• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.359-366
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 자기 치유 콘크리트의 주요 손상인 균열을 측정하고 이를 DB화 하기 위한 이미지 처리 기법 기반의 균열 모니터링 자동화 시스템 개발의 일환으로 균열 촬영 장비를 제작하고 균열 검출 및 분석이 가능한 프로그램을 개발하였다. 본 시스템은 기존의 육안으로 균열을 점검하는 외관조사를 대체하여 객관적이고 정량적인 데이터를 제공한다. 개발 시스템의 검증은 가상균열을 이용한 실내시험을 통해 균열 검출 알고리즘을 검증하였으며 자기치유 보수 모르타르 시공 현장에 적용하여 균열 검출 및 균열폭의 변화량을 모니터링하였다. 이미지 분석을 통해 검출된 균열폭의 경우 실측 균열폭과의 차이가 최대 0.0334mm로 나타났으며, 현장적용 결과 0.1mm 이하의 미세 균열 검출까지 가능하였으며 자기치유 보수 모르타르의 시간 경과에 따른 균열치유 효과를 균열폭 감소를 통해 확인할 수 있었다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권11호
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• pp.2638-2651
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• 2020

Nozzle corner cracks present at the intersection of reactor pressure vessels (RPVs) and inlet or outlet nozzles have been a persistent problem for a number of years. The fracture analysis of such nozzle corner cracks is very important and critical for the efficient design and assessment of the structural integrity of RPVs. This paper aims to perform an engineering critical assessment of RPVs with nozzle corner cracks subjected to several transients accompanied by pressurized thermal shocks. The critical crack size of the RPV model with nozzle corner cracks under transient loading is evaluated on failure assessment curve. In particular, the influence of cladding on the crack initiation of nozzle corner crack under thermal transients is studied. The influence of primary internal pressure and secondary thermal stress on the stress field at nozzle corner and SIF at crack front is analyzed. Finally, the influence of different crack size and crack shape on the final critical crack size is analyzed.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.191-199
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• 2000

Since a few decade ago, there has been a demand on the safety monitoring of civil infrastructures, such as bridges, in order to prevent possibly occurrable disaster due to human negligence. The main cause for a failure or collapse of structures is absolutely a structural crack. For the reason, it is necessary to monitor the propagation of a structural crack. But a crack in bridges is gradually propagating with the traffic loads through the long term. There are lots of sensors to monitor structural cracks on bridges, but much information about them was not given so far. Therefore, in this study, the experimental comparison for long-term monitoring sensors, especially, strain measurement sensors, in terms of duration, temperature dependency, accuracy was made extensively.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.1543-1567
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• 2015

In this study, a wireless crack sensor is developed for monitoring cracks propagating in two dimensions. This sensor is developed by incorporating a laser-based optical navigation sensor board (ADNS-9500) into a smart wireless platform (Imote2). To measure crack propagation, the Imote2 sends a signal to the ADNS-9500 to collect a sequence of images reflected from the concrete surface. These acquired images can be processed in the ADNS-9500 directly (the navigation mode) or sent to Imote2 for processing (the frame capture mode). The computed crack displacement can then be transmitted wirelessly to a base station. The design and the construction of this sensor are reported herein followed by some calibration tests on one prototype sensor. Test results show that the sensor can provide sub-millimeter accuracy under sinusoidal and step movement. Also, the two modes of operation offer complementary performance as the navigation mode is more accurate in tracking large amplitude and fast crack movement while the frame capture mode is more accurate for small and slow crack movement. These results illustrate the feasibility of developing such a crack sensor as well as point out directions of further research before its actual implementation.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.317-328
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• 2009

Current maintenance operations and integrity checks on a wide array of structures require personnel entry into normally-inaccessible or hazardous areas to perform necessary nondestructive inspections. To gain access for these inspections, structure must be disassembled and removed or personnel must be transported to remote locations. The use of in-situ sensors, coupled with remote interrogation, can be employed to overcome a myriad of inspection impediments stemming from accessibility limitations, complex geometries, the location and depth of hidden damage, and the isolated location of the structure. Furthermore, prevention of unexpected flaw growth and structural failure could be improved if on-board health monitoring systems were used to more regularly assess structural integrity. A research program has been completed to develop and validate Comparative Vacuum Monitoring (CVM) Sensors for surface crack detection. Statistical methods using one-sided tolerance intervals were employed to derive Probability of Detection (POD) levels for a wide array of application scenarios. Multi-year field tests were also conducted to study the deployment and long-term operation of CVM sensors on aircraft. This paper presents the quantitative crack detection capabilities of the CVM sensor, its performance in actual flight environments, and the prospects for structural health monitoring applications on aircraft and other civil structures.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.101-113
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• 2006

