• 원예과학기술지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2014

본 연구는 조생종 '한아름'의 기본적인 해부학적 과실 구조 및 과실 품질과 GA 처리 시의 변화를 구명하여 '한아름'의 생리적 특징을 이해하고자 수행하였다. '한아름'의 생육기별 과실 발달을 조사한 결과 만개기의 과실 구조는 바깥쪽으로부터 외표피층, 아표피층, 유조직층, 내표피층으로 구성되어 있으며 5종류의 유관속 조직이 관찰되었다. 코르크층은 무처리구에서는 만개 후 70일, GA 처리구에서는 만개 후 60일경에 형성되었다. '한아름' 품종의 세포분열 기간은 만개 후 40일까지이며 이후에는 세포비대에 의해 과실이 발달하였다. GA 처리에 따른 과실 비대와 조직 발달을 관찰한 결과, GA 처리는 '한아름'의 세포분열에는 영향을 미치지 못하였으며 세포비대를 촉진하는 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 과경부는 세포분열 정지기인 만개 후 40일부터 처리구의 유관속 조직이 무처리구에 비하여 큰 것으로 관찰되어 '한아름' 과실은 GA를 처리할 시 유관속 조직의 발달을 촉진하여 상대적으로 과실로의 양분 공급이 증가하는 것으로 생각되었다. 한편 수확기에 무처리구와 처리구의 평균적인 품질을 비교한 결과, 처리구에서 과중이 높았으나 경도는 낮게 조사되어 '한아름' 과실에 GA를 처리할 경우 수확 후 과실의 저장에 영향을 미칠 것으로 생각되었다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.95-103
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• 1980

In our country there are five species of Morus genus including Morus alba L.. Also their varieties and hybrids are distributed so much. In sucession of previous report we collected control and marketing specimens of Mori Cortex Radicis, comparative experiments were pharmacognostically carried out to identify the control specimen by the differences of external and internal morphology. It was difficult to identify marketing specimens by external morphology, because they are similar in spite of conparating with control specimen which the origin is definite. In internal morphology, medullary ray is developed near the cambium to primary bark in control specimen A(Morus alba series) and C(M. Lhou series), but less developed in B(M. bombycis series). The difference of these three series was observed. The thickness of cork layer is almost the same($7{\sim}12$ layers) in A and C series, but B is thin layer and sample E(that on the market) is generally more thick and has a stick cork cell. The kinds of starch, Ca-oxalate and latex, cell centents were same, but it was easy to identify them by the differences of their distribution. The bast fibre of D(wild specimen) and E were light lignified, latex tube of A and C series was richer distributed than others. These results show that the origin of Mori Cortex Radicis on the market can be appreciated in four groups of Korean Morus genus which are M. alba, M. bambycis, M. Lhou series and the others.

• 생약학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.209-212
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• 2011

Korean folk medicine 'ORiNaMu' has been used mainly to cure toothache and alcoholism. With regard to the botanical origin of 'ORiNaMu', it has been considered to designate the branch of Alnus species (Betulaceae), but there was no pharmacognostical confirmation on it. To clarify the botanical origin of 'ORiNaMu', the anatomical characteristics of the branch of Alnus firma, A. hirsuta, A. japonica and A. maximowiczii were studied. As a result, it was found the morphological criteria for the four Alnus species that could discriminate them the number of cork cell layer, fiber, stone cell and diameter of vessel. According to there criteria, it was clarified that the commercial folk medicine 'ORiNaMu' was the branch of Alnus firma.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.1447-1460
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• 2009

Myogenic satellite cells have been isolated and identified by several recently elucidated molecular markers. Furthermore, knowledge about the precise function of these markers has provided insight into the early and terminal events of satellite cells during proliferation, differentiation, transdifferentiation, specification and activation. Recently, quiescent myogenic satellite cells have been associated with possession of Pax 3 and 7 that represent pluripotent stem cells capable of differentiating into other lineages. However, the mechanism by which myogenic satellite cells attain pluripotent potential remain elusive. Later, transdifferentiating ability of these cells to another lineage in the absence or presence of certain growth factor/ or agents has revolutionized the scope of these pluripotent myogenic satellite cells for manipulation of animal production (in terms of quality and quantity of muscle protein) and health (in terms of repair of skeletal muscle, cartilage or bone).

