• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.75-80
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• 2016

Purpose - A growing demand for sustainability reporting has placed pressure on firms with non-financial information that affects firm valuation, growth, and development. In particular, a number of researchers have investigated various topics in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), non-financial information. Prior studies suggest that CSR may affect corporate outcomes like corporate reporting, financial performance, and disclosures. However, the results from prior studies are not clear whether CSR affects corporate outcomes. This is partially due to the measurement issues with CSR. In this study, we examine whether CSR affects the quality of corporate reporting, one of the popular measures in corporate outcomes. We find an evidence that CSR positively affects the quality of corporate reporting. Research design, data, and methodology - In this study, we collected a unique dataset of CSR from MSCI. Total 169 firms listed in the Korean Stock Exchange from 2011 to 2014 were collected and analysed with the detailed CSR reports. Using a correlation test, we found a weak association between CSR and the quality of corporate reporting. However, the regression tests provided a strong relationship between CSR and the quality of corporate reporting after controlling for other variables that may affect the quality of corporate reporting. Additionally, we calculated the t-statistics based on heteroskedaticity-consistent standard errors (White, 1980). Results - Before we run the regression test, we sort the measures of the two dependent variables into each rating of CSR (from AAA to CCC). The results indicate that the quality of corporate reporting measured by discretionary accruals and performance-matched discretionary accruals monotonically decrease as the CSR ratings increase. This supports our hypothesis. In the regression tests, the coefficient on MJDA (PMDA) is -0.183 (-0.173) and significant at the 5% level. We can interpret the results as CSR affecting the quality of corporate reporting in positive ways. Other coefficients on control variables are consistent with prior studies. For example, the coefficients on both LOSS and LEV are positive and significant at conventional level, meaning that firms with financial difficulty may harm their quality of corporate reporting. Conclusion - We found an evidence that CSR is positively associated with the quality of corporate reporting. This study contributes to the literature in various ways. First, this study extends the line of CSR research by providing additional evidence in the setting of ethical behaviors by managements. This is consistent with the hypothesis and supports the results of prior studies. Second, to the best of my knowledge, this is the first study using the MSCI CSR ratings. In contrast with prior studies using different measures of CSR, the MSCI CSR ratings allow us to provide in-depth analysis. Third, the additional measure of dependent variable (PMDA) allows us to improve the robustness of our results. Overall, the results provided this study to extend the findings in prior studies by providing incremental evidence.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.47.2-47
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• 2001

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.115-123
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• 2019

Purpose - The purpose of paper is to examine into corporate value of international physical distribution, which is closely related with company that is running business based on competitive power. It is good for company to gain a competitiveness throughout activities from international physical distribution, then it increases corporate value after all. Then it will be looked at how international physical distribution can influence competitiveness of company in terms of corporate value. Research design, data, and methodology - The research method to be described is first to identify concept of international physical distribution theoretically, including characteristics and structure, and then to review corporate value of international physical distribution to make company be competitive. As far as general landscape of international logistics is concerned, it is investigated into function and role of service provider, user and market situations. However, it is well proved that current market of international physical distribution is stable and bright, which means it is possible to take foreseeable future as well. Then company can share with corporate value of international physical distribution provided from logistics service provider. Results - To achieve corporate value throughout process of international physical distribution is strongly connected with competitive status of logistics service providers, those are carriers and infrastructures, and third party logistics providers. Especially in order to inquire into competitive aspects of international physical distribution in this paper, it is focused on trade volumes and overcapacity of global shipping market. Unlike it is used to be, more optimistic and positive situation has been shown since 5 years ago from the year of 2018, which means carriers make a business well, leading company to be more competitive. Conclusions - Corporate value of company in terms of international physical distribution is closely involved with competitive situations in the physically distribution, especially shipping market, which service providers can paly a key role in this regards. It can be estimated that the more market of international physical distribution works, the more competitiveness of companies increases. Ocean carriers in shipping market of international physical distribution are doing actively business well, and the corporate value can be materialized in favor of company.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.233-254
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• 2023

