• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.879-884
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• 2006

Jinan Poonghyeol in Chonbuk province Is famous for emitting cool air in summer and warm air in winter. Cause for these phenomena is studied by measuring temperature, humidity and air velocity of several locations around Jinan Poonghyeol Temperature variations under the ground are also measured. Analyzing data compiled from July 21, 2005 through May 26, 2006, it is presumed that storage effect of rocks and soil in this area and buoyance effect are the main causes for this mysterious natural air-conditioning phenomena.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.47-53
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• 2019

This study was performed to evaluate the microbial and temperature changes of boxed beef during transport and distribution under vacuum and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP), and to compare between excision and swab sampling for 15 days. The top round and striploin (quality grade 1) from Hanwoo steers at 2 days post-slaughter were obtained from a local meat processing plants and chilled at $4{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ in a cold room. The boxes were transported under refrigeration ($4{\pm}2^{\circ}C$) to the laboratory within half an hour. Vacuum and MAP packs were subsequently taken out from cool boxes, and microbiological examinations were carried out at 0, 6, 12, and 24 h of storage time. MAP was more effective than vacuum packaging for the inhibition of total aerobic, lactic acid bacteria and Pseudomonas (p < 0.05). Microbial loads of swab methods were slightly lower than those of excision ones (p < 0.05). The results of this study could be utilized by meat consumers in future studies as well as by manufacturers to determine the ideal storage conditions for cool boxed meat, thus ensuring reduced economic losses due to spoilage.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.4 s.84
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• pp.510-514
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• 2007

This study was carried on cool and RT(room temperature) storage of unhulled rice. In RT storage of an analysis of coefficient relation, high significant positive coefficients were observed in toyo index and breakdown, setback and protein content. high significant negative coefficients were showed setback and breakdown, breakdown and protein content. In cool storage of an analysis of coefficient relation, high significant positive coefficients were observed in toyo index and amylose content and gelatinization start temperature and protein content and high significant negative coefficients were showed toyo index and whiteness, toyo index and gelatinization start temperature, gelatinization start temperature and amylose content. In RT storage of a path coefficient analysis, a highest positive direct influence was observed in amylose content and a highest negative direct influence was protein content. Positive indirect influence was high revealed breakdown and protein content and negative indirect influence was gelatinization start temperature and Mg/K ratio. In cool storage of a path coefficient analysis, a highest positive direct influence was whiteness and a highest positive indirect influence was gelatinization start temperature. Positive indirect influence was high revealed gelatinization start temperature and amylose content, negative indirect influence was whiteness and gelatinization start temperature. In RT storage of Multiple regression equation of Toyo index based on physicochemical properties of unhulled rice, a highest coefficient of determination was revealed among five facters of whiteness, protein content, Mg/K ratio, amylose content and gelatinization start temperature. In cool storage of Multiple regression equation of toyo index based on physicochemical properties of unhulled rice, highest coefficient of determination was revealed among five facters of moisture content, amylose content, gelatinization start temperature, breakdown and setback.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.07a
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• pp.856-857
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• 2007

For the sake of a stable power supply, an electric power company must have power generation facilities that can generate more electricity than the maximum demand of the year. Due to the fact that the maximum electricity demand will also continue to increase, enormous investments are needed annually to build power plants. For that reason, electric power companies are propelling 'Demand Side Management' which improve the form of electrical usage for the customer in a positive way. This paper presents the concept of 'Cool Storage System' which is the most representative program, which lowers the peak demand during the on-peak time periods in a day and creates a base load simultaneously during the night time hours among the DSM programs.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.65-65
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• 2005

• Solar Energy
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.57-67
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• 1998

A study on a buoyancy effect by the temperature difference between a inner room air and a inflowing cool air and also by Inlet velocity can contribute greatly to enhance performance of air conditioning system, so the study on the distribution characteristics of inflowed cool air is important to analyze the cool air storage in a room. For this study, in the real-sized model room, the temperature differences between inflowing cool air and inner room air are 10, 20, $30^{\circ}C$, and the inlet velocities of inflowing cool air are 1, 2, 3m/s respectively as dynamic parameters. Also, a anemos and a vane type diffuser are used as inlet geometric conditions. Following conclusions have been obtained through this study. 1) In case of the anemos type diffuser, it is found that a dimensionless temperature profile is low and the distribution of the inflowed cool air is uniform. and also, all diffuusers have a low temperature of the inner room as increasing the inlet velocity. 2) A mixing takes place rapidly in case of the anemos type diffuser when the temperature difference is low ${\Delta}T=10^{\circ}C$ and the inletvelocity is high V=3m/s. and the mixing degree is higher with the anemos type diffuser than the vane.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.179-186
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• 2009

