• Polymer(Korea)
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.516-522
• /
• 2002

The ion exchange characteristic of quaternary ammonium as functional group containing aminated acrylic fibrous ion exchanger were studied for the adsorption of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) in a continuous ion exchange process. The adsorption capacities of aminated acrylic for LAS as the adsorption temperature were increased with increasing adsorption temperature and were equilibrated at $40^{\circ}C$. The maximum adsorption capacities as column packing ratio (L/D) were obtained at L/D>2. The adsorption capacity for LAS was increased with increasing pH and the maximum adsorption capacity as pH was obtained at pH 7. The effects of temperature and pH were similar to those of flow rate and concentration of LAS tin the breakthrough curves, the breakthrough time and slope of breakthrough corves decreased with increasing flow rate and concentration of LAS in adsorption process.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.174-184
• /
• 1998

Biosorption characteristics were investigated to discuss the use of agar entrapped Spirulina to remove of heavy metal ions from polluted waters. Agar immobilized algae were used as bioadsorbent in continuous reactor for heavy metal ions removal. The process solution contains Pb, Cu, and Cd as single ion and binary ions. In the adsorption of single heavy metal ions by agar immobilized Spirulina, the adsorption reached within 1hr and observed diffusion limitation differed from the free algal cell adsorption. The optimum pH for the adsorption of heavy metals was 4.5 but the influence of pH decreased less than that of free algal cell. Also, the adsorption characteristics of single heavy metal ions with agar immobilized Spirulina fitted the BET isotherm. Both of experiments of free algal cell and agar immobilized algae showed higher removal efficiency in the single ion solutions than binary ions solutions. The experimental results in the packed column with agar immobilized algae were over 90% of removal efficiency for the Pb, Cu, and Cd in single ion solutions.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.453-459
• /
• 2014

The excessive concentration of phosphorus in the river and reservoir is a deteriorating factor for the eutrophication. The converter slag was used to remove the phosphate from the synthetic wastewater. Influencing factors were studied to remove soluble orthophosphate with the different particle sizes through the batch and the column experiments by continuous flow. Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherm constants were obtained from batch experiments with $PS_A$ and $PS_B$. Freundlich isotherm was fitted better than Langmuir isotherm. Regression coefficient of Freundlich isotherm was 0.95 for $PS_A$ and 0.92 for $PS_B$, respectively. The adsorption kinetics from the batch experiment were revealed that bigger size of convert slag, $PS_A$ can be applied for the higher than 3.5 mg/L of phosphate concentration. The pilot plant of continuous flow was applied in order to evaluate the pH variation, breakthrough points and breakthrough adsorption capacity of phosphate. The variation of pH was decreased through the experimental hours. The breakthrough time was 1,432 and 312 hours to 10 mg/L and 50 mg/L for the influent concentration, respectively. The breakthrough adsorption capacity was 3.54 g/kg for 10 mg/L, and 1.72 g/kg for 50 mg/L as influent phosphate concentration.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.30 no.5
• /
• pp.536-545
• /
• 2019

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the adsorptive removal of Pb(II) from an aqueous solution using a mixture of spent coffee grounds and chitosan on beads (CC-beads). Various parameters affecting the adsorption process of Pb(II) using CC-beads were investigated. Based on the experimental data, the adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherms were analyzed for their adsorption rate, maximum adsorption capacity, adsorption energy and adsorption strength. Moreover, the entropy, enthalpy and free energy were also calculated by thermodynamic analysis. According to the FT-IR analysis, a CC-bead has a very suitable structure for easy heavy metal adsorption. The process of adsorbing Pb(II) using CC-beads was suitable for pseudo-second order kinetic and Langmuir model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 163.51 (mg/g). The adsorption of Pb(II) using CC-beads was closer to chemical adsorption than physical adsorption. In addition, the adsorption of Pb(II) on CC-beads was exothermic and spontaneous in nature. CC-beads are economical because they are inexpensive and also the waste can be recycled, which is very significant in terms of the continuous circulation of resources. Thus, CC-beads can compete with other adsorbents.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.15 no.6
• /
• pp.805-812
• /
• 1999

Adsorption characteristics of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) by activated carbon fiber(ACF) were investigated using a continuous system for benzene, toluene, xylene(BTX) generation. Studied characteristics for adsorption were equilibrium capacity, accumulative adsorption, and breakthrough curve. Operating variables were adsorption temperature(25~45$^{\circ}C$) and partial pressure(1.2~12 mmHg) of BTX. The experimental results show that the adsorption equilibrium capacity increases with increasing partial pressure of BTX and decreases with increasing temperature. It was also found that the break point was decreased with increasing partial pressure, temperature and gas flow rate due to an effect of mass transfer of adsorbate.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.281-286
• /
• 2001

