• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.26 no.11
• /
• pp.1983-1992
• /
• 2016

Pseudomonas strains isolated from the heavily contaminated Lubin copper mine and Zelazny Most post-flotation waste reservoir in Poland were screened for the presence of integrons. This analysis revealed that two strains carried homologous DNA regions composed of a gene encoding a DNA_BRE_C domain-containing tyrosine recombinase (with no significant sequence similarity to other integrases of integrons) plus a three-component array of putative integron gene cassettes. The predicted gene cassettes encode three putative polypeptides with homology to (i) transmembrane proteins, (ii) GCN5 family acetyltransferases, and (iii) hypothetical proteins of unknown function (homologous proteins are encoded by the gene cassettes of several class 1 integrons). Comparative sequence analyses identified three structural variants of these novel integron-like elements within the sequenced bacterial genomes. Analysis of their distribution revealed that they are found exclusively in strains of the genus Pseudomonas.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
• /
• 2003.05c
• /
• pp.162-165
• /
• 2003

The corrosion characteristics of diffusion barrier in Copper CMP has been investigated. Key experimental variables that has been investigated are the corrosion rate by different agents containing slurry of Cu CMP. Whenever Cu and Ta films were corroded adding each oxidizer, the corrosion rate of Ta was much lower than that of Cu. That is, the difference in the corrosion rates of Ta by oxidizer was not larger as compared with Cu. As corroded by complexing agents, the corrosion rate of Ta was close to O. The corrosion rate of Ta increased as added $HNO_3$ and $CH_3COOH$ compared with the reference slurry; on the other hand, it decreased with addition of HF. In addition, resulting corrosion rate went up with lower pH of agent. The corrosion rates by agents were however significant small; hence, it doesn't affect on the removal rate of Cu CMP practically. Consequently, this can be explained by assuming that the mechanical effect dominates than the chemical effect on the polishing rate of Ta(TaN).

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Poultry Science Conference
• /
• 2003.11a
• /
• pp.80-81
• /
• 2003

The aim of this study was the evaluation of the dietary effect of garlic powder(GP) and copper(Cu) on productivity, storage qualify of egg and egg yolk cholesterol in laying hens. 52-week-old layers were fed one of six diets containing 0 ％GP(Control), 1·3·5 ％ GP, 200 ppm Cu, 3 ％ GP-200 ppm Cu, respectively, for 5 wks. There were no differences in egg production performances and feed intake among treated groups. With the increase in dietary GP levels, the Haugh unit were higher linearly after 7-d and 14-d storage. The cholesterol contents of serum and egg Yolk in 3 ％ GP-200 ppm Cu groups were significantly lower than those of Control.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.60 no.2
• /
• pp.131-136
• /
• 2016

Copper ion induced photoluminescence (PL) quenching dynamics and recovery of the PL by zinc ions were investigated for CdSe based nanocrystals. When copper ions were added, CdSe quantum dots showed fast and dramatically PL quenching whereas PL of CdSe nanorod gradually decreased. In the presence of zinc ions, the PL of CdSe/CdS (core/shell) nanocrystals that have quenched by copper ions was efficiently recovered. It showed that the PL intensity of nanocrystals increased by 50% in a solution containing 1 μM zinc ions. The PL intensity was increasing with increasing zinc ions, and could be described by Langmuir binding isotherm model. We showcase that the CdSe based nanocrystals can be used as fluorescence turn-on sensor.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.506-514
• /
• 2020