Purpose - This study aims to verify whether the effect of tax avoidance on corporate value is non-linear in the Korean financial markets. Design/methodology/approach - This study believes that the cause of the inconsistent empirical analysis results of previous studies that verified the relationship between tax avoidance and firm value may be an error in assuming linearity, and verifies whether a nonlinear relationship exists. The sample company in this study is a December settlement corporation listed on the Korean stock market, and the analysis period is from 2000 to 2021. In the empirical analysis model, Tobin's Q is used as a proxy for corporate value, tax avoidance is used as the main independent variable, and a regression model is designed with corporate size, growth rate, and debt ratio set as control variables. Findings - As a result of the empirical analysis, it can be confirmed that there is an inverted U-shaped nonlinear relationship between tax avoidance and corporate value. In the additional analysis using Ohlson (1995) firm valuation model for the robustness of the results of the empirical analysis, the same nonlinear value relationship between tax avoidance can be confirmed. Research implications or Originality - This study is considered to be meaningful in that it verifies the non-linear relationship of tax avoidance, which has not been attempted in previous studies. The meaning of the inverted U-shaped nonlinear relationship presented in this study is that corporate tax avoidance acts as a factor that increases corporate value up to a certain level, but rather becomes a factor that decreases corporate value when it exceeds a critical point. These results are expected to provide new perspectives and perspectives on tax avoidance to companies belonging to the Korean capital market.

• IE interfaces
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.539-546
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• 2007

This study has been conducted on touch screen interface design for mobile devices. It was intended to measure user’s satisfaction on one-handed thumb input mobile devices. Recent studies proposed the optimal touch button size, but it is inappropriate for mobile devices. Therefore, this study was focused on four touch key factors-width, height, the horizontal and vertical distance between touch keys-as independent variables. The ANOVA results showed that the user satisfaction of four touch key factors was significantly affected by the thumb input. It also apparent that the interactions between four factors were significant. As a result, the horizontal and vertical distance as well as the width and height affected the satisfaction of users. In addition, this study suggested satisfaction models which represent the top 30%, 50%, 70% of user satisfaction measurement. The results of this study could be used to design touch keys that are able to enhance the usability on touch screen based mobile devices.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.1 s.63
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• pp.39-48
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• 2006

In recent marketing circumstances we passed the days just dealt with products sales and faced Sensitivity Marketing era concluded by merchandise, corporate and brand image. Especially although corporate commercial space is the important strategy factor performing immediate satisfaction, experience,sensitive stimulation and social relationship among customers, most of the domestic firms don't recognize its importance when looking into adopted graphic factors at spaces without consideration for a variety of space function, concept,merchandise and customer satisfaction. In addition the facade, which performs as visual information conveyance, boundaries of architecture and concluding space concept, merchandise image and incoming customer based on linkage between interior and exterior, is the important point. This research specializing the examples of facade design of corporate and brand commercial space including service, purchasing and advertising looks into reflected space identity through facade and theoretical factors for commercial space function, concept, merchandise and customers related facade design and makes alternative plans in order to make a better commercial space identity program.

• Archives of design research
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.101-110
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• 1998

It is impossible that the corporation can make up good corporate images with sales promoting and pursuing profits only. To form impressive oorporate images, the corporation should acquire efficient marketing images and social oonfidences with the investment for the culture, the art, the preservation of public health, educations and social welfare programs. The oorporate image is indined to be formed by audiences subjectively even though the corporation makes great efforts to have its unique images. The audience has a tendency to have their subjective opinions about the corporate image based on several informations communicated by the corporation and various sources. The sensitive approach and emotional persuation can be efficient for making good corporate images because corporate images of audiences arise from emotional and sensitive factors rather than rational ones. There are many previous studies verifying that the humor effect should be one of powerful means for inducing concentrations, memorizations and persuations. The majority of popular advertisings are humor touched one and the questionaire proves that almost all university students participating sample test, prefer humorous advertisings to serious advertisings. The questionaire verifies that it is a most efficient method is using humor effects at product advertising to improve the corporate image indirectly. And there are very possitive reactions about applying humor effects for the corporate image advertising and the other advertisement types such as pamphlets and catalogues. The humor effect motivates the persuation with spiritual pleasures and intimacy, and it minimize the negative aspects of advertising for the formation of the corporate image. The humor effect is valuable not only for the formation of the corporate image reflecting the entity of the oorporation itself but also for the ideation of advertising communications. The study on the humor effect related with the corporate image is significant because the humor is a different version of the humanism based on deep oontemplation and oomprehension of human life rather than simple means to motivate laughers.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.125-139
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• 2024