• 생약학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.326-331
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• 2013

A Korean folk medicine, "SinKyungCho" has been used to cure common cold and rheumatis. While this crude drug has similar morphological feature to that of Rubia species, the botanical origin has never been studied pharmacognostically. Therefore, in order to clarify the botanical origin of "SinKyungCho", the morphological and anatomical characteristics of Rubia species growing in Korea, i.e. R. akane, R. chinensis var. glabrescens, R. cordifolia var. pratensis, R. cordifolia var. sylvatica were studied. Especially, differing from the other three species, R. cordifolia var. pratensis has 2-4 cork cell layers under the endodermal cell layer. R. cordifolia var. sylvatica showed the largest number of parenchyma cell layers in cortex by 8-17. While the average ratio of stele to root transverse section is over 45% for R. akane and R. cordifolia var. pratensis, the ratio is under 45% for R. chinensis var. glabrescens and R. cordifolia var. sylvatica. According to these morphological criteria, the folk medicine "SinKyungCho" from Korean traditional market was proved to be the underground part of R. akane.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.112-117
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• 2008

Pre-infection behavior of Fusarium circinatum on stems of pine species was investigated with scanning electron microscopy. Two-year-old stems of Pinus densiflora and p. rigida were inoculated with the fungal conidial suspension and subjected to $25^{\circ}C$ for up to 16 hr. Most microconidia germinated 12 hr after inoculation on pine stems. Conidia produced germ tubes from either one or both ends of microconidia. Germ tubes grew over the stem surface and appeared to enter host tissues through natural openings on pine stems. Surface cracks in the cork were entrance sites of germ tubes of F. circinatum. In addition, host cell wall cracks were often found at the tip of germ tubes. The cuticle appeared to be eroded either at the tip of germ tubes or around germlings. Germ tubes also produced appressoria-like structures, exhibiting swollen tips of germ tubes on the stem surface. There seems to be no significant differences in the pre-infection behavior of F. circinatum on stems between the two pine species.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.95-101
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• 2005

Objectives : In order to distinguish Cnidii Rhizoma and Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma (cultivated in Korea and China), their external and internal states were observed via microscopic examination. Methods : The slice of the tested material made by paraffin section technique was colored with Safranine Malachite Green contrast methods, and then observed and photographed by olymphus-BHT. Results : Cnidii Rhizoma, Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma (from Korea), and Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma (from China) all demonstrated similar patterns as following : 1. external form 1) showing irregular nodular form with $2{\sim}7cm$ diameter. 2) having several trochites in parallel, and nodulose root trace on surface. 3) in addition to yellow-white or yellow-gray intersections, yellow-brown oil sacs were distributed, with cambium resembling a form of annulus. 2. internal form 1) its root and rhizome is composed of 10 layers of cork, with narrow cortical layers. 2) its phloem is wide, and oval light yellow-brown oil sacs are distributed around. The closer to the cambium, the smaller it is. 3) cambium is a form of a wave-like ring or an irregular polygon. 4) xylem and vessel are rare, most of which are arranged in a 'V' format, and sometimes xylem fiber is found. 5) pith is composed of parenchymatous cell, and parenchyma is full of starch grains. Conclusions : In conclusion, C officinale, L. chuanxiong (from Korea), and L. chuanxiong (from China) have rhizomes in a similar form with no special difference. Therefore, it is concluded that C. officinale, L. chuanxiong (from Korea), and L. chuanxiong (from China) are categorized into the same species.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.122-126
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• 2003