Wastewater from the pigment industry has high levels of organics and is known as hardly biodegradable. The objective of this study is to evaluate the applicability of aerobic fixed-bed boifilm reactor packed with ceramic support carrier for the pigment wastewater treatment. Orange 2(widely used azo pigment) adsorption experiment onto biofilm and activated sludge, and continuous treatment experiments were performed. In batch adsorption experiment, maximum adsorption quantity of biofilm was at least two times higher than that of activated sludge. In continuous experiment using aerobic fixed-bed biodilm reactor, the influent concentration of COD and Orange 2 were 75~500mg/${\ell}$(0.45~3.00kg COD/$m^3.day), 5~50mg/$\ell$(0.03~0.30kg Orange 2/$m^3$.day), respectively. At a COD loading rate 2.5kg COD/$m^3$.day and Orange 2 loading rate of 0.18kg Orange 2/$m^3$.day, removal efficiency of COD and Orange 2 were over 95%, 97%, respectively.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.17-23
• /
• 1995

As a basic experiment to develope biological pretreatment proces~ in water treatment, the experiments on biodegradability and isothermal adsorption of activated carbon were performed on refractories such as humic acid, $NH_3-N$, phenol and ABS which caused the problems in drinking water treatment. Also, the treatabilities on humic acid were examined in the continuous flow type reactors. The removal efficiencies of humic acid, $NH_3-N$, phenol and ABS in the biodegradable experiments for 5 days were 20.1%, 73.4%, 91.7% and 97.5%, respectively. In the isothermal adsorption test of refractories on activated carbon to be used as a media in the continuous flow type reactors, ABS and phenol are adsorbed easily, but humic acid and $NH_3-N$ are difficult to be done. The removal efficiencies of humic acid in granular activated carbon(GAC) reactor were about 7-8% higher than in biological activated carbon(BAC) reactor. The removal efficiencies of humic acid in biological fluidized bed(BFB) reactor were about 30% in GAC media, but were almost zero in sea sand media.

• Journal of Urban Science
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.19-23
• /
• 2019

With the continuous progress of modern science and technology and the rapid development of economy, with the continuous development of society, the treatment of industrial and domestic sewage has become a hot concern. Toxic substances and non-degradable pollutants in wastewater also have a great impact on the environment. This paper mainly expounds the current environmental situation and the adsorption mechanism of activated carbon. And the application and development of activated carbon adsorption in wastewater.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.209-217
• /
• 2022

In the present research, Ficus religiosa Bark (FRB) is used as an adsorbent for the removal of heavy metal Cr (VI) ions. This Ficus religiosa Bark was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope, Fourier transform infrared Spectroscopy, Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer and the results showed that activated adsorbent have high adsorption capacity and withstand even in high temperature. Batch and Continuous experiments were conducted to determine the effect of various parameters such as pH, contact time, adsorbent dose and initial metal concentration. The biosorption followed pseudo first order kinetic model. The adsorption isotherms of Cr (VI) on Ficus religiosa fitted well with the Temkin model. In Batch study, maximum biosorption capacity of Cr (VI) was found to be 37.97 mg g^-1 (at optimal pH of 2, adsorbent dosage of 0.3 grams and concentration of Cr (VI) is100 mg L^-1). The Continuous mode of study shows that 97% of Cr (VI) ion removal at a flow rate of 15 ml min^-1. From the results, selected Ficus religiosa Bark has the higher adsorption capacity for the removal of Cr (VI) ions from wastewater.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.35-39
• /
• 2015

Continuous adsorption and recovery characteristics for gold and lead-cyanide complexes in industrial wastewater were investigated by the Dowex 21K XLT resin. The Dowex 21K XLT resin could continuously remove over 95% for gold-cyanide complex until 520 bed volumes at the 0.5 mL/min of influent flow rate, however, could not remove lead-cyanide complex at all. The 96% of gold-cyanide complex adsorbed onto Dowex 21K XLT resin could be recovered by mixed solvent with HCl and acetone (7:3 ratio) within 8 bed volumes. Also, the bed volume for gold-cyanide complex using secondly reused Dowex 21K XLT resin was maintained as the 490, therefore, continuous process using Dowex 21K XLT resin can be sufficiently applied to the industrial wastewater containing gold ions.