• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.330-339
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• 2011

This study was to investigate effects of instruction using the history of science on elementary school students' science learning motivation. Subjects were 48 students of two groups in the 5th Grade in Bucheon City. A Experimental group of 24 was instructed 20 lessons in Unit 1~7 using the history of science for a 11-week period. In this study, the instructional contents were selected by stories about scientists, discoveries or anecdotes about natural phenomena and related learning topics in national science curriculum. And they are presented by writings with pictures, cartoons, PPT materials and a script. Students play various learning activities such as exchanging opinions after reading instructional content, making a book or a newspaper, playing in a drama and representing by picture. A control group of 24 was instructed by traditional teaching methods in same period. To compare difference of instruction effects of the two groups, the score of pre-test and post-test were both estimated by t-test. The results of the study were as follows. Students of experimental group showed statistically a more significant increase in the science learning motivation than control group students (p<.05). Each of attention (A), relevance (R), satisfaction (S) sub-elements of learning motivation were higher in the experimental group and it was showed the instruction using the history of science was effective in improving of science learning motivation.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.141-149
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• 2003

This study investigated the effect of gender grouping on cooperative learning on the basis of student achievement and science-teaming attitude. Homogeneous and heterogeneous gender groupings were used in the treatment groups for the learning strategies of earth science. Traditional instruction was performed for the control group. Three classes at a middle school were assigned to the groups. Before the treatment instruction, a questionnaire about science-learning attitude was administered to 144 students, and their scores were utilized as covariate. Then, the same questionnaire was given with a test of science achievement designed in this study. The changes in both achievement and attitude among the three groups were analyzed statistically. Significant differences were not shown in science achievement or in the difference of gender with respect to perceptions about science. There were significant changes between the homogeneous and heterogeneous gender grouping in their attitudes toward science instruction. Here the cooperative learning group, regardless of the gender grouping, tends to exhibit more positive perceptions towards their learning environment than the control group, particularly in female students.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.22-33
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the modified plaque score (MPS) for assessing the oral hygiene status of periodontitis patients. Methods: A total of 116 patients were included in this study. After evaluation of the $L{\ddot{o}}e$ and Silness gingival index (GI), Silness and $L{\ddot{o}}e$ plaque index (PlI), O'Leary plaque control record (PCR), and MPS, patients were randomly assigned to either a conventional tooth brushing instruction (C-TBI) group (n=56) or a professional intraoral tooth brushing instruction (P-TBI) group (n=60). The MPS and clinical parameters were re-evaluated after scaling and a series of root planing. The convergent validity of MPS with the PlI and PCR was assessed. The measurement time for MPS and PCR was compared according to the proficiency of the examiner. Results: After root planing, the GI, PlI, PCR, and MPS improved from their respective baseline values in both groups. Three different plaque indices including the MPS, showed significant differences between the C-TBI group and the P-TBI group after root planing. The MPS showed significant concurrence with the PCR and PlI. The mean time for PCR measurement was $2.76{\pm}0.71$ times longer than that for MPS measurement after 2 weeks of training. Conclusions: MPS seems to be a practical plaque scoring system compared with the PlI and PCR. These findings suggest that repetitive plaque control combined with an easily applicable plaque index (MPS) may facilitate more effective oral hygiene education and improved periodontal health.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.625-631
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• 2015

In this paper, an 8051 microcontroller with application-specific instructions and I/O ports for data transmission is designed. The designed microcontoller includes two UART ports and one SMBus port to control external devices and to transmit data with them. Application-specific instruction is developed and added to the instruction set to exploit these I/O ports. So the designed microcontroller can perform multi-device control and multi-byte transmission. Also, it can reduce the code size of the application program. Especially, the designed microcontroller does not stall and can execute other programs during data transmission, which significantly increases its efficiency. Synthesized in 0.18 um technology, the area overhead due to application-specific instructions was negligible. Operations of all instructions and I/O ports were verified to run correctly on a FPGA board.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.431-441
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• 2003