겨우살이 기생위치는 숙주목(상수리나무 등)의 종류에 관계없이 대부분 지면에서 5-10m높이의 일사량이 많은 상단부에 기생하였다. 줄기의 분화는 주경에서 2개씩 연속분지를 형성하였고, 잎은 정단줄기의 상단부에 2매씩 대생하였으며, 종실은 연황색의 7-8mm 크기의 장과였다. 겨우살이 화아분화는 초기 둥근 돔형의 화아정단이 형성되고 엽원기가 1, 2매 차례로 분화한 다음 심장형으로 발달하며 악편이 발생하였는데, 중앙부에서 먼저 진행되었고 이어 양측 면에 2개를 형성하였다. 잎은 이면의 표피 2-3층 아래에 기공과 공변세포가 관찰되었고, 겨우살이는 기주목의 흡착부에서 기주조직의 코르크층을 통과하여 목질부에 뿌리를 내리고 여러 갈래로 분지하여 생장하는 것을 확인하였다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2008

Objectives: To determine the standards for discrimination of Magnoliae Cortex, the experiment of specific external-internal characters and the physicochemical pattern analysis were performed. Methods: External characteristics was observed using a stereoscope. Paraffin-mediated sectioned materials were stained by Ju's method. Physicochemical patterns of materials were analyzed using HPLC. Results: 1. Botanical characteristics: Magnolia officinalis had one seed and a white flower, while M. obovata had two seeds and a white flower. Machilus thunbergii had berry and spherical fruits and yellowish green panicles. 2. External characteristics: M. officinalis and M obovata were dark and thick. M. officinalis was gray brown and greasy while M. obovata was light-gray, less oily and smoothly sectioned. Machilus thunbergii was thin and relatively light or yellow-brown, coarsely sectioned and faintly specific scents. 3. Internal characteristics: The bast parts of M. officinalis and M. obovata were commonly wider than Machilus thunbergii The cork cortex of M. officinalis was $10{\sim}mg/L$ cell layers with many oil cells, while that of M. obovata was $4{\sim}7$ cell layers with less oil cells. Machilus thunbergii's xylem which consisted of ring-shaped cambium at 1st and 2nd part was occupied in large portion. 4. Physicochemical pattern: Both M. officinalis and M. obovata involved honokiol and magnolol. All kinds of M. officinalis involved Magnatriol B but one kind of M. ovobata and all of Machilus thunbergii didn't. Machilus thunbergii showed different pattern of chromatogram from that of 2 species above. Conclusions: These results could be used as standards for discrimination of Magnoliae Cortex and as the method of objectification in medicinal herbs giving the basic resource for bioactivity research.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제99권3호
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• pp.277-284
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• 2010

회화나무 녹병균(Uromyces truncicola)은 기주식물의 줄기와 가지 그리고 잎에 감염하고 회화나무의 감염률은 78%였다. 이 녹병균의 겨울포자는 밤갈색으로 원형~난형이었으며, $29-37{\times}24-27\;{\mu}m$ 크기였고, 여름포자는 황갈색으로 타원형~난형이며 포자 표면에 가시모양의 돌기가 있고 $28-39{\times}19-22\;{\mu}m$ 크기였다. 이 병으로 감염된 가지에서는 코르크층이 비후되었고, 방사유조직은 비틀어지고 갈라지거나 합쳐졌으며 유세포가 증가하였다. 건강한 회화나무 가지의 방사유조직은 1열에서 2열인 반면에, 감염 가지의 방사유조직은 3열 이상의 유세포들이 방추형을 형성하고 있었다. 감염 가지에서는 도관들이 다양한 형태로 비틀어져 있었고, 내수피 부분과 일부 목부조직의 세포간극에는 황색물질이 형성되어 있었다. 병 발생이 적은 개체에서는 가지의 털은 밀생하고 길었으며, 잎의 상표피 두께는 평균 23.3 ${\mu}m$인데 비하여, 병 발생이 심한 개체에서는 가지의 털이 상대적으로 덜 밀생하고 짧았으며, 상표피의 두께는 평균 17.4 ${\mu}m$였으므로, 저항성 개체가 존재하는 것으로 생각되었다.