Objective: We tested the hypothesis that increasing dietary copper (Cu) to gravid ewes would enhance brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis in their offspring. Methods: Twin-bearing ewes were assigned on d 70 of gestation to diets containing 3, 10, or 20 ppm dietary Cu (n = 8 per group). Twin lambs were assigned at birth to a cold (6℃) or warm (28℃) environmental chamber for 48 h. Blood was collected from ewes and from lambs and perirenal BAT was collected after 48 h in the environmental chambers. Results: Prenatal Cu exposure increased ewe plasma triiodothyronine (T₃) and thyroxine concentration (T₄) (p<0.01) but prenatal Cu exposure had no effect on lamb plasma concentrations of T₃, T₄, glucose, or nonesterified fatty acid concentration (p≥0.08). The high level of prenatal Cu exposure depressed 48-h rectal temperature (p = 0.03). Cold exposure decreased BAT norepinephrine (NE) and increased BAT dopamine (p≤0.01), but prenatal Cu exposure had no effect on BAT cytochrome C oxidase activity or BAT NE or dopamine (p≥0.07). However, BAT of lambs from high-Cu ewes maintained higher uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) gene expression than BAT of lambs from low- and medium-Cu ewes following warm or cold exposure in environmental chambers (p = 0.02). Cold exposure caused near depletion of BAT lipid by 48 h (p<0.001), increased BAT cytochrome c oxidase activity (p<0.01), and depressed plasma fatty acid concentrations (p<0.001). Conclusion: Although prenatal Cu exposure increased BAT UCP1 expression during warm and cold exposure, prenatal cold Cu exposure depressed 48-h rectal temperature. Cold exposure decreased BAT lipid content by over 80% and decreased lamb plasma fatty acid concentration by over 40%, indicating that fuel reserves for thermogenesis were nearly depleted by 48 h of cold exposure.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.155-166
• /
• 1992

In dentistry, precious metal alloys are, mainly due to economic factors, increasingly displaced by alternatives containing Ni-Cr-Co. There are some reports where hypersensitive reactions to Ni-Cr-Co alloys are presented and discussed. The reactions reported vary from mucosa contact stomatitis to generalized dermatitis without any oral mucosal reaction. The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of nickel, chrome, cobalt and copper, and to know whether subjects with positive skin reaction to nickel would also demonstrate adverse intraoral reaction to a non-precious metal nickel. The patch tests were performed in 81 subjects(male 39, female 42) and nickel sulfate 5% aq., potassium bichromate 0.5% at., cobalt chloride 2% aq., & copper sulfate 1% aq., were used for test allergens. And then the intraoral tests were performed in 16 subjects, 8 subjects with positive allergic skin reaction to nickel and 8 subjects with negative allergic skin reaction. A pure metallic nickel plate was attached to the buccal side of the upper second premolar. The results are as follows : 1. The frequency of nickel sensitivity was 9.9% (2 men, 6 women), cobalt was 4.9% (1 man, 3 women), and chrome was 2.5% (2 men) respectively and there was no positive reaction to copper 2. The positive reactions were 8 of 23 (34.8%) with a history of jewelry allergic reactions and 3 of 58 (5.1%) without a history of jewelry allergic reactions. 3. Three of 8 subjects with positive skin reaction. gave reactions to the metal plates.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
• /
• 2003.07a
• /
• pp.339-342
• /
• 2003

The corrosion characteristics of Copper by oxidizers in Cu CMP slurry has been investigated. Key experimental variables that has been investigate are the corrosion rate by different oxidizers containing slurry of Cu CMP. Oxidizers in Cu CMP slurry reacts with Cu surfaces to raise the oxidation state of the metal via a reduction-oxidation reaction, resulting in either dissolution of the Cu or the formation of Ta surface film on the metal.[1] When Cu films were corroded adding each oxidizer, corrosion rate increased as much as higher Icorrosion. The corrosion rate of Cu was the largest as added $(NH_4)_2S_2O_8$. The higher content of Urea Hydrogen peroxide was, the higher corrosion rate was measured. Putting in tartaric acid as complexing agent, the corrosion rates of the compounds(Urea hydrogen peroxide+$H_2O_2$) are uniformly. As a result of Cu corrosion by $Cu(NO_3)_2$, the high corrosion rate was determined by even small amounts of $Cu(NO_3)_2$. Consequently, this can be explained by assuming that corrosion by oxidizers has primary effects on the removal rate of Cu and the proper oxidizer needs to be chosen in accordance with relationship of each slurry agent.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.70-74
• /
• 1999

