• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.23 no.2_2
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• pp.289-299
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• 2020

The composition of convergence cross-section of the material is a technique that provides reasonable design and construction of structures. It is frequently used in medium-sized bridges and architectural structures. However, the structural behavioral spare capacity enhancement of the structure by the application of the convergence cross-section is still limited by the expandability due to the limiting state of each material. In order to overcome these limitations, this study reasonably analyzed the construction stages before and after the convergence cross-section constructed and developed a technique for forming multi-point boundary conditions using struts, which are compression members. Based on the existing cases, a reasonable construction step for forming the material composite section of the entire structural system of the structure was derived, and a numerical analysis model for a specific part was constructed to analyze the behavior of the strut application. As a result of this study, the effect of reducing the sectional force of 7.40% in beam-column joint and 6.31% in the center of girder was derived, and the deflection, which is a measure of the serviceability of the structure, improved by 54.41% from the installation and dismantling of strut members at each construction stage.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.28-34
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• 2017

The authors derived the criteria on the process parameters of laser depositions with metal powers(SUS316L & IN718) by evaluating the surface and cross-section properties of the deposition layers. The surface characteristics of the deposition layer are investigated through optical microscopy by controlling the process parameters of laser output, powder feeding rate and gas feeding rate. The cross-section characteristics were also analyzed after polishing and chemical etching process. As the gas feeding rate increased, the amount of powder loss increased and the difference in the dilution ratio and heat affected zone depending on laser outputs was observed. In addition, the powder feeding rate used in the experiment did not interfere with the energy absorption of the base material.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.6A
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• pp.581-590
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• 2010

This study introduces a layered sectional analysis for a PSC girder with a vaiable cross section and curved tendons. To consider the shear equilibrium at a concrete layer with curved tendons, the shear stress distribution has been computed at each section. In addition, to improve the convergence to the solution, a system identification technique is newly adopted in the solution process for strain computation. To examine the feasibility of the proposed approach, a static load test has been conducted for a full scale PSC girder with variable cross section. The prediction shows a good agreement with experiment. It is seen that a uniform cross section has the same moment capacity with a variable cross section while the variable cross section has more shear capacity than the uniform cross section. It is also noted that the maximum displacement of a variable cross section is a little smaller than a uniform cross section.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.17-22
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• 2016

In this study, we compared the physical and chemical properties evaluation for each size in the SUS316L metal powder produced by water atomization and gas atomization. and we analyzed the experimental data in order to find the basis of a suitable metal powder (SUS316L) for DED (Direct Energy Deposition) processing. Also it evaluated the properties of each layered surface and cross section according to the number of deposition and deposition speed. In the result of optical microscopy measurements, the metal powder by water atomization was the crack generated between the deposition layer, the deposition layer was poor quality. However, metal powder by gas atomization was obtained a relatively good deposition results than metal powder by water atomization.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.571-595
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• 2010

This research applies an panel data stationarity and stochastic convergence test developed by Carrion-i-Silvestre et al. (2005), which has the advantage of considering multiple structural breaks and the presence of cross-section dependence in order to investigate the hypothesis that relative emission $CO_2$ per capita stochastically converge for 11 Asian countries from 1971~2007. We find that relative emission $CO_2$ per capita is stationary after the structural breaks and cross-section dependence are introduced into the model. We also investigate whether Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis exists in 11 Asian countries. For EKC test, using the panel cointegration tests of Banerjee and Carrion-i-Silvestre (2006) and Westerlund and Edgerton(2007), we find that relative emission $CO_2$ per capita and relative GDP per capita are cointegrated. However EKC hypothesis in 11 Asian countries is not supported.

• Applied Science and Convergence Technology
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.91-94
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• 2017

AThe effect of localized surface plasmon on silicon substrates was studied using silver nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were formed by self-arrangement through the surface energy using rapid thermal annealing (RTA) technique after the thin nanolayer of silver was deposited by thermal evaporation. By the theoretical calculation based on Mie scattering and dielectric function of air, indium tin oxide (ITO), and silver, the strong peak of scattering cross section of silver nanoparticles was found at 358 nm for air, and 460 nm for ITO, respectively. Accordingly, the strong suppression of reflectance under the condition of induced light of $30^{\circ}$ occurred at the specific wavelength which is almost in accordance with peak of scattering cross section. When the external quantum efficiency was measured using silicon solar cells with silver nanoparticles, there was small enhancement peak near the 460 nm wavelength in which the light was resonated between silver nanoparticles and ITO.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.125-131
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• 2010

This study is to give more accurate information by performing the time depend ent analysis to take into account the long-term losses of precast PSC concrete bridge and analyzing the second stress, final camber and cross section stress of precast PSC caused by creep and drying shrinkage. As time goes by, the stress and deformation in the cross section vary continuously by the influence of creep and drying shrinkage. Due to this, the stress redistribution occurs and the internal force variation also happens along the point on the same cross section and with the passage of time.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.16 no.1 s.68
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• pp.81-89
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• 2004

The vibration analysis of the circular arch as a member of a structure has been an important subject of mechanics due to its various applications to many industrial fields. In particular, circular arches with variable cross section are widely used to optimize the distribution of weight and strength and to satisfy special architectural and functional requirements. The Generalized Differential Quadrature Method (GDQM) and Differential Transformation Method (DTM) were recently proposed by Shu and Zou, respectively. In this study, GDQM and DTM were applied to the vibration analysis of circular arches with variable cross section. The governing equations of motion for circular arches with variable cross section were derived. The concepts of Differential Transformation and Generalized Differential Quadrature were briefly introduced. The non-dimensionless natural frequencies of circular arches with variable cross section were obtained for various boundary conditions. The results obtained using these methods were compared with those of previous works. GDQM and DTM showed fast convergence, accuracy, efficiency, and validity in solving the vibration problem of circular arches with variable cross section.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.12-22
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• 2017

It is important to predict accurately reverberation level, which is a limiting factor in underwater target detection. Recently, the studies have been expanded from monostatic sonar to bistatic sonar in which source and receivers are separated. To simulate the bistatic reverberation level, the computation processes for propagation, scattering strength, and scattering cross section are different from those in monostatic case and more complex computation processes are required. Although there have been many researches for bistatic reverberation, few studies have assessed the bistatic scattering cross section which is a key factor in simulate reverberation level. In this paper, a new method to estimate the bistatic scattering cross section is suggested, which uses the area of intersection between two circles. Finally, the reverberation levels simulated with the scattering cross section estimated using the method suggested in this paper are compared with those estimated using the methods previously suggested and those measured from an acoustic measurements conducted in May 2013.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.16 no.10 s.115
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• pp.1024-1035
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• 2006

A three-dimensional (3-D) method of analysis is presented for determining the free vibration frequencies and mode shapes of thick, complete (circumferentially closed), circular rings with an elliptical or circular cross-section. Displacement components $u_r,\;u_\theta\;and\;u_z$ in the radial, circumferential, and axial directions, respectively, are taken to be periodic in ${\theta}$ and in time, and algebraic polynomials in the r and z directions. Potential (strain) and kinetic energies of the circular rings are formulated, and upper bound values of the frequencies are obtained by minimizing the frequencies. As the degree of the polynomials is increased, frequencies converge to the exact values. Convergence to four-digit exactitude is demonstrated for the first five frequencies of the rings. Novel numerical results are presented for the circular rings having an elliptical cross-section based upon 3-D theory. Comparisons are also made between the frequencies from the present 3-D Ritz method and ones obtained from thin and thick ring theories, experiments, and another 3-D method.