• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제39권5호
• /
• pp.292-297
• /
• 2006

호남평야지에서 건답직파 조기파종재배에 알맞은 완효성복합비료 시용량을 구명하고자 '97~'98년에 호남농업시험장 수도포장인 전북통(미사질양토)에서 동진벼를 공시하여 시험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 토양의 암모니아태 질소는 유수형성기까지는 관행시비보다 모든 완효성비료 시비에서 많았고 완효성비료 시용량이 많을수록 많았으나 출수기에는 이삭거름시용으로 관행시비가 완효성비료보다 많았다. 초장은 최고 분얼기까지는 관행시비보다 완효성비료시비에서 길었으나 간장은 완효성비료 100%시용을 제외하고는 관행시비와 같거나 짧았다. 경수와 수수는 모든 생육시기에서 관행시비보다 완효성비료시용에서 많았고 완효성비료 시용량이 많을수록 많았으나 유효경비율은 정수 및 수수와 반대의 경향이었다. 질소 이용율은 관행시비보다 완효성비료시용에서 높았고 완효성비료 시용량이 많을수록 감소되는 경향이었다. 단위면적당 입수는 관행시비보다 완효성비료를 증시할수록 많았으나 현미 천립중은 단위면적당 입수와 반대의 경향이었다. 쌀 수량은 완효성비료 60% 시비는 관행시비와 차이가 없었으나 완효성비료 80%이상에서는 관행시비보다 증수되었다. 이상에서와 같이 질소이용율, 생육, 도복 및 수량을 고려한 벼 건답직파 조기파종 재배에 알맞은 완효성비료 전층시비량은 질소관행 시비량의 80%정도라고 판단된다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제36권5호
• /
• pp.304-310
• /
• 2003

채소를 연속 재배하는 시설재배지에서 화학비료와 돈분퇴비시용이 토양의 화학성과 생물상에 미치는 영향을 알기 위해 양분공급량별 토양 화학성 및 생물상변화와 토양효소활성 등의 변동에 대한 연구결과 작기별 수량은 1-2작 상추재배의 경우 표준시비구나 농가 관행시비구에 비하여 토양검정시비구에서 증가하였으며, 3작 시금치 재배에서는 질소비료와 돈분퇴비 시용량이 많은 농가 관행시비구에서 오히려 감수되었다. 토양 미소동물상은 처리간에 일정한 경향이 없었으며, 연 3작까지 표준시비나 토양검정에 의한 화학비료와 돈분퇴비를 시용할 경우 dehydrogenase는 $32-47{\mu}g\;TFP\;g\;soil^{-1}\;d^{-1}$, phosphatase는 $60-63{\mu}g\;TFP\;g\;soil^{-1}\;d^{-1}$이었으나, 농가 관행수준의 화학비료와 돈분퇴비가 시용된 처리구의 dehydrogenase와 phosphatase 활성은 각각 63, $89{\mu}g\;TFP\;g\;soil^{-1}\;d^{-1}$ 으로 표준시비구나 토양검정구에 비해 증가되었다. 또한, 연 3작 기간동안 $76Mg\;ha^{-1}$의 돈분퇴비가 시용된 농가관행구의 토양유기물 함량과 토양유효인산 함량의 증가는 각각 50, 23%이었다. 따라서 시설재배지에서 가축분퇴비를 시용하면서 연중 작물을 재배할 경우에는 건전한 토양환경의 유지를 위해 토양검정결과를 토대로 하여 가축분퇴비 중의 양분을 고려하면서 시용할 필요성이 강조되어야 할 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국농공학회 2005년도 학술발표논문집
• /
• pp.643-648
• /
• 2005

The objective of this paper is to analyze the environmental effects by the fertilizer change with wastewater reuse for agriculture. For this research, Lysimeter tests are being implemented to cultivate rice with different levels of fertilizer applications with wastewater irrigation., and to analyze the nutrient loading by wastwater reuse in paddy fields was examined the CREAMS-PADDY model. CREAMS-PADDY model is modified from CREAMS model for considering the hydrologic cycles in paddy field. As a result, in the lysimeter treated by irrigation with wastewater and chemical fertilizer with half of the conventional amount showed generally similar tendency to the control plot. This may require the modifications of standard cultural practices for rice in terms of fertilizer and pesticide applications. However, high concentration of sodium in wastewater might cause damage to physico-chemical properties of paddy soil. And the wastewater reuse effects on nutrient loads were quantitatively analyzed and this results provide the reasonable management for agricultural reuse.

