• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.430-437
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• 2012

The effects of low temperature and starvation on the physiochemical characteristics of the muscle of the olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus, were examined. Fish were deprived of feed for 28 days at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and $20^{\circ}C$ in order to establish suitable conditions for live fish transportation. Throughout most of the 4 weeks of feed restriction, the physiochemical characteristics of the muscle of olive flounder were found to be dependent on the acclimation temperature. The breaking strength of muscle did not show a significant reduction during feed restriction at 2 and $4^{\circ}C$. With increasing temperatures, however, the breaking strength of muscle differed significantly according to the individual and feed restriction period (P<0.05). The moisture content in muscle acclimated at 10, 12, and $20^{\circ}C$ increased steadily over the feed-restriction period, while the crude lipid content decreased during the same period (P<0.05). At water temperatures above $2-8^{\circ}C$, no significant differences were shown during the same period. After it reached 6, 8, 10, 12, and $20^{\circ}C$, the muscle had an accumulation of lactate, and a loss of ATP. There was no change in the lactate or ATP content during the feed restriction period at 2 and $4^{\circ}C$, although there were differences among the water temperature groups. These results clearly show that temperature can have an important influence on the of muscle of physiochemical characteristics of muscle during live fish transportation.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.115-121
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• 2014

This study was performed to investigate the effect of conidial density, wetness period and temperature on conidial germination, appressoria formation and disease incidence. While there was not significantly correlated between conidial density and temperature, and conidial germination and appressoria formation, there was a significant correlation between those factors and disease incidence. The longer wetness period was, the higher the ratio of conidial germination, appressoria formation and the disease incidence was. The optimum conidial density, temperature and wetness period was $1{\times}10^6$ conidia $mL^{-1}$, $30^{\circ}C$ and 5 days, respectively. In case the wetness period was more than 5 days, the typical symptom was not found on pepper fruits because of the overgrowth of mycelia. Using this fruit assay method, which the pepper anthracnose pathogens were inoculated by spraying spore suspension on non-wounded or wounded pepper fruits, control effect of three fungicides were evaluated against pepper anthracnose by the protective and/or the curative application. Propineb showed high protective control activity, while it showed curative control activity on unwounded fruits, but did not showed curative control activity on wounded fruits. Tebuconazole, one of curative fungicide, showed higher control activity in non-wound inoculation than wound inoculation. Trifloxystrobin, one of strobilurin group, showed high both protective and control activity against anthracnose. In conclusion, we supposed that the newly developed in vitro pepper fruit assay can be used to evaluate antifungal activity of control agents against pepper anthracnose.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.1501-1505
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• 2008

A broiler experiment was conducted to compare the effects of duration and level of iron-methionine chelate (Fe-Met) supplementation on the iron, copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) content of broiler meat. Two hundred and fifty hatched Ross broiler chickens were randomly assigned to 5 dietary treatments. Each treatment had 5 replicates of 10 birds (5 males and 5 females) each. Birds were housed in raised floor batteries and fed traditional broiler diets ad libitum for 5 weeks. Dietary treatments were as follows: Control and two levels of Fe-Met (100 or 200 ppm in Fe) supplemented for either the whole period (0-5 wk) or grower period (4-5 wk). Production performance was not significantly affected by treatments. Iron content in the muscles (breast, leg and wing) and organs (liver and spleen) were significantly (p<0.05) increased as the level and duration of Fe-Met supplementation increased. The highest concentration of iron was shown in Fe-Met 200 fed for the whole period. Liver contained the highest amount of iron followed by spleen, leg muscle, wing muscle and breast muscle. Supplementation of Fe-Met 200 for the grower period resulted in higher iron concentration in liver and spleen than supplementation of Fe-Met 100 for the whole period. However, the same treatment resulted in lower iron concentration in muscles (breast, leg and wing) than the treatment of Fe-Met 100 for the whole period. In order to achieve the highest iron enrichment in the muscles, Fe-Met should be supplemented at 200 ppm in Fe for the whole period (5 wks). Fe-Met supplementation increased copper concentration in all muscles and organs except wing muscle. Zinc concentration decreased in breast and wing muscle but tended to increase in leg muscle, liver and spleen by Fe-Met 200 supplementation. Color of muscle was not significantly affected by Fe-Met treatments. However, redness of leg and breast muscle, and yellowness of leg and breast muscle tended to increase by supplementation of Fe-Met for the whole period. It was concluded that iron content of broiler meat can be effectively enriched by supplementation of 200 ppm of Fe as Fe-Met for 5 wks.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.365-369
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• 1992

To investigate the effect of onion on kimchi fermentation, the changes on the pH, total acidity and total sugar content of kimchi with the addition of different amouts (5%, 10% and 15%) of onion were measured and the odor and taste evaluation was conducted during fermentation at $14^{\circ}C$ for 20 days. As the fermentation period increased, fermentation rate of kimchi contained onion was higher in 5% onion and was lower in 10% and 15% onion than that of control kimchi, sensory evaluation score of onion kimchi was lower in 5% onion and higher in 10% and 15% onion than that of control kimchi.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.652-657
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• 2004