Structural health monitoring results obtained with the electro-mechanical (E/M) impedance techniqueand Lamb wave transmission methods during fatigue crack propagation of an Arcan specimen instrumented with piezoelectric wafer active sensors (PWAS) are presented. The specimen was subjected in mixed-mode fatigue loading and a crack was propagated in stages. At each stage, an image of the crack and the location of the crack tip were recorded and the PWAS readings were taken. Hence, the crack-growth in the specimen could be correlated with the PWAS readings. The E/M impedance signature was recorded in the 100 - 500 kHz frequency range. The Lamb-wave transmission method used the pitch-catch approach with a 3-count sine tone burst of 474 kHz transmitted and received between various PWAS pairs. Fatigue loading was applied to initiate and propagate the crack damage of controlled magnitude. As damage progressed, the E/M impedance signatures and the waveforms received by receivers were recorded at predetermined intervals and compared. Data analysis indicated that both the E/M impedance signatures and the Lamb-wave transmission signatures are modified by the crack progression. Damage index values were observed to increase as the crack damage increases. These experiments demonstrated that the use of PWAS in conjunction with the E/M impedance and the Lamb-wave transmission is a potentially powerful tool for crack damage detection and monitoring in structural elements.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.69-79
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 역학변색센서를 활용한 건축물의 균열 모니터링 기술 개발에 관한 실험적 연구를 수행하였다. 콘크리트 시험체에 유도된 균열에 역학변색센서를 부착한 후 균열의 진행에 따른 변색 이미지를 촬영하였다. 그리고 센서의 변색 이미지 분석 결과와 균열 폭과의 관계식으로부터 균열 폭 도출 식을 제안하였다. 또한, 제안된 균열 폭 모니터링 기법의 검증을 통하여 건축물 균열 모니터링을 위한 역학변색센서의 활용 가능성을 확인하였다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.155-171
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• 2014

Various monitoring techniques are now available for structural health monitoring and Acoustic Emission (AE) is one of them. One of the major advantages of the AE technique is its capability to locate active cracks in structural members. AE crack locating approaches are affected by the signal attenuation and dispersion of elastic waves due to inhomogeneity and geometry of reinforced concrete (RC) members. In this paper, a novel technique is described based on signal processing and sensor arrangement to process multisensory AE data generated by the onset and propagation of cracks and is validated with experimental results from an in-situ load test. Considering the sources of uncertainty in the AE crack location process, a methodology is proposed to capture and locate events generated by cracks. In particular, the relationship between AE events and load is analyzed, and the feasibility of using the AE technique to evaluate the cracking behavior of two RC slab strips during loading to failure is studied.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1999년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집(I)
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• pp.469-474
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• 1999

The object of study is analysis to joint crack behavior of cracked joint concrete pavement. In the new constructing concrete pavement, joint crack behavior was compared general joint depth D/4 with joint depth D/3 and D/5 that it's environmental effects changed temperature and humidity. After joint saw cutting joint section was predicted crack at joint depth D/5 test section from the result for monitoring development of crack. In the setting of data logger system of the joint section, it's data compared see with the naked eye. In the research, development of crack at the joint section should effect to joint saw timing latter than joint depth. This performance could be the minimum of deterioration to the early curing. In this research, At new constructing of joint concrete pavement of highway, the monitoring system be setting after finished paving and joint sawing. The system and see with the naked eye could be analysis to pavement behaviors from collecting data at the test section. This system could be monitoring shot term and long term. In this report, joint section of crack behavior analysis used to collected data during a month after paving and joint sawing.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.33-52
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• 2017

A cantilever beam with a breathing crack is studied to improve the breathing crack identification sensitivity by the parametric optimization of sample entropy and wavelet transformation. Crack breathing is a special bi-linear phenomenon experienced by fatigue cracks which are under dynamic loadings. Entropy is a measure, which can quantify the complexity or irregularity in system dynamics, and hence employed to quantify the bi-linearity/irregularity of the vibration response, which is induced by the breathing phenomenon of a fatigue crack. To improve the sensitivity of entropy measurement for crack identification, wavelet transformation is merged with entropy. The crack identification is studied under different sinusoidal excitation frequencies of the cantilever beam. It is found that, for the excitation frequencies close to the first modal frequency of the beam structure, the method is capable of detecting only 22% of the crack depth percentage ratio with respect to the thickness of the beam. Using parametric optimization of sample entropy and wavelet transformation, this crack identification sensitivity is improved up to 8%. The experimental studies are carried out, and experimental results successfully validate the numerical parametric optimization process.