• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.8 no.10
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• pp.3394-3408
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• 2014

Conventional mobile state (MS) and base station (BS) association based on average signal strength often results in imbalance of cell load which may require more powerful processor at BSs and degrades the perceived transmission rate of MSs. To deal with this problem, a Markov decision process (MDP) for load balancing in a multi-cell system with multi-carriers is formulated. To solve the problem, exploiting Sarsa algorithm of on-line learning type [12], ${\alpha}$-controllable load balancing algorithm is proposed. It is designed to control tradeoff between the cell load deviation of BSs and the perceived transmission rates of MSs. We also propose an ${\varepsilon}$-differential soft greedy policy for on-line learning which is proven to be asymptotically convergent to the optimal greedy policy under some condition. Simulation results verify that the ${\alpha}$-controllable load balancing algorithm controls the behavior of the algorithm depending on the choice of ${\alpha}$. It is shown to be very efficient in balancing cell loads of BSs with low ${\alpha}$.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.725-735
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• 2016

A pair of bodies rolling on each other is an interesting example of nonholonomic systems in control theory. There is a geometric condition equivalent to the rolling constraint which enables us to generalize the rolling motions for any two-dimensional Riemannian manifolds. This system has a five-dimensional phase space. In order to study the controllability of the rolling surfaces, we lift the system to a six-dimensional space and show that the lifted system is controllable unless the two surfaces have isometric universal covering spaces. In the non-controllable case there are some three-dimensional orbits each of which corresponds to an isometry of the universal covering spaces.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2014

In this paper, we show that general nonlinear switched systems are asymptotically controllable if and only if there exist control-Lyapunov functions for their relaxation systems. If the switching signal is dependent on the time, then the control-Lyapunov functions are continuous. And if the switching signal is dependent on the state, then the control-Lyapunov functions are $C^1$-smooth. We obtain the results from the viewpoint of control system theory. Our approach is based on the relaxation theorems of differential inclusions and the classic Lyapunov characterization.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.71-77
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• 2009

Using the results of the expected busy periods for the dyadic Min(N, D) and Max(N, D) operating policies in a controllable M/G/1 queueing model, an important relation between them is derived. The derived relation represents the complementary property between two operating policies. This implies that it could be possible to obtained desired system characteristics for one of the two operating policies from the corresponding known system characteristics for the other policy. Then, upper and lower bounds of expected busy periods for both dyadic operating policies are also derived.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1996.10b
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• pp.44-47
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• 1996

Bang-bang control law provides the optimal solution for a minimum-time control problem, but ignores the intermediate path except for the initial and final points. In this paper, a near minimum-time suboptimal fuzzy logic controller is introduced that can control the intermediate path. A dynamic model for a system is established using the average dynamics method of linearization. System model is continuously updated over the control time periods. This makes it suitable for high speed or variable payload applications. Bang-bang control theory is modified and used to derive the preliminary control law. A fuzzy logic algorithm is then applied to adjust and find the best solution. The solution will provide the suboptimal minimum-time control law which can avoid obstacles in the workspace.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.1000-1005
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• 2004

Many different polymeric materials are introduced fur the alternative solutions of electro-mechanical actuators. Although light weight and grate flexibility of the material deserves notable attention from enormous publications, few of the publication has discussed feasibility study for actual industrial applications. Most of the previous work demonstrated plain movement of the material without delineating any design concept that guarantees 'controllable action'. The present work introduces a noble design concept that provides controllable action and the concept is verified through a modeling and a simulation of the actuation method.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.11 no.1 s.20
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• pp.38-45
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• 2007

A new 8-bit single-slope ADC using analog RAMP generator with digitally controllable dynamic range has been proposed and simulated for column level or per-pixel CMOS image sensor application. The conversion gain of ADC can he controlled easily by using frequency divider with digitally controllable diviber ratio, coarse/fine RAMP with class-AB op-amp, resistor strings, decoder, comparator, and etc. The chip area and power consumption can be decreased by simplified analog circuits and passive components. Proposed frequency divider has been implemented and verified with 0.65um, 2-poly, 2-metal standard CMOS process. And the functional verification has been simulated and accomplished in a 0.35$\mu$m standard CMOS process.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.07b
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• pp.1157-1160
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• 2005

In order to improve the image quality of a large size LCD-TV, the Area-Focused Luminance Control (AFLC) technology with data processing algorithm has been developed. The AFLC backlight consists of 16 U-shaped lamps, and controllable areas are divided into 8 blocks. Based on the AFLC technology, the backlight luminance of each block is automatically and separately controllable. Consequently, the contrast ratio is greatly enhanced whereas the corresponding power consumption is decreased as compared with those of conventional backlights.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1999.07c
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• pp.1035-1038
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• 1999

To improve the damping of all poorly damped oscillation modes, a control strategy of Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) based on energy method is presented in this Paper As a synchronous voltage-sourced inverter, SSSC is used to provide controllable series compensation. SSSC can provide controllable compensating voltage over an identical capacitive and inductive range. The damping effect of control strategy based on energy function is robustness with respect to loading condition, fault location and network configuration. Furthermore, the control inputs are based on local signals. In two area system, the effect of damping inter-area mode oscillation is demonstrated by the robust control strategy of SSSC.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1999.07c
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• pp.1158-1160
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• 1999

This paper proposes a SSSC(Static Synchronous Series Compensator) power flow model to be incorporated into power flow calculation for the steady state analysis of the power system. SSSC provides controllable compensating voltage, which is in quadrature with the line current, over an capacitive and an inductive range, independently of the magnitude of the line current. This SSSC model is obtained from the injection model for series connected VSC(Voltage Source Converter) by adding a constraint that the injected voltage should be in quadrature with the line current. In this paper the static model is implemented into the continuation power-flow (CPF) program. It is shown that SSSC has its intrinsic superiority over TCSC in controllable power flow range.