This paper presents a thermal creep test under internal pressure and post-test characterization performed on high burnup (68 MWd/kgU) ZIRLO. This research has been done by the CSN, ENRESA, and ENUSA in order to investigate the behavior of advanced cladding materials in contemporary PWRs at higher burnup under dry cask storage conditions. Also, to investigate the hydride reorientation, the cool-down of the samples after the test has been done in a coordinated manner with the internal pressure. The creep results obtained are consistent with the expected behavior from reference CWSR material, Zr-4. During the test, the material retained significant ductility: one specimen leaked during the test at an engineering strain of the tube section of 17%; remarkably, the crack closed due to de-pressurization. Although significant hydride reorientation occurred during the cool-down under pressure, no specimen failed during the cool-down.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.49 no.8
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• pp.1740-1747
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• 2017

To investigate allowable peak cladding temperature and hoop stress for maintenance of cladding integrity during interim-dry storage and subsequent transport, zirconium alloy cladding tubes were hydrogen-charged to generate 250 ppm and 500 ppm hydrogen contents, simulating spent nuclear fuel degradation. The hydrogen-charged specimens were heated to four peak temperatures of $250^{\circ}C$, $300^{\circ}C$, $350^{\circ}C$, and $400^{\circ}C$, and then cooled to room temperature at cooling rates of $0.3^{\circ}C/min$ under three tensile hoop stresses of 80 MPa, 100 MPa, and 120 MPa. The cool-down specimens showed that high peak heat-up temperature led to lower hydrogen content and that larger tensile hoop stress generated larger radial hydride fraction and consequently lower plastic elongation. Based on these out-of-pile cladding tube test results only, it may be said that peak cladding temperature should be limited to a level < $250^{\circ}C$, regardless of the cladding hoop stress, to ensure cladding integrity during interim-dry storage and subsequent transport.

• Solar Energy
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.11-19
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• 2000

In this study, the basic data which were required for development of LHSS(latent heat storage system) were experimentally obtained. Experiments were carried out under the following conditions. The initial temperatures of P.C.M. which were used by parameter is $5^{\circ}C,\;9^{\circ}C$ and $14^{\circ}C$. The conditions of working fluid are $-6^{\circ}C,\;-4^{\circ}C$, and $65{\ell}$/min.. The pure water of which the freezing point is $0^{\circ}C$ was filled in the system, and the Ethylene glycol(brine) was circulated through the 10 vertical tubes as a secondary fluid in order to cool the P.C.M. down. The inlet temperature of the secondary fluid and the initial temperature of the water were varied to investigate the effects of the important design parameters. The phenomenons of temperature conversion of P.C.M. were appeared for the conductive heat transfer and free convective heat transfer by buoyancy force in this storage unit system. In order to find the effective water circulation path, we obtained P.CM. temperature distributions of 5 parts in the storage tank during freezing process.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to maintain high efficiency and reasonable use of cool thermal storage systems operated in the domestic building sector. As the result of efficiency test from the five types of operated cool storage systems on the condition that COP ranges are 2.6 to 3.4 during the day time and 2.1 to 3.0 during the night time and it decreased by more than 30% of rated COP given 3.8 to 3.0. The Analysis of cool storage rate shows that only 3 (21.4%) systems out of 15 buildings hold to over 40% capacity for its total capacity. To prevent the decrease in operating efficiency, it should correct the malfunction of 3-way valve and expansion valve and the mistake of control values for schedule program and increase cooling tower capacity. In order to improve piping line, it needs bypass brine line off refrigerator, separation of chilled water line with Ice Slurry system at day and night time and speed control of chilled and warm water pumps. This study does require the more studies on improving difficulty of increasing cooling load with Ice on Coil system, waterproofing with Ice Ball system, COP drop during the night time with Ice Lens, low operating temperature during the day time with Ice Slurry and increasing of Power loss due to hot gas de-icing with Ice Harvest in the future.