The corporate logo symbolizes the company's value, goals and vision as a visual symbol representing the company. It serves as a communication tool for companies by conveying different messages depending on design and color. As demands for ESG management have recently increased, companies have begun to implicitly demonstrate values such as environmental protection and corporate transparency through logos. Companies use logos as a strategy to visually emphasize the value they pursue and project the desired image as a signal. In this process, stakeholders who see the logo experience cognitive bias. Therefore, this study seeks to find out that ESG value can be indirectly communicated by the design of corporate logos, which can also affect a company's ESG evaluation. In addition, this study will examine the moderate effect that logos expect to encounter a greater bias effect as the companies actively include ESG-related issues in corporate disclosure data. This study conducted an analysis of 617 KOSPI-listed companies using ESG evaluation data from 2020 to 2022. The analysis confirmed the significant relation of the type of logo and ESG disclosure on ESG evaluation but found partially moderate effect of ESG disclosure.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.129-141
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• 2001

Kansei engineering or image technology is a tool to analyze relation between product design components and the impression or feeling of human for physical products. This paper attempts to construct the designer\`s aid tool for developing corporate identity(CI) symbol mark based on the hybrid Kansei engineering. It combines the forward Kansei engineering for translating consumer\`s feeling into design components of CI symbol mark and the backward Kansei engineering for evaluating consumer\`s feeling for CI symbol mark. The semantic differential(SD) evaluation experiment is carried out to find the relations between image and design. The backward Kansei engineering system is modelled by fuzzy neural network. This research is expected to contribute to the development of CI symbol mark that correspond to comsumer\`s image.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.49-56
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• 2019

Purpose: Corporate social responsibility is a self-regulating business model that helps a firm be socially accountable to the public. By practicing corporate social responsibility, firms can be conscious of the kind of impact they are having on all aspects of society, including economic, social, and environmental. Corporate social responsibility activities are not directly linked to increasing corporate performance and corporate value, but rather involve spending expenses. Based on these facts, this study verifies whether the effects of corporate social responsibility activities differ depending on the firm's situation. Research design, data and methodology: This study analyzed the effect of market competition on corporate social responsibility activities using logistic regression analysis on listed companies in the KOSPI and KOSDAQ for fiscal years 2014 through 2016. In this study, market competition was measured using the Herfindahl-Herschman Index(HHI). Higher HHI value can be interpreted as a lower degree of market competition. We also measured corporate social responsibility activities using the KEJI Index published by the Korea Economic Justice Institute (KEJI). If a firm-year is included in the top 200 companies of the KEJI Index, it is classified as a good corporate social responsibility activity firm. Results: We find that companies in less competitive market were not included in the KEJI Index. This result indicates that firms in the market with lower market competition perform less corporate social responsibility activities that incur costs. An additional analysis showed that there was a significant negative relationship between the market competition and the corporate social responsibility activity scores published by the KEJI Index. These result adds robustness to the result of the hypothesis that firms that have a monopolistic place in the market practice passive corporate social responsibility activities. Conclusions: The results show that managers of a firm in the lower market competition have a lower incentive to use limited resources for projects that are not directly related to revenue. The results of this study imply that corporate social responsibility activities vary according to the position of the business. Therefore, this study suggests that market investors should consider the degree of competition in the market when they evaluate corporate social responsibility activities.