• SUVANNABHUMI
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.7-52
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• 2017

This paper analyzes the scholarly approaches to the problem of "local" vs. "cosmopolitan" in the context of the cultural transfers between South and Southeast Asia. Taking the "localization" paradigm advanced by Oliver Wolters as its pivot, it reviews the "externalist" and "autonomous" positions, and questions the hermeneutical validity of the fuzzy and self-explanatory category of "local." Having discussed the geo-environmental metaphors of "Monsoon Asia" and "Maritime Asia" as alternative paradigms to make justice to the complex dynamics of transregional interaction that shaped South and Southeast Asian societies, it briefly presents two case studies highlighting the tensions between the "local" and "cosmopolitan" approaches to the study of Old Javanese literature and Balinese Hinduism.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• 제65권4호
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• pp.295-315
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyse the ethical basis of two influential global citizenship idea - Rawls' liberal approach and cosmopolitan republicanism - as a theory on global justice. In the aspect of deontology, Rawls' view has the limit not to reflect reciprocal obligation and duty on civil right in the era of economic globalization that inequality has been structured. But cosmopolitan republicanism has the basis of deontological justification because advocates the realization of anti-domination principle at global level. In the aspect of utilitarianism, Rawls attempts to justify the logic rejecting redistribution intra nations. But cosmopolitan republicanism has the potential to decrease maleficence at global level and to increase utility level through overcoming the structured sacrifice of the citizens of developing countries.

• Proceedings of the Malacological Society of Korea Conference
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• 한국패류학회 1999년도 추계학술발표대회요약집(한국패류학회)
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• pp.1-1
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• 1999

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.105-116
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• 1995

Identified 7 species of the genus Prorocentrum which have been obtained from the southern coast area for 4 years from 1990 to 1994 can be summarized as followed. P.balticum is rare species, causing a red tide, and P.dentatum, P.micans, P.minimum, P.triestinum are cosmopolitan species often causing a red tide in the study area. P.gracile and P.lima are very rarely showed up, the former is recorded at first in domestic and later is benthic attached species which has diarrheic shellfish poison.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.185-191
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• 2020

A newly recorded species Caprella mutica Schurin, 1935 belonging to the family Caprellidae Leach, 1814 was collected from the East Sea, Korea. Caprella mutica is native to the north-east Asia but is a well-known cosmopolitan and invasive species in many areas. This species is morphologically highly similar to C. acanthogaster Mayer, 1890. However, it is distinguished from a combination of the characteristics of the head, pereonites 1-2, and gnathopod 2. In this study, the Korean C. mutica is fully illustrated based on the mature specimens and compared to C. acanthogaster.

• The Journal of Korean Society of Virology
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2000

During the recent epidemic period ($1995{\sim}1996$), seven strains of rubella virus were isolated in Korea. To analyze phylogenetic relationship between seven Korean strains and rubella virus strains from other different geographical areas, structural genes (E1, E2 and C) of Korean strains were enzymatically amplified and automatically sequenced. The sequence similarities of the E1, E2 and C genes of the cosmopolitan types were $95.8{\sim}98.1%$, $92.6{\sim}99.2%$ and $96.4{\sim}99.3%$ based on 1,441, 122 and 139 nucleotides and $96.9{\sim}98.5%$, $90{\sim}100%$ and $97.8{\sim}100%$ based on 480, 40 and 46 amino acids compared to the sequences of strain RA27/3, respectively. In contrast, the sequence similarities of the E1, E2 and C genes of the Asian types were $91.5{\sim}92.1%$, $83.6{\sim}88.5%$ and 91.4% based on nucleotides and $96.9{\sim}97.7%$, 85.5% and 97.8% based on amino acids compared to the sequences of strain RA27/3, respectively. However, immunodominent epitopes of the E1 gene of the cosmopolitan and Asian types were well conserved, and the growth patterns in cell culture and immunofluorescent antibody titers in cross-reaction test showed no differences between two different types. In phylogenetic analysis based on nucleotide sequences of each gene regions, the cosmopolitan and Asian types formed two distinct phylogenetic lineages. These data showed two distinct genotypes of rubella viruses cocirculated in Korea, but no significant differences in the antigenicity of two different rubella virus strains were found.

• Journal of Public Diplomacy
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.136-142
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• 2022

• ALGAE
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.83-94
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• 2012

The taxonomic distinctiveness and cosmopolitan distributions of the red algae $Gelidium$ $crinale$ and $G.$ $pusillum$ remain unclear. Both species were first described in Devon in southwestern England; namely in Ilfracome for $G.$ $crinale$ and Sidmouth for $G.$ $pusillum$. We analyzed mitochondrial $cox$1 and plastid $rbc$L sequences from specimens collected in East Asia, Australia, Europe and North America. In all phylogenetic analyses of $cox$1 and $rbc$L sequences, $G.$ $crinale$ was distinct from congeners of the genus. The analyses also revealed a sister relationship with the $G.$ $coulteri$ and $G.$ $capense$ clade. Nineteen $cox$1 haplotypes were identified for $G.$ $crinale$, and they were likely geographically structured. Despite the distinctiveness in both $cox$1 and $rbc$L datasets, the sister relationship of $G.$ $pusillum$ in the genus was not resolved. Our $cox$1 and $rbc$L datasets indicate that $G.$ $crinale$ is a cosmopolitan species, found in East Asia, Australia, Europe and North America, while the distribution of $G.$ $pusillum$ is restricted to Europe and Atlantic North America. Our results suggest that infraspecific classification of $G.$ $pusillum$ may be abandoned.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.363-367
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• 1986

Distributional patterns of Ulnung-do's Polychaetous annelid worms comprising 64 species out of 53 genera were divided into four zoogeographical groups with reference to the distribution of the world's polychaetous annelid worms; cosmopolitan, northern, temperate and tropical types. It was found out that there were 25 species of cosmopolitan type taking up $39\%$, 20 species of northern type, $31\%$, and 19 species of temperate type, $30\%$, but tropical type was not found. When compared with the polychaetous annelid worms of the neighboring coastal areas of the Yellow Sea, the east coast of U.S.S.R., Korea and Japan, those of Ulnung-do island were shown to have highest similarity to those of Yellow Sea follwed by the areas in the order named.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.262-266
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• 2021

In this study, three lecanid rotifer species were newly recorded in Korea: Lecane inermis (Bryce, 1892), L. furcata (Murray, 1913), and L. nana (Murray, 1913). Most of the lecanid rotifers recorded in Korea have been collected from stagnant water, and Lecane furcata and L. nana were collected from a reservoir. In contrast, L. inermis was found in a soil sample. Lecane inermis is the first illoricated lecanid species reported in Korea. This species is distinguished from other illoricated species by its toes with relatively long claws. Lecane furcata is the most common lecanid rotifer in submerged vegetation. The morphological characteristics of its lorica are similar to many other lecanid rotifers, but it can be distinguished by its completely fused toes with a terminal fissure, an absence of antero-lateral spines, and the ratio of lorica/toe length. Lecane nana is most similar to L. tryphema Harring & Myers, 1926, but can be distinguished by the toe tips curved outwards. The three species in this study are considered to have a cosmopolitan distribution and have been recorded in many Asian countries. In this paper, we describe the morphological characteristics of the three lecanid species with trophi structures observed by scanning electron microscope.