This paper presents the design of 32 bit microprocessor for a sequence control using a field programmable gate array(FPGA). The microprocessor was designed by a VHDL with top down method, the program memory was separated from the data memory for high speed execution of sequence instructions. Therefore it was possible that sequence instructions could be operated at the same time during the instruction fetch cycle. In order to reduce the instruction decoding time and the interface time of the data memory interface, an instruction code size was implemented by 32 bits. And the real time debug operation was implemented for easeful debugging the designed processor with a single step run, PC break point run, data memory break point run. Also in this designed microprocessor, pulse instructions, step controllers, master controllers, BM and BCD type arithmetic instructions, barrel shift instructions were implemented for sequence logic control. The FPGA was synthesized under a Xilinx's Foundation 4.2i Project Manager using a V600EHQ240 which contains 600,000 gates. Finally simulation and experiment were successfully performed respectively. For showing good performance, the designed microprocessor for the sequence logic control was compared with the H8S/2148 microprocessor which contained many bit instructions for sequence logic control. The designed processor for the sequence logic showed good performance.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.13C no.4 s.107
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• pp.397-404
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• 2006

Successful software attacks require both injecting malicious code into a program's address space and altering the program's flow control to the injected code. Code section can not be changed at program's runtime, so malicious code must be injected into data section. Detoured flow control into data section is a signal of software attack. We propose a new software attack detection method which verify the target address of CALL, JMP, RET instructions, which alter program's flow control, and detect a software attack when the address is not in code section. Proposed method can detect all change of flow control related data, not only program's return address but also function pointer, buffer of longjmp() function and old base pointer, so it can detect the more attacks.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.17 no.4 s.38
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• pp.157-173
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to clarify the effects of Home Economics instruction using motivation(ARCS) strategy on the learning motivation and academic attitude toward the subject. To accomplish the purpose, teaching-learning plan using motivation(ARCS) strategy was developed and the subjects for this study were 155 End grade male students randomly chosen from four classes at a middle school in Incheon Metropolitan City. In the 5th period instruction about 'utilization of resources and environment' unit, 76 students of two classes as an experimental group received the Home Economics instruction using motivation(ARCS) strategy, while 79 students of two classes as a comparative group took lecture type instruction. The results of this study were as the follows 1. Home Economics instruction using motivation(ARCS) strategy was more effective than the lecture type instruction to improve learning motivation and positive change in academic attitude toward Home Economics subject. 2. Home Economics instruction using motivation(ARCS) strategy was effective to improving learning motivation regardless of their levels of students prior learning motivation and learning achievement. 3. Home Economics instruction using motivation(ARCS) strategy was effective to positive change in academic attitude toward Home Economics subject regardless of their levels of students Prior learning achievement and at the aspect of prior motivation to learn, the high level students were more effective than the low level students. 4. According to responses of students and teacher for Home Economics instruction using motivation(ARCS) strategy, it was effective to improving active participation and interest for Home Economics instruction.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1991.10a
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• pp.1110-1115
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• 1991

Tne mathematical modeling and analysis results of a dataflow logic solving processor(DFLSP) for programmable logic controller(PLC) are proposed in this paper. The logic program language is formalized using a dataflow graph model. From this dataflow graph, the instruction precedence relationship, and deadlock problems, which are major properties of a logic program, are described.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.1-11
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• 2006

This study aims at identifying what effect ARCS model based instruction and cognitive style have on learning motivation and achievement in computer education. In order to accomplish this goal. 70 high school students were randomly allocated into the experiment group and the control group. And each group was divided into field-independent group and field-dependent group. The results were as follows. First, post test of learning motivation among four groups showed that mean differences were statistical significant. Especially 'ARCS model based instruction-field independent group got higher score than 'traditional instruction field dependent' group. Second, post test of learning achievement showed no significant mean difference among four group. The result of the pre and post test difference analysis showed that the change scores of means were significantly different.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.29-42
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• 1990

In this paper, We use the APL as IDL when simulation a 16-bit SIP. It was possible for IDL to represent and describe a structure of a H/W which other HDL have not. Because We partitioned whole system to various modules when desingning processor, We adpoted a direct decoding method. A designed each modules are executed according to 12-bit control word was inputed through experimental framework, Which were composed to symbolized instructions. In here, By setting instruction codes of the SIP using binary code, We composed instruction format and assembler instruction, and verified the SIP behaviour that try to implement by entering a presented instruction set through experimental framework. In a presented SIP, Because inputing program are a symbolized language, Designer and user will easily understand behaviour of system. Especially, Because we can immediatly specify a unit function within SIP, We will use variously and easily the library cell.