerve sheath of the peripheral, sympathetic and cranial nerves and so on except optic and olfactory nerves which have no nerve sheath themselves. Although it occur most frequently in the head and neck region especially in the acoustic nerve, the schwannoma originated from the motor nerves including hypoglossal nerve is very rare. Recently, we have experienced a case of schwannoma originated from hypoglossal nerve in a 47-year-old female. We report this case with literature review.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.384-393
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• 2012

The trigeminal nerve, one of the cranial nerves, innervates the maxillofacial area and has three branches: the ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular nerves. Paresthesia, due to damages to the inferior alveolar nerve and mental nerve (branches of the mandibular nerve), is quite frequent in dental implants and third molar extractions. As medical disputes are increasing, it is necessary to formulate an objective and reasonable disability evaluation. When evaluating the frequent rate of impairment for inferior alveolar nerve damage, it may be reasonable to follow the criteria for the rate of maxillofacial impairment of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (AAOMS) - the most scientific and reputable criteria based on the American Medical Association (AMA). Therefore, the Committee of Guides for Maxillofacial Impairment Ratings, in the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (KAOMS), is trying to suggest more reasonable and realistic guidelines for evaluating impairments by reviewing the current evaluation criteria and those of AMA and AAOMS.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제12궈1호
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• pp.201-207
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• 2001

Oculomotor nerve is the third cranial nerve, controlls four of the six extraocular muscles(superior rectus muscle, medial rectus muscle, inferior rectus muscle and inferior oblique muscle), levator palpebrae superioris muscle, cilliary muscle and muscle sphincter pupillae. In the oculomotor nerve palsy, limited oculogyration, diplopia, blepharoptosis, accomodation paralysis and mydriasis can be occured. We experienced an improved case of the oculomotor nerve palsy patient treated with oriental medicine for 25days. We used herbal medicine and acupuncture. Based on this experience, it is considered that oriental medicine can be applied to the treatment of the oculomotor nerve palsy.