• 수완나부미
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.121-146
• /
• 2016

Defining key characteristics of Southeast Asia requires historical interpretation. Southeast Asia is a diverse and complicated region, but some of modern history's "grand narratives" serve to unify its historical experience. At a minimum, the modern history of the region involves decisive encounters with universal religions, the rise of Western colonialism, the experience of world wars, decolonization, and the end of the "cycle of violence". The ability of the region's peoples to adapt to these many challenges and successfully build new nations is a defining feature of Southeast Asia's place in the global stage. This paper will begin with a question: is it possible to develop a hermeneutic of "expedience" as a way to interpret the region's history? That is, rather than regard the region from a purely Western, nationalist, "internalist" point of view, it would be useful to identify a new series of interpretative contexts from which to begin scholarly analysis. In order to contextualize this discussion, the paper will draw upon the writings of figures who explored the region before knowledge about it was shaped by purely colonist or nationalist enterprises. To this end, particular attention will be devoted to exploring some of John Furnivall's ways of conceptualizing Southeast Asia. Investigating Furnivall, a critic of colonialism, will be done in relation to his historical situation. Because Furnivall's ideas have played a pivotal role in the interpretation of Southeast Asia, the paper will highlight the intellectual history of the region in order to ascertain the value of these concepts for subsequent historical interpretation. Ultimately, the task of interpreting the region's history requires a framework which will move beyond the essentializing orientalist categories produced by colonial scholarship and the reactionary nation-building narratives which followed. Instead, by beginning with a mode of historical interpretation that focuses on the many realities of expedience which have been necessary for the region's peoples, it may be possible to write a history which highlights the extraordinarily adaptive quality of Southeast Asia's populations, cultures, and nations. To tell this story, which would at once highlight key characteristics of the region while showing how they developed through historical encounters, would go a long way to capturing Southeast Asia's contribution's to global development.

• 수완나부미
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.131-159
• /
• 2016

This qualitative study was designed to explore the definition of ethnic identity of the Dusuns in Brunei Darussalam from the perspective of Shamsul A.B.'s (1996) "everyday-defined" social reality. The purpose of this study was twofold. Firstly, by employing Phinney's (1996) formulation of ethnic identity, this study examined the existence of core components of ethnic identity, namely, ethnic self-identification, ethnic involvement, positive attitude towards ethnic group, and sense of belonging in the life of the Dusuns. Secondly, by utilizing Phinney's (1996) three-stage model of ethnic identity formation, this study investigated the relationship between core components and the formation process of ethnic identity. Twenty-six Dusun informants ranging in age from 8 to 80 years old were interviewed for the purpose of this study. The analysis of the interview data revealed that all core components exist and evolve in the life of the Dusuns. Different perspectives towards core components can also be identified across different age groups. Adult informants contested the relevance of ethnic involvement in view of socio-cultural transformations that occurred within the ethnic group, whereas younger Dusuns were not able to extend sense of belonging outside their family. These findings lead to the identification of family and historical contexts as influential factors that shape the ways the informants experienced the ethnic identity components. Further, the findings of this study indicate the relationship between core components and the formation process of ethnic identity. Sense of belonging and community is only evident in the experience of older informants, sufficient to help them reach the stage of achieving ethnic identity. This also shows a positive sequential relation between the stages in Phinney's ethnic identity model and the age of the informants. Interestingly, evidence on internalized sense of belonging reveals the fact that an individual could still attain ethnic identity achievement even without experiencing all components of ethnic identity. Once again, this study suggests contextual factors play a role in the stage progression of the Dusuns' ethnic identity.

• 실천공학교육논문지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.357-364
• /
• 2023

인공지능 기술의 급속한 발전으로 인해 생성형 인공지능 플랫폼은 다양한 분야에서 혁신적인 활용이 이루어지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 인공지능을 교육에 활용한 연구사례, 생성형 인공지능 플랫폼이 컴퓨터그래픽 영역에 활용된 사례를 살펴보고, 생성형 인공지능 교육 방향성에 대해 논의하였다. 컴퓨터그래픽에서 이미지 생성과 편집, 영상편집에 활용 가능한 생성형 인공지능 플랫폼을 소개하고, 영상편집 제작과정에 적용할 수 있도록 활용방법을 제안하였다. 이러한 생성형 인공지능 플랫폼은 제작공정에서 창작자의 수고를 덜고, 시간을 단축시킨다는 효율성 측면에서도 장점뿐만 아니라 개인의 역량을 증진할 수 있다. 컴퓨터그래픽 제작에 있어 생성형 인공지능 플랫폼은 다양한 변화를 가져다 주었다. 그런 변화를 살펴보고 생성형 인공지능 플랫폼을 활용한 창작 교육에 방향성을 제시하고자 한다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.135-151
• /
• 2023