As the real-time multimedia applications through Internet increase, the bandwidth available to TCP connections is oppressed by the UDP traffic, result in the performance of overall system is extremely deteriorated. Therefore, developing a new transmission protocol is necessary. The TCP-friendly algorithm is an example meeting this necessity. The TCP-friendly (TFRC) is an UDP-based protocol that controls the transmission rate based on the available round transmission time (RTT) and the packet loss rate (PLR). In the data transmission processing, transmission rate is determined based on the conditions of the previous transmission period. If the one-step ahead predicted values of the control factors are available, the performance will be improved significantly. This paper proposes a prediction model of transmission rate control factors that will be used for the transmission rate control, which improves the performance of the networks. The model developed through this research is predicting one-step ahead variables of RTT and PLR. A multiplayer perceptron neural network is used as the prediction model and Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm is used for the training. The values of RTT and PLR were collected using TFRC protocol in the real system. The obtained prediction model is validated using new data set and the results show that the obtained model predicts the factors accurately.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.24 no.1 s.173
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• pp.182-189
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• 2000

This paper presents the real time control method of 5-axis NC machine for high precision and productivity based on the curvature theory, of a ruled surface. The trajectory, of NC machine is described by, way of a ruled surface generated by the points on part surface and tool axis direction vector. The curvature theory, of a ruled surface is then applied to deter-mine the motion parameters of the 5-axis machine for control. The controller computes position, orientation, and differential motion parameters of the tool in each sampling period. The real-time approach produces smoother surfaces and requires substantially less machining time compared to conventional off-line approaches. The propose real-time control method based of the curvature theory of a ruled surface may give new methodology of precision 5-axis machine control.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.268-273
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• 2001

This study was performed to investigate the effects of HBM(Healthy Body Maker) on the weight loss and serum cholesterol level of rats. Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200$\pm$5g were grouped into 2. Rats were raised for 6 weeks with diet containing 0% and 5% of HBM. 1. There were no clinical signs for all the experimental period(6 weeks) in 0% and 5% groups. 2. At 3 and 6 weeks. body weight of 5% HBM group was significantly lower than that of control group. respectively(p<0.05, p<0.01). 3. At 4 weeks. the level of MCHC of 5% HBM group was significantly higher than that of control group(p<0.01) And at 6 weeks the level of RBC and Hct of 5% HBM group were significantly higher than those of control group(p<0.05) 4. At 6 weeks. the level of serum cholesterol of 5% HBM group was significantly lower than that of control group. 5. Absolute liver weight of 5% HBM group was significantly lower than that of control group(p<0.05). 6. Minor subaceous sickness of liver cell in the control group appeared but no symptom of liver cell in 5% HBM group. It is concluded that HBM was a safe and effective diet food which aided in inducing weight loss in rat without any observed harmful clinical side effects.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.392-401
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• 2014

A fast-transient repetitive control strategy for a three-phase shunt active power filter is presented in this study to improve dynamic performance without sacrificing steady-state accuracy. The proposed approach requires one-sixth of the fundamental period required by conventional repetitive control methods as the repetitive control time delay in the synchronous reference frames. Therefore, the proposed method allows the system to achieve a fast dynamic response, and the program occupies minimal storage space. A proportional-integral regulator is also added to the current control loop to eliminate arbitrary-order harmonics and ensure system stability under severe harmonic distortion conditions. The design process of the corrector in the fast-transient repetitive controller is also presented in detail. The LCL filter resonance problem is avoided by the appropriately designed corrector, which increases the margin of system stability and maintains the original compensation current tracking accuracy. Finally, experimental results are presented to verify the feasibility of the proposed strategy.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.110-113
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• 2011

Platform Screen Door, PSD, is a device that seeks to prevent accidents with regards to falling off the platform and getting trapped between the trains, achieve improvements on the cleanliness of the air, address the accessibility issue of the disabled and the elderly and provide fresher environment on the platform in general. This is achieved by preventing health hazards and accidents from occurring through installation of fixed and moving doors between rail, tram and subway platforms and the railway. Domestic firms have achieved domestic production to a large degree in various Control Units including the Overall Control Unit and RF devices through investments in technology. Despite this, full domestic production of the core of the PSD system, Door Control Unit, DCU, is not yet achieved, having to install PSDs in a relatively short period of time. Currently, controllers with DC motors are developed for installation or one is faced with having to import foreign produced controllers. In this research, the control unit prototype using the BLDC motor was domestically produced. The performance of the control unit was rigorously tested through installation on Eun-Ha Rail on Wol-Mi Island.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.85-95
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• 1991

All physical systems are nonlinear to some degree. The examples are relay, backlash, deadzone, saturation element and so on. In the linear control system design, it is useful method to restrict the nonlinearity to the linearity of system over the operation range. It is worth noting that nonlinearities may be intentionally introduced in to a system. A simple of an intentional non-linearity is the Bang-Bang controller which uses the On-Off relay. In this paper, an angular position servosystem made of a DC servomotor controlled by a microcomputer is discribed. Authors use two methods in the design of controller. The one is linear controller designed by the optimal feedback control theory only and the other is nonlinear controller designed by On-Off relay with optimal feedback control theory. To do the real time control, the controller is designed by using 16bit personal computer and A/D.D/A converter(12bit) is used in order to convert the signal. According to this way, the results from real time control are as follows. 2) Under the On-Off controller with hysterisis the influence of disturbance is considerably smaller than the linerar controller. 3) An increase in the sampling period has a destabilizing effect. 4)In the controller performance, the response time of the On-Off controller is longer than that of the linear controller. To close, we note that the On-Off controller with hysterisis is more attractive than the linear controller in the presence of the input limit.