• 환경생물
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.327-334
• /
• 2014

Emission reduction of $CH_4$ (methane gas) from rice paddy soil is a very important measure for climate change mitigation in agricultural sector. In this study, we investigated the changes in crop yield and $CH_4$ emissions in response to application of biochar and fertilizers. The experimental site is located in Hwasung, Kyunggido and experimental design is the split-plot method with three replicates. Treatments included rice straw (RS) and biochar (BC) amendments nested with the conventional NPK fertilizer (NPK) and slow release fertilizer (SRF). Control was also prepared with the soil with the conventional NPK fertilization with no amendment. Measurement of $CH_4$ emission was conducted during the growing season of 2014 using a dynamic chamber method. The results showed that application of rice straw increased daily $CH_4$ emission rate by 15%, while application of biochar reduced daily $CH_4$ emission rate by 38%. When we combined biochar application with slow release fertilizer, $CH_4$ emission was reduced by 45%. Further, the crop yield was also increased in all treatments compared with the control except for the treatment of rice straw application with slow release fertilizer. Overall results imply that biochar amendment to agricultural soil can be an effective strategy to decrease annual $CH_4$ emission with no reduction in crop yield.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제49권5호
• /
• pp.517-523
• /
• 2016

The contents of functional components in the organically agricultural perilla leaves were compared with the perilla leaves grown in conventional condition. Perilla leaves used in the experiment were purchased or harvested from each three organic farm houses and conventional farm houses in Miryang city. The analyzed components included total phenol, total flavonoid, vitamin C, vitamin E, ${\beta}$-carotene, GABA, caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, Total N, Zn, Fe, Ca, Mg, Na, K, and P. Organically grown perilla leaves had vitamin E 49% greater than the conventional perilla leaves, and 21% for TN, 29% for Ca, and 73% for Mg, while conventionally grown perilla leaves contained K 16% higher than organic ones. Other components were not showed the differences.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제95권2호
• /
• pp.177-182
• /
• 2006

Little information is available on soil $CO_2$ efflux and crop yield under agroforestry systems. Soil $CO_2$ efflux, microbial biomass C, live fine root biomass, and cotton yield were measured under a pecan (Carya illinoinensis K. Koch)-cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) alley cropping system in southern USA. A belowground polyethylene root barrier was used to isolate tree roots from cotton which is to provide barrier and non-barrier treatments. The barrier and non-barrier treatment was randomly divided into three plots for conventional inorganic fertilizer application and the other three plots for organic poultry litter application. The rate of soil $CO_2$ efflux and the soil microbial biomass C were affected significantly (P < 0.05) by the fertilizer treatment while no significant effect of the barrier treatment was occurred. Cotton lint yield was significantly (P < 0.0 I) affected by the root barrier treatment while no effect was occurred by the fertilizer treatment with the yields being greatest ($521.2kg\;ha^{-1}$) in the root barrier ${\times}$ inorganic fertilizer treatment and lowest ($159.8kg\;ha^{-1}$) in the non-barrier ${\times}$ inorganic fertilizer treatment. The results suggest that the separation of tree-crop root systems with the application of inorganic fertilizer influence the soil moisture and soil N availability, which in tum will affect the magnitude of crop yield.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.72-77
• /
• 1993

피복요소복합비료(被覆尿素複合肥料) 시용과 벼 생육(生育) 및 미질(米質)과의 관련성을 밝히기 위하여 벼 측조시비용인 피복요소복합비료(18-12-13)를 공시하여, 피복요소복합비료 전량처리구(CUC I)와 피복요소복합비료 50%와 속효성비료 50% 혼합처리구 (CUC II)로 식양토(埴壤土)(덕평통(德坪統))와 사양토(砂壤土)(강서통(江西統))에서 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 벼 잎색도(色度)는 전층(全層)시비와 측조(側條)시비 모두 토성(土性)에 관계 없이 벼 생육후기(生育後期)에는 피복요소복합비료시용구에서 높았다. 2. 질소흡수량(窒素吸收量)은 관행에 비하여 피복요소복합비료 시용구에서 많았고, 피복요소복합비료 II시용구보다 피복요소복합비료 I시용구에서 많았다. 3. 수확지수(收穫指數)는 피복요소복합비료 시용구에서 낮았고, 속효성 비료 혼합시용에 의해 그 정도를 줄일 수 있었다. 4. 피복요소복합비료시용은 완전미율(完全米率)이 감소(減少)되었고, 불완전미중(不完全米中)의 동할미율(胴割米率)이 현저히 증가되었으며, 미립중(米粒中)의 Hon치(値)(Mg/K.N)는 감소된 반면, 단백질(蛋白質), amylose 함량은 증가 되었다. 5. 취반특성(炊飯特性)인 호응집성(糊凝集性)(gel consistency)과 알칼리 붕괴도(崩壞度)(asv)는 피복요소복합비료시용에 의해 각각 길어지고, 낮아졌다. 6. 이상의 결과에서 미질(米質)은 피복요소복합비료 시용에 의해 나빠지는 경향이었고, 속효성비료(速效性肥料) 혼합(混合)시용에 의해 어느 정도 방지(防止)할 수 있었다.

• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제42권4호
• /
• pp.418-426
• /
• 2023

This study focused on nitrous oxide, a major greenhouse gas produced in agricultural settings through bacterial nitrogen oxidation in aerobic soil. Nitrogen fertilizer in farmland is identified as a primary source of nitrous oxide. The importance of reducing excess nitrogen in soil to mitigate nitrous oxide production is well-known. The study investigated the use of liquefied pig manure as an alternative to urea fertilizer in conventional agriculture. Results showed a more than two-fold reduction in nitrous oxide emissions in pepper cultivation areas with liquefied pig manure compared to that with urea fertilizer. The population of Nitrosospira, a nitrous oxide-producing bacterium, decreased by over 10% with liquefied pig manure. Additionally, nirK and nosZ, which are related to the denitrification process, significantly increased in the urea fertilizer group, whereas levels in the liquefied pig manure group resembled those with no nitrogen treatment. In conclusion, the experiment confirmed that liquefied pig manure can serve as an eco-friendly nitrogen fertilizer, significantly reducing nitrous oxide production, a major contributor to the atmospheric greenhouse effect.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
• /
• pp.356-356
• /
• 2017

A field experiment was performed to evaluate the effects of tillage systems and fertilizer management on yield and nutrient uptake in Soybean. The plant height, fresh weight and dry weight of conventional tillage were much higher those observed for no-tillage. Significant differences in plant height were observed under tillage practices combined with fertilizer treatment. However, the greatest plant height (128.47 cm) was observed in conventional tillage with chemical fertilizer, and the lowest (45.4 cm) was observed in the no-tillage with green manure treatment. The highest fresh weight (172.4 g) and dry weight (44.1 g) were observed from the no-tillage chemical treatment in the late flowering stage of soybean. The plant concentration of nitrate was higher (2.29%) in no-tillage with green manure than it was with chemical fertilization. However, nitrogen increased steadily in all treatments, and the highest quantity of total nitrogen (476.7 Kg/ha) was observed in no-tillage with green manure. The N content in the soil decreased gradually just after the vegetative stage. Tillage practices and additional fertilizer application had an adverse effect on the uptake of N, P and K in soybean seeds. The nitrogen concentration in seeds was found to be increased in the no-tillage with green manure treatment. The uptake of more nitrogen induced a better yield. Thus, the no-tillage with green manure treatment had the greatest yield, although no significant difference was observed among foliar-applications and additional fertilization. Additionally, the phosphorus and potassium concentrations in seeds remained the same between the conventional tillage and no-tillage treatments. The results obtained in this study indicate that no-tillage strategies with fertilizers may influence the growth characteristics and mineral uptake in soybean.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제47권2호
• /
• pp.120-126
• /
• 2014

An accurate analysis of nutrient balance in different cropping systems is necessary for improving soil fertilities, causing higher crop yields and quality. This study was carried out to investigate the nutrient balance, changes in soil properties, and their effects on crop yield in long-term field cultivation under mono- and rotation-cropping systems (MCS and RCS, respectively). The analytical results of the soil properties showed that the application of mineral fertilizers alone in the MCS leads the reduction of soil CEC, exchangeable Ca, and microbial biomass C and N. Compared with the MCS of soybean, the RCS of soybean and barley significantly improved the soil properties, which increased crop yield. It might be due to the barley residue added to the RCS soil. Mean nutrient balances for 4 years were -55.9 kg N, +34.7 kg $P_2O_5$, and -0.3 kg $K_2O$ $ha^{-1}$ for the MCS and +19.7 kg N, +107.4 kg $P_2O_5$, and -48.6 kg $K_2O$ $ha^{-1}$ for the RCS, respectively. These nutrient imbalances mean that conventional fertilizer recommendations were inadequate for maintaining soil nutrient balance. From these results, we can conclude that the crop rotation may change comprehensive physical, chemical, and biological soil properties. These changes could affect the nutrient balance and then the crop yield.