Using 3D asphalt pavement surface data, a deep and multiscale network named CrackNet-M is proposed in this paper for pixel-level crack detection for improvements in both accuracy and robustness. The CrackNet-M consists of four function-specific architectural modules: a central branch net (CBN), a crack map enhancement (CME) module, three pooling feature pyramids (PFP), and an output layer. The CBN maintains crack boundaries using no pooling reductions throughout all convolutional layers. The CME applies a pooling layer to enhance potential thin cracks for better continuity, consuming no data loss and attenuation when working jointly with CBN. The PFP modules implement direct down-sampling and pyramidal up-sampling with multiscale contexts specifically for the detection of thick cracks and exclusion of non-crack patterns. Finally, the output layer is optimized with a skip layer supervision technique proposed to further improve the network performance. Compared with traditional supervisions, the skip layer supervision brings about not only significant performance gains with respect to both accuracy and robustness but a faster convergence rate. CrackNet-M was trained on a total of 2,500 pixel-wise annotated 3D pavement images and finely scaled with another 200 images with full considerations on accuracy and efficiency. CrackNet-M can potentially achieve crack detection in real-time with a processing speed of 40 ms/image. The experimental results on 500 testing images demonstrate that CrackNet-M can effectively detect both thick and thin cracks from various pavement surfaces with a high level of Precision (94.28%), Recall (93.89%), and F-measure (94.04%). In addition, the proposed CrackNet-M compares favorably to other well-developed networks with respect to the detection of thin cracks as well as the removal of shoulder drop-offs.

• 공학교육연구
• /
• 제26권6호
• /
• pp.3-18
• /
• 2023

The purpose of this study is to identify the difference between the current retention level and the required level of engineering students' career competency that they think they need based on their perceptions. Ultimately, the results of this study are used as basic data when designing the major/general education program and the curricular/extra-curricular career program. The task of this study is to identify the difference between the current retention level and the required level of engineering students' career competency. And based on this, it is to confirm the educational needs of engineering students for the career competency. For this purpose, literature research on career competency education in universities was reviewed in the theoretical background. Next, previous studies on career competency and sub-competence derived from career competency-related studies and detailed questions were analyzed. Based on this, an initial evaluation tool for career competency of engineering students was developed. Finally, through expert review, a career competency evaluation tool with a total of 43 items in 10 competency groups was developed. A career competency evaluation questionnaire was conducted for 197 engineering students who participated in the 2022 Engineering Education Festa, and as a result of the IPA analysis, 'global competency' was found to be the competency with the largest difference between importance and execution. Next, 'major job competency' and 'career development competency' appeared in order. Reflecting the results of this study, it is expected that mutually organic design of competency-based liberal arts curriculum and major curriculum that can cultivate global competency, major job competency, and career development capability will be carried out through learning activities and field practice.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.366-382
• /
• 2023

Among the many novels penned by Thomas Hardy, the novel "Tess of the d'Urbervilles" came into print in 1891.In this novel, Hardy portrays Tess who was born and raised in a rural middle-class family but ends up working as a laborer, trapped in a society where she is subjugated by the men's wealth, leading a life marked by loneliness and isolation. The novel presents the status of women, moral struggles, and the challenging fate that they must overcome. It highlights the powerlessness of women living in a structurally unreasonable social environment, forced to depend on the ever-changing twists of destiny. This story delves into the complexities of love between the genders, moral conflicts, and the societal criticism that must be confronted. By utilizing the life of the young woman Tess, it underscores the struggle for existence and elucidates the roles, expectations, and constraints imposed on gender during the Victorian era. This research paper aims to compare the roles of women in the Victorian era in Britain and woman in contemporary Korean society. The Victorian era featured rigid gender norms, confining women to prescribed roles. In contrast, modern Korean society blends tradition and modernity, empowering women to play vital roles and reshape societal norms. Our research explores the interplay of tradition and change, providing a comprehensive understanding of women's evolving roles in both historical and contemporary contexts. We will present our discussions regarding the enduring roles that women have faced in both periods. Furthermore, we aim to highlight the distinctive roles women are called upon to play while dealing with the swift transformations in contemporary Korean society, recognizing them as essential agents in the agents in advancing Korean society.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제38권5호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2023