The primary objective of these studies was to screen the materials showing inhibitions of HMG-CoA reductase in vitro. The secondary objective was to determine the effect of garlic, lovastatin and copper on cholesterol concentrations in plasma. liver and brease muscle of pullets. In experiment 1, the degree of inhibition of the selective samples on HMG-CoA reductase activity was determined in vitro. The inhibition rate of water soluble garlic extracts, lovastatin and copper to HMG-coA reductase activity were 51.3%, 87.5%, and 82.0% respectively . In experiment 2, control diet (basal diet), garlic powder (3% in diet) , lovastatin (300mg/kg of diet) and copper(200mg/kg of diet) were fed to pullets in order to investigate the changes of cholesterol concentration in plasma and tissues. Plasma total cholesterol , and LDL-cholesterol were significantly reduced in pullets fed a diet containing 3 % garlic powder. However, coper significantly increased total cholesterol compared to controls and lovastatin did not affect plasma chholesterol concentration . Total cholesterol inlover and breast muscle inpullets were not affectedb y adding cholesterol lowering materials to the diets. The data suggests that it is not easy for HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors to reduce cholesterol levels in the body due to complication in cholestrol metabolism . However, garlic administration can lower the levels of plasma cholesterol in pullets.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.34 no.10
• /
• pp.2900-2904
• /
• 2013

We present the synthesis and characterization of DTPA-bis(histidylamide) (1a), DTPA-bis(aspartamide) (1b), and their gadolinium complexes of the type $[Gd(L)(H_2O)]$ (2a:L = 1a; 2b:L = 1b). Thermodynamic stabilities and $R_1$ relaxivities of 2a-b compare well with Omniscan$^{(R)}$, a well-known commercial, extracellular (ECF) MRI CA which adopts the DTPA-bis(amide) framework for the chelate: $R_1$ = 5.5 and 5.1 $mM^{-1}$ for 2a and 2b, respectively. Addition of the Cu(II) ion to a solution containing 2b triggers relaxivity enhancement to raise $R_1$ as high as 15.3 $mM^{-1}$, which corresponds to a 300% enhancement. Such an increase levels off at the concentration beyond two equiv. of Cu(II), suggesting the formation of a trimetallic ($Gd/Cu_2$) complex in situ. Such a relaxivity increase is almost negligible with Zn(II) and other endogenous ions such as Na(I), K(I), Mg(II), and Ca(II). In vivo MR images and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) obtained with an aqueous mixture of 2b and Cu(II) ion in an 1:2 ratio demonstrate the potentiality of 2 as a copper responsive MRI CA.

• Carbon letters
• /
• v.21
• /
• pp.68-73
• /
• 2017

We have demonstrated the production of thin films containing multilayer graphene-coated copper nanoparticles (MGCNs) by a commercial electrodeposition method. The MGCNs were produced by electrical wire explosion, an easily applied technique for creating hybrid metal nanoparticles. The nanoparticles had average diameters of 10-120 nm and quasi-spherical morphologies. We made a complex-electrodeposited copper thin film (CETF) with a thickness of $4.8{\mu}m$ by adding 300 ppm MGCNs to the electrolyte solution and performing electrodeposition. We measured the electric properties and performed corrosion testing of the CETF. Raman spectroscopy was used to measure the bonding characteristics and estimate the number of layers in the graphene films. The resistivity of the bare-electrodeposited copper thin film (BETF) was $2.092{\times}10^{-6}{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$, and the resistivity of the CETF after the addition of 300 ppm MGCNs was decreased by 2% to ${\sim}2.049{\times}10^{-6}{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$. The corrosion resistance of the BETF was $9.306{\Omega}$, while that of the CETF was increased to 20.04 Ω. Therefore, the CETF with MGCNs can be used in interconnection circuits for printed circuit boards or semiconductor devices on the basis of its low resistivity and high corrosion resistance.