This study analyzes the operational characteristics of 311 aged and non-aged residual current circuit breakers (RCCBs) in low-voltage consumer contexts. It investigates the influence of external temperature and harmonics based on the rated current multiples. To simulate temperature variations, a convectional oven was used around the circuit breakers. Additionally, the generation of harmonic reference signals and data measurement for overcurrent experiments were conducted using NI SCXI, myDAQ, and LabVIEW. An observation revealed that as the ambient temperature increased, the operating time of RCCBs decreased in the time delay region. This was attributed to the faster response or bending of the bimetal, which is the tripping element. However, aged RCCBs encountered challenges with tripping outside the protective curve. The operating time of the circuit breakers exhibited an acceleration influenced by the order and content of harmonic currents, potentially leading to malfunctions. Aged RCCBs demonstrated faster operating times than their non-aged counterparts. However, the difference in operating time varied based on the manufacturer's and operating environment of the RCCBs. Frequent malfunctions of RCCBs can result in power outages. In cases where these circuit breakers fail to operate, they can lead to secondary damages, including electrical fires and shocks. Consequently, it is imperative to consider the operating environment of RCCBs and provide appropriate replacement cycles to mitigate these risks.

• 한국과학교육학회지
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.258-267
• /
• 2006

중 고등학교 현장 과학 교사들을 대상으로 7차 교육과정의 탐구 과정 요소의 활용 정도와 가설에 대한 교사들의 인식을 알아보기 위해 설문조사를 실사하였다. 조사 결과 교사들은 자료해석을 가장 많이 활용하였으며 다음으로 결론 도출을 많이 활용하였다. 가장 활용 빈도가 낮은 것은 가설 설정이었으며 다음으로는 자료 변환이었다. 이러한 결과와 더불어 교사들이 가장 활용하기 힘들다고 응답한 탐구 과정 요소는 가설 설정이었으며 자료 변환, 변인 통제가 그 뒤를 이었다. 가설 설정은 현장에서 활용 빈도가 가장 낮으며 교사들이 가장 활용하기 힘들어하는 탐구 과정 요소로 나타났다. 가설에 대한 교사들의 인식 조사 결과 많은 교사들(63.1%)이 가설에 대해 바르게 진술하였으나, 구체적인 문제 상황에서 가설을 바르게 선택하는 교사의 비율(5.0%)은 매우 낮게 나타났다. 현장에서 가설 설정 수업의 가능성에 대한 교사들의 인식 조사 결과 90%이상의 교사들은 중학교 이상에서 가설 설정 수업이 가능하다고 보았다. 그러나 실제로 과학교사들은 가설 설정을 현장의 과학 수업에 활용하는 것을 어려워하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 이러한 결과는 현재 중등학교 현장에서 거의 활용되지 않고 있는 가설 설정 관련 수업이 가설에 대한 적절한 정의와 수업 전략이 주어진다면 가능하다는 것을 의미한다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.406-414
• /
• 2006

이 연구에서는 7학년 학생들의 빛의 이동경로에 대한 개념의 상황의존성을 물체의 관찰, 물체의 거울상 관찰, 거울에 비친 자신의 얼굴상 관찰이라는 세 가지 서로 다른 상황에서 연구하였다. 면담을 통해 각 상황에 대한 학생들의 반응을 조사하였으며, 세 가지 상황에 대한 학생들의 설명을 바탕으로 학생들을 네 그룹으로 나누었다. 각 그룹은 다시 개념특성에 따라 2-3개의 하위집단으로 나누었으며, 각 하위집단의 특성을 조사하였다. 연구결과 (1) 그룹 1의 학생들의 개념은 각 상황에 따라 변화하였다; (2) 그룹 2의 학생들은 C1 상황에선 과학적 개념을 나타냈지만 C2 상황에선 시선개념이나 상에 대한 오개념을 나타냈다; (3) 그룹 3의 학생들은 얼굴의 거울상에 대한 강한 오개념 때문에 과학적 개념을 포기하였다. 제언 부분에서는 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 빛 단원에 대한 교수-학습방법의 개선점을 논의하였다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
• /
• 제29권5호
• /
• pp.513-530
• /
• 2009

과학과 기술 분야에서 발생하는 윤리적 논쟁거리를 가르치기 위해 많은 방법들이 사용되어 왔다. 그러나 그런 생명윤리 교수법이 윤리학 이론을 근거로 정당화되지 않았으며, 실용적 효용도 대부분 확인되지 않았다. 이 논문의 목적은 중 고등학교의 생명과학에 관련된 사회과학적 논쟁거리와 윤리적 이론에 적절한 생명윤리 교수법을 제안하고자 함이다. 이 논문에서는 지금까지 제시된 13가지의 생명윤리 교수-학습 방법 가운데에서 윤리학 이론에 비추어 타당하며 현행 우리나라 교육적 여건에 대한 실용성도 높다고 판단되는 아홉 가지의 생명윤리 교수-학습 방법의 특성을 적용하기 적절한 생명윤리 논쟁거리 또는 상황, 교수-학습 방법을 잘 설명하는 윤리학 이론과 법칙, 실례 등으로